{"id":34705,"date":"2019-10-31T21:59:54","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:59:54","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:59:54","slug":"arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","title":{"rendered":"ARM p\u0159edstavila nov\u00e9 v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 j\u00e1dro CPU \u2013 Cortex-A77","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

ARM p\u0159edstavila sv\u016fj nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed design procesoru \u2013 Cortex-A77. Podobn\u011b jako lo\u0148sk\u00fd Cortex-A76 je tento j\u00e1dro ur\u010deno pro vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 \u00fakoly ve smartphonech a r\u016fzn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu vykon\u00e1van\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f za takt (IPC). Taktn\u00ed frekvence a spot\u0159eba energie z\u016fstaly p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na \u00farovni Cortex-A76.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b ARM zam\u011b\u0159uje na rychl\u00e9 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonu sv\u00fdch jader. Podle jej\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f, od Cortex-A73 v roce 2016 a\u017e po design Hercules v roce 2020, chce spole\u010dnost zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u00fdkon CPU o 2,5kr\u00e1t. P\u0159echody z 16 nm na 10 nm a pot\u00e9 na 7 nm ji\u017e umo\u017enily zv\u00fd\u0161it taktovac\u00ed frekvenci a v kombinaci s architekturou Cortex-A75 a n\u00e1sledn\u011b Cortex-A76, podle odhad\u016f ARM, dos\u00e1hli dosud 1,8n\u00e1sobn\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu. Nyn\u00ed j\u00e1dro Cortex-A77 umo\u017en\u00ed d\u00edky r\u016fstu IPC zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u00fdkon je\u0161t\u011b o 20 % p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 taktovac\u00ed frekvenci. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee 2,5n\u00e1sobn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v roce 2020 se st\u00e1v\u00e1 zcela re\u00e1ln\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

I p\u0159es n\u00e1r\u016fst IPC o 20 %, odhaduje ARM, \u017ee spot\u0159eba energie A77 se nezv\u00fd\u0161ila. Kompromis spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee plocha chipu A77 je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 17 % v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e A76 p\u0159i stejn\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch norm\u00e1ch. V d\u016fsledku toho se cena jednotliv\u00e9ho j\u00e1dra m\u00edrn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed. Pokud porovn\u00e1me \u00fasp\u011bch ARM s l\u00eddry v oboru, stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee AMD v Zen 2 dos\u00e1hla n\u00e1r\u016fstu IPC o 15 % ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s Zen+, zat\u00edmco hodnota IPC u jader Intel z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u017e l\u00e9ta p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na stejn\u00e9 \u00farovni.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Okno prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed s m\u011bn\u011bn\u00edm sekvence p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f (out-of-order window size) bylo zv\u00fd\u0161eno o 25 %, na 160 jednotek, co\u017e j\u00e1dru umo\u017e\u0148uje zv\u00fd\u0161it paralelismus v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f. Dokonce i v Cortex-A76 byl velk\u00fd buffer adres p\u0159echodu (Branch Target Buffer), a v Cortex-A77 byl zv\u00fd\u0161en je\u0161t\u011b o 33 %, na 8 kB, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje bloku p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011btven\u00ed efektivn\u011b zvl\u00e1dat n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu paraleln\u00edch instrukc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/center>
\n\"ARM<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed novinkou je zcela nov\u00fd 1,5-KB cache, ve kter\u00e9m jsou ulo\u017eeny makrooperace (MOP) vracen\u00e9 z dek\u00f3dovac\u00edho modulu. Architektura procesoru ARM dek\u00f3duje instrukce z u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 aplikace na men\u0161\u00ed makrooperace a pot\u00e9 je rozd\u011bluje na mikrooperace, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1ny ji\u017e j\u00e1dru vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Cache MOP se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vlivu chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch v\u011btven\u00ed a resetov\u00e1n\u00ed, jeliko\u017e nyn\u00ed jsou makrooperace ulo\u017eeny v samostatn\u00e9m bloku a nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed op\u011btovn\u00e9 dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2014 t\u00edm se zvy\u0161uje celkov\u00e1 propustnost j\u00e1dra. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00edch je nov\u00fd blok velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm dopl\u0148kem ke standardn\u00ed cache instrukc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Do j\u00e1dra prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed byl p\u0159id\u00e1n \u010dtvrt\u00fd blok ALU a druh\u00fd blok odv\u011btven\u00ed. \u010ctvrt\u00fd ALU zvy\u0161uje celkovou propustnost procesoru 1,5kr\u00e1t d\u00edky schopnosti vykon\u00e1vat jednocyklick\u00e9 instrukce (jako ADD a SUB) a dvouciklov\u00e9 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 operace, jako je n\u00e1soben\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed dva ALU mohou zpracov\u00e1vat pouze z\u00e1kladn\u00ed jednocyklick\u00e9 instrukce, zat\u00edmco posledn\u00ed blok je zat\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi matematick\u00fdmi operacemi, jako je d\u011blen\u00ed, n\u00e1soben\u00ed s akumulac\u00ed atd. Druh\u00fd blok odv\u011btven\u00ed uvnit\u0159 j\u00e1dra prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zdvojn\u00e1sobuje po\u010det sou\u010dasn\u00fdch odv\u011btvovac\u00edch p\u0159echod\u016f, se kter\u00fdmi m\u016f\u017ee j\u00e1dro pracovat, co\u017e je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy dva ze \u0161esti zaslan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed p\u0159echod\u016f odv\u011btven\u00ed. Intern\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v ARM uk\u00e1zalo zisk ve v\u00fdkonu vyu\u017eit\u00edm tohoto druh\u00e9ho bloku p\u0159echod\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00edmi zm\u011bnami j\u00e1dra \u2014 p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed druh\u00e9ho pipelinu pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed AES, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed propustnosti pam\u011bti, vylep\u0161en\u00fd mechanismus p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed generace, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed efektivity energetick\u00e9 spot\u0159eby a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zvy\u0161uje propustnost syst\u00e9mu DRAM, optimalizace pr\u00e1ce cache a tak d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst je pozorov\u00e1n v Cortex-A77 p\u0159i celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch operac\u00edch a v\u00fdpo\u010dtech s plovouc\u00ed desetinnou \u010d\u00e1rkou. To je potvrzeno intern\u00edmi testy ARM v SPEC, kter\u00e9 uk\u00e1zaly n\u00e1r\u016fst v\u00fdkonu o 20 % a 35 % v celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch operac\u00edch a v\u00fdpo\u010dtech s plovouc\u00ed desetinnou \u010d\u00e1rkou. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed propustnosti pam\u011bti se pohybuje n\u011bkde v rozmez\u00ed 15\u201320 %. Celkov\u011b optimalizace a zm\u011bny v A77 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed 20% n\u00e1r\u016fst v\u00fdkonu v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00ed generac\u00ed. D\u00edky nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm technologick\u00fdm norm\u00e1m jako 7 nm ULV m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody v kone\u010dn\u00fdch \u010dipech.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

ARM vyvinula Cortex-A77, aby fungovala v konfiguraci 4+4 big.LITTLE (4 v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 j\u00e1dra a 4 jednoduch\u00e1 energeticky \u00fasporn\u00e1). Vzhledem k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plo\u0161e nov\u00e9 architektury v\u0161ak mohou mnoz\u00ed v\u00fdrobci z d\u016fvodu \u00faspor p\u0159edstavit kombinace 1+3+4 nebo 2+2+4, kter\u00e9 se ji\u017e aktivn\u011b praktikuj\u00ed, kde pouze jedno nebo dv\u011b j\u00e1dra budou plnohodnotn\u00e1 a neomezen\u00e1 A77.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/center><\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t


\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/center>
Zdroj: 3dnews.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 — Cortex-A77. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 Cortex-A76, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445. \u0412 \u043d\u0451\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 (IPC). \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 Cortex-A76. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f ARM \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26154,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47ARM p\u0159edstavila nov\u00e9 v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 j\u00e1dro CPU \u2014 Cortex-A77 | ProHoster","description":"ARM p\u0159edstavila sv\u016fj nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed design procesoru \u2014 Cortex-A77. Stejn\u011b jako lo\u0148sk\u00fd Cortex-A76 je tato j\u00e1dro ur\u010deno pro vysoce n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fakoly ve smartphonech a nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0426\u041f \u2014 Cortex-A77 | ProHoster","og:description":"ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u2014 Cortex-A77. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 Cortex-A76, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:59:54+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:59:54+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"34705","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-21 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