{"id":34141,"date":"2019-10-31T21:56:37","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:56:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/v-19-populyarnejshih-docker-obrazov-net-parolya-dlya-root\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:56:37","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:56:37","slug":"v-19-populyarnejshih-docker-obrazov-net-parolya-dlya-root","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/v-19-populyarnejshih-docker-obrazov-net-parolya-dlya-root","title":{"rendered":"V 19 % nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch Docker obraz\u016f chyb\u00ed heslo pro root","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Minulou sobotu, 18. kv\u011btna, Jerry Gamblin z Kenna Security <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kennasecurity.com\/20-of-the-1000-most-popular-docker-containers-have-no-root-password\/\">zkoumal<\/a><\/noindex> 1000 nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch obraz\u016f na Docker Hub za pou\u017eit\u00ed jejich hesla pro u\u017eivatele root. V 19 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f bylo pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"V 19 % nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch Docker obraz\u016f chyb\u00ed heslo pro root\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/50d68e9378a116909318240ae1ca318a.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Pozad\u00ed s Alpine<\/h2>\n<p>\nD\u016fvodem pro proveden\u00e9 mini-\u0161kolen\u00ed byl d\u0159\u00edve zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fd Talos Vulnerability Report (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/talosintelligence.com\/vulnerability_reports\/TALOS-2019-0782\">TALOS-2019-0782<\/a><\/noindex>), jeho\u017e auto\u0159i \u2014 d\u00edky n\u00e1lezu Petera Adkinse z Cisco Umbrella \u2014 uvedli, \u017ee Docker obrazy s popul\u00e1rn\u00edm distribuc\u00ed kontejner\u016f Alpine nemaj\u00ed heslo pro root:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\"Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed verze Docker obraz\u016f Alpine Linux (od v3.3) obsahuj\u00ed NULL heslo pro u\u017eivatele root. Tato zranitelnost vznikla v d\u016fsledku regrese p\u0159edstaven\u00e9 v prosinci 2015. Spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee syst\u00e9my nasazen\u00e9 s problematick\u00fdmi verzemi Alpine Linux v kontejneru a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed Linux PAM nebo jin\u00fd mechanismus, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 syst\u00e9mov\u00fd soubor shadow jako datab\u00e1zi pro autentizaci, mohou akceptovat nulov\u00e9 (NULL) heslo pro u\u017eivatele root.\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nOtestovan\u00e9 verze Docker obraz\u016f s Alpine zahrnovaly 3.3\u20143.9 v\u010detn\u011b a tak\u00e9 nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed release edge.<\/p>\n<p>Auto\u0159i poskytli n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed pro u\u017eivatele, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou vystaveni probl\u00e9mu:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\"\u00da\u010det root by m\u011bl b\u00fdt v\u00fdslovn\u011b vypnut\u00fd v Docker obrazech postaven\u00fdch na z\u00e1klad\u011b problematick\u00fdch verz\u00ed Alpine. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1 exploatace zranitelnosti z\u00e1vis\u00ed na prost\u0159ed\u00ed, proto\u017ee jej\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch vy\u017eaduje vystavenou slu\u017ebu nebo aplikaci, kter\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Linux PAM nebo jin\u00fd podobn\u00fd mechanismus.\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nProbl\u00e9m byl <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/alpinelinux.org\/posts\/Docker-image-vulnerability-CVE-2019-5021.html\">odstran\u011bna<\/a><\/noindex> v Alpine verz\u00edch 3.6.5, 3.7.3, 3.8.4, 3.9.2 a edge (20190228 snapshot), a majitel\u016fm obraz\u016f n\u00e1chyln\u00fdch k n\u011bmu bylo doporu\u010deno zakomentovat \u0159\u00e1dek s root v <code>\/etc\/shadow<\/code> nebo se ujistit o absenci bal\u00ed\u010dku <code>linux-pam<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2>Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed z Docker Hub<\/h2>\n<p>\nJerry Gamblin se rozhodl prozkoumat, \"jak roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt praxe pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nulov\u00fdch hesel v kontejnerech\". K tomu napsal mal\u00fd <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/jgamblin\/fd94d9078709fe68d13f36f82c29fdab\">Bash skript<\/a><\/noindex>, jeho\u017e podstata je celkem jednoduch\u00e1:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> p\u0159es curl dotaz na API v Docker Hub se \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 o seznam um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch Docker obraz\u016f;<\/li>\n<li> p\u0159es jq se t\u0159\u00edd\u00ed podle pole <code>popularity<\/code>, a z z\u00edskan\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 prvn\u00edch tis\u00edc;<\/li>\n<li> pro ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich se prov\u00e1d\u00ed <code>docker pull<\/code>;<\/li>\n<li> pro ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00edskan\u00fd obraz z Docker Hub se prov\u00e1d\u00ed <code>docker run<\/code> s p\u0159e\u010dten\u00edm prvn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1dku z souboru <code>\/etc\/shadow<\/code>;<\/li>\n<li> pokud hodnota \u0159\u00e1dku byla rovna <code>root:::0:::::<\/code>, n\u00e1zev obrazu se ulo\u017e\u00ed do samostatn\u00e9ho souboru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nCo tedy vzniklo? V <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/jgamblin\/6015a2020c1de3bc3aab19b361573b7f\">tomto souboru<\/a><\/noindex> uk\u00e1zalo se 194 \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f s n\u00e1zvy popul\u00e1rn\u00edch Docker obraz\u016f s Linuxov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my, kde root u\u017eivatel nem\u00e1 nastaven\u00e9 heslo:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201eMezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi jm\u00e9ny v tomto seznamu se objevili govuk\/governmentpaas, hashicorp, microsoft, monsanto a mesosphere. A kylemanna\/openvpn je nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kontejner ze seznamu, jeho statistiky \u010din\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 milion\u016f pull\u016f.\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nJe v\u0161ak t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee samotn\u00fd tento jev neznamen\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edmou zranitelnost bezpe\u010dnosti syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 je vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed: v\u0161e z\u00e1vis\u00ed tak\u00e9 na tom, jak p\u0159esn\u011b jsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny. <i>(viz koment\u00e1\u0159 k p\u0159\u00edpadu s Alpine v\u00fd\u0161e)<\/i>. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b \u201emor\u00e1lka tohoto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu\u201c jsme ji\u017e vid\u011bli mnohokr\u00e1t: viditeln\u00e1 jednoduchost \u010dasto skr\u00fdv\u00e1 i druhou stranu, kterou je v\u017edy nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt na pam\u011bti a jej\u00ed\u017e n\u00e1sledky je t\u0159eba zohlednit ve sv\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch pou\u017eit\u00ed technologie.<\/p>\n<h2>P.S.<\/h2>\n<p>\nP\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si tak\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0161 blog:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u00ab<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/flant\/blog\/337448\/\">Statistika o z\u00e1kladn\u00edch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech v obrazech na Docker Hub<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb;<\/li>\n<li> \u00ab<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/flant\/blog\/440504\/\">Docker a Kubernetes v prost\u0159ed\u00edch citliv\u00fdch na bezpe\u010dnost<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb;<\/li>\n<li> \u00ab<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/flant\/blog\/439964\/\">Zranitelnost CVE-2019-5736 v runc, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00edskat pr\u00e1va root na hostiteli<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb;<\/li>\n<li> \u00ab<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/flant\/blog\/337154\/\">Vulnerable Docker VM \u2014 virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed hlavolam o Dockeru a pentestingu<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/flant\/blog\/452754\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443, 18 \u043c\u0430\u044f, Jerry Gamblin \u0438\u0437 Kenna Security \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b 1000 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0441 Docker Hub \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f root. \u0412 19% \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u043e\u043d \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441 Alpine \u041f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438-\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435 Talos Vulnerability Report (TALOS-2019-0782), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u2014 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0435 Peter [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443, 18 \u043c\u0430\u044f, Jerry Gamblin \u0438\u0437 Kenna Security \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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