{"id":34408,"date":"2019-10-31T21:58:10","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/obsuzhdenie-proekt-openroad-namerevaetsya-reshit-zadachu-avtomatizatsii-proektirovaniya-protsessorov\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:58:10","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:10","slug":"obsuzhdenie-proekt-openroad-namerevaetsya-reshit-zadachu-avtomatizatsii-proektirovaniya-protsessorov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/obsuzhdenie-proekt-openroad-namerevaetsya-reshit-zadachu-avtomatizatsii-proektirovaniya-protsessorov","title":{"rendered":"Diskuze: projekt OpenROAD m\u00e1 za c\u00edl vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m automatizace n\u00e1vrhu procesor\u016f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Diskuze:<\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto \u2014 Pexels<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 CC BY<\/i><\/p>\n

Podle informac\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> PWC, trh polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed roste \u2014 v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce dos\u00e1hl v\u00fd\u0161ky 481 miliard dolar\u016f. Ale tempo jeho r\u016fstu v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b poko\u0159ilo<\/a><\/noindex>. Mezi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami poklesu je slo\u017eitost proces\u016f n\u00e1vrhu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a nedostatek automatizace.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nJe\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i z Intelu psali<\/noindex>, \u017ee p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho mikroprocesoru je t\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edt 100\u2013150 r\u016fzn\u00fdch softwarov\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f (EDA<\/a><\/noindex>). Situace se m\u016f\u017ee zhor\u0161it v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b heterogenn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jejich\u017e architektura zahrnuje n\u011bkolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f \u010dip\u016f \u2014 ASIC, FPGA, CPU nebo GPU. V d\u016fsledku toho vznikaj\u00ed chyby p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu, kter\u00e9 zpo\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed uveden\u00ed produkt\u016f na trh.<\/p>\n

Navzdory velk\u00e9mu po\u010dtu pomocn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f \u010d\u00e1st pr\u00e1ce in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i st\u00e1le mus\u00ed vykon\u00e1vat ru\u010dn\u011b. Auto\u0159i knihy \u201eAdvanced Logic Synthesis<\/a><\/noindex>\u201c tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkdy n\u00e1vrh\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159ipad\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> mus\u00ed ps\u00e1t skripty v jazyce Skill nebo Python o dvou milionech \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed knihoven s bu\u0148kami<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

. Skripty se tak\u00e9 p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed pro anal\u00fdzu zpr\u00e1v generovan\u00fdch EDA syst\u00e9my. P\u0159i v\u00fdvoji \u010dipu s technologi\u00ed 22 nm mohou tyto zpr\u00e1vy dosahovat a\u017e 30 terabajt\u016f.<\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nSituaci se rozhodli napravit a pokusit se standardizovat n\u00e1vrhov\u00e9 procesy v DARPA. V agentu\u0159e tak\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e9 metody v\u00fdroby \u010dip\u016f jsou zastaral\u00e9. Organizace spustila<\/a><\/noindex> p\u011btilet\u00fd program OpenROAD<\/a><\/noindex>, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je vyvinout nov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro automatizaci proces\u016f n\u00e1vrhu \u010dip\u016f.<\/p>\n

Co je to za program<\/h2>\n

\nV programu se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed n\u011bkolik projekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed a cloudov\u00e9 technologie pro automatizaci jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00fdroby \u010dip\u016f. V r\u00e1mci iniciativy jsou vyv\u00edjeny<\/a><\/noindex> (schema 1) v\u00edce ne\u017e deset n\u00e1stroj\u016f. N\u00ed\u017ee podrobn\u011b p\u0159edstav\u00edme n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich: Flow Runner, RePlAce, TritonCTS, OpenSTA.<\/p>\n

Flow Runner<\/b> \u2014 je n\u00e1stroj pro spr\u00e1vu knihoven RTL a GDSII. Tyto posledn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed datab\u00e1zov\u00e9 soubory, kter\u00e9 jsou pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm standardem pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed o integrovan\u00fdch obvodech a jejich topologi\u00edch. Z\u00e1kladem tohoto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je kontejnerov\u00e1 technologie Docker. Flow Runner lze spou\u0161t\u011bt jak v cloudov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, tak i lok\u00e1ln\u011b. P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka k instalaci je k dispozici v ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm repozit\u00e1\u0159i na GitHubu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

RePlAce<\/b> \u2014 cloudov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9 na strojov\u00e9m u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm komponent\u016f na \u010dipu a automatizac\u00ed trasov\u00e1n\u00ed. Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch informac\u00ed<\/noindex>, inteligentn\u00ed algoritmy zvy\u0161uj\u00ed efektivitu n\u00e1stroje o 2\u201310 % ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s klasick\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my. Krom\u011b toho cloudov\u00e1 implementace usnad\u0148uje \u0161k\u00e1lovatelnost. P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka k instalaci a nastaven\u00ed je tak\u00e9 k dispozici v repozit\u00e1\u0159i<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

TritonCTS<\/b> \u2014 utilita pro optimalizaci taktov\u00fdch impuls\u016f dod\u00e1van\u00fdch na \u010dip. Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sm\u011brovat synchroniza\u010dn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly na v\u0161echny \u010d\u00e1sti za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se stejn\u00fdmi zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00edmi. Princip \u010dinnosti je zalo\u017een na H-stromech<\/a><\/noindex>. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup zvy\u0161uje<\/a><\/noindex> efektivitu distribuce sign\u00e1l\u016f o 30 % ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi metodami. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee v budoucnu by tento ukazatel mohl b\u00fdt zv\u00fd\u0161en na 56 %. Zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d a skripty TritonCTS jsou k dispozici na GitHubu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

OpenSTA<\/b> \u2014 engine pro statickou \u010dasovou anal\u00fdzu. Umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i zkontrolovat funk\u010dnost \u010dipu je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed jeho skute\u010dnou mont\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edklad k\u00f3du v OpenSTA vypad\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> takto.<\/p>\n

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ read_liberty -corner ff example1_fast.lib\nread_verilog example1.v\nlink_design top\nset_timing_derate -early 0.9\nset_timing_derate -early 1.1\nset_timing_derate -late 1.1\ncreate_clock -name clk -period 10 {clk1 clk2 clk3}\nset_input_delay -clock clk 0 {in1 in2}\n# report all corners\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nUtilita podporuje netlist popisy k\u00f3du ve Verilogu, knihovny ve form\u00e1tu Liberty, SDC soubory a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody<\/h2>\n
\nOdborn\u00edci z IBM a IEEE uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee cloudov\u00e9 technologie a strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed je t\u0159eba ji\u017e d\u00e1vno vyu\u017e\u00edt v v\u00fdrob\u011b \u010dip\u016f. Podle jejich n\u00e1zoru m\u016f\u017ee projekt DARPA p\u0159edstavovat \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad realizace t\u00e9to my\u0161lenky a polo\u017eit<\/a><\/noindex> z\u00e1klad zm\u011bn\u00e1m v pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n
D\u00e1le se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee otev\u0159en\u00e1 povaha OpenROAD vytvo\u0159\u00ed kolem n\u00e1stroj\u016f siln\u00e9 komunitu a p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1 nov\u00e9 startupy.<\/p>\n
\"Diskuze:
\nFoto \u2014 Pexels<\/noindex> \u2014 CC BY<\/i><\/p>\n
ji\u017e existuj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci \u2014 laborato\u0159 zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdvojem \u010dip\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b Michigansk\u00e9 univerzity, stane prvn\u00edm<\/a><\/noindex>, kdo otestuje otev\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje OpenROAD. Zat\u00edm v\u0161ak nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda nov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017eou m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv na cenu kone\u010dn\u00fdch produkt\u016f.<\/p>\n
Celkov\u011b se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee n\u00e1stroje vyv\u00edjen\u00e9 pod veden\u00edm DARPA p\u0159inesou pozitivn\u00ed dopad na pr\u016fmysl procesor\u016f a v t\u00e9to oblasti se za\u010dnou objevovat st\u00e1le nov\u00e9 projekty. P\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1stroj gEDA<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 umo\u017e\u0148uje navrhovat \u010dipy s neomezen\u00fdm po\u010dtem komponent\u016f. gEDA zahrnuje n\u00e1stroje pro editaci a modelov\u00e1n\u00ed integrovan\u00fdch obvod\u016f a trasov\u00e1n\u00ed desek. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed bylo vyv\u00edjeno pro UNIX platformy, ale \u0159ada jeho komponent\u016f funguje i na Windows. P\u0159\u00edru\u010dku k jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed lze nal\u00e9zt v dokumentaci na webu projektu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Voln\u011b dostupn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje poskytuj\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00fdm organizac\u00edm a startup\u016fm v\u00edce mo\u017enost\u00ed. Existuje pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee \u010dasem se nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy OpenROAD k v\u00fdvoji EDA n\u00e1stroj\u016f a tvorb\u011b \u010dip\u016f mohou st\u00e1t odv\u011btvov\u00fdm standardem.<\/p>\n
\nO \u010dem p\u00ed\u0161eme v na\u0161em firemn\u00edm blogu:<\/p>\n