{"id":35003,"date":"2019-10-31T22:01:46","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-4-obzor-i-testirovanie-zbackup-restic-borgbackup\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:01:46","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:01:46","slug":"rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-4-obzor-i-testirovanie-zbackup-restic-borgbackup","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-4-obzor-i-testirovanie-zbackup-restic-borgbackup","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/a48fd8c8d725f94f0358a563ab76b783.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme na softwarov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00edm datov\u00e9ho toku na jednotliv\u00e9 komponenty (chunks) vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Komponenty repozit\u00e1\u0159e mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 d\u00e1le komprimov\u00e1ny a \u0161ifrov\u00e1ny, a co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2014 p\u0159i opakovan\u00fdch procesech z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt znovu pou\u017eity.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1loha v takov\u00e9m repozit\u00e1\u0159i je pojmenovan\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propojen\u00fdch komponent, nap\u0159\u00edklad na z\u00e1klad\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch hash funkc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Existuje n\u011bkolik takov\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, zam\u011b\u0159\u00edm se na 3: zbackup, borgbackup a restic.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"ozhidaemye-rezultaty\">O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e v\u0161ichni kandid\u00e1ti vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vytvo\u0159en\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159e, jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f bude hodnocen\u00ed velikosti repozit\u00e1\u0159e. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b by jeho velikost nem\u011bla p\u0159ekro\u010dit 13 GB podle p\u0159ijat\u00e9 metodiky, a to ani m\u00e9n\u011b \u2014 za podm\u00ednky dobr\u00e9 optimalizace.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tak\u00e9 je velmi \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed m\u00edt mo\u017enost vytv\u00e1\u0159et z\u00e1lohy soubor\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo, bez pou\u017eit\u00ed archiva\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f jako tar, a tak\u00e9 pracovat s ssh\/sftp bez dodate\u010dn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f jako rsync a sshfs.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1loh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Velikost repozit\u00e1\u0159e se rovn\u00e1 velikosti zm\u011bn, nebo je men\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se vysok\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed procesoru p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed komprese a\/nebo \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zna\u010dn\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a diskov\u00e9ho subsyst\u00e9mu, pokud proces archivace a\/nebo \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed bude prob\u00edhat na serveru pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh.<\/li>\n<li>Pokud dojde k po\u0161kozen\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159e \u2014 je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1 zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 chyba jak p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch z\u00e1loh, tak p\u0159i pokusu o obnoven\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba pl\u00e1novat dal\u0161\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed integrity repozit\u00e1\u0159e nebo pou\u017e\u00edt integrovan\u00e9 prost\u0159edky pro kontrolu jeho integrity.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jako referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnota byla p\u0159ijata pr\u00e1ce s tar, jak bylo uk\u00e1z\u00e1no v jednom z minul\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"testirovanie-zbackup\">Testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u00fd mechanismus fungov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee program nal\u00e9z\u00e1 v datov\u00e9m toku na vstupu oblasti obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed stejn\u00e1 data, pot\u00e9 je voliteln\u011b komprimuje, \u0161ifruje a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 ka\u017edou oblast pouze jednou.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pro deduplikaci se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 64bitov\u00e1 kruhov\u00e1 hash funkce se skluzybran\u00fdm oknem pro byte-by-byte porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edmi bloky dat (podobn\u011b jako je to realizov\u00e1no v rsync).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pro kompresi se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 lzma a lzo v multi-threadov\u00e9m proveden\u00ed a pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2014 aes. V posledn\u00edch verz\u00edch je tak\u00e9 mo\u017enost v budoucnu odstranit star\u00e1 data z \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b.<br \/>\nProgram je naps\u00e1na v C++ s minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi z\u00e1vislostmi. Autor se z\u0159ejm\u011b inspiroval unixov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, tak\u017ee program p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 data na stdin p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1loh a poskytuje podobn\u00fd datov\u00fd tok na stdout p\u0159i obnov\u011b. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem lze zbackup pou\u017e\u00edt jako velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd \"kousek\" p\u0159i psan\u00ed vlastn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro autora \u010dl\u00e1nku je tento program hlavn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od roku 2014.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jako datov\u00fd tok bude pou\u017eit b\u011b\u017en\u00fd tar, pokud nebude uvedeno jinak.<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Pod\u00edvejme se, jak\u00e9 budou v\u00fdsledky:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edhalo ve 2 variant\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>vytvo\u0159\u00ed se \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b a spust\u00ed se zbackup na serveru s p\u016fvodn\u00edmi daty, pot\u00e9 se obsah \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na server pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh.<\/li>\n<li>vytvo\u0159\u00ed se \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b na serveru pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh, spust\u00ed se zbackup p\u0159es ssh na serveru pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh, kter\u00e9mu se p\u0159es pipe p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed data.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky prvn\u00ed varianty byly n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: 43m11s \u2014 p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed ne\u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b a kompresoru lzma, 19m13s \u2014 p\u0159i v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b kompresoru za lzo.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na serveru s p\u016fvodn\u00edmi daty byla n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed (uk\u00e1zka s lzma, s lzo byla zhruba stejn\u00e1 situace, ale pod\u00edl rsync byl p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dtvrtina \u010dasu):<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/pp\/d3\/hs\/ppd3hsaxn_kffamwcrwstrb_sds.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/11c3c38124f6e20b6f92290e41a609a5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Je jasn\u011b vid\u011bt, \u017ee takov\u00fd proces z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed je vhodn\u00fd pouze p\u0159i relativn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch a mal\u00fdch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch. Tak\u00e9 je velmi \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed omezit pr\u00e1ci zbackup na 1 vl\u00e1kno, jinak bude z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na procesor velmi vysok\u00e1, proto\u017ee program um\u00ed velmi dob\u0159e pracovat ve v\u00edce vl\u00e1knech. Z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na disk byla mal\u00e1, co\u017e v sou\u010dasnosti s diskov\u00fdmi subsyst\u00e9my na b\u00e1zi SSD nebude viditeln\u00e9. Tak\u00e9 je jasn\u011b vid\u011bt spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed procesu synchronizace dat \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b na vzd\u00e1len\u00fd server, rychlost pr\u00e1ce je srovnateln\u00e1 s b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm rsync a uv\u00edzla v v\u00fdkonu diskov\u00e9ho subsyst\u00e9mu serveru pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh. Nev\u00fdhodou tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu je uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edho \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem \u2014 duplicita dat.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00fd variant, kdy se zbackup spust\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na serveru pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh, je zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a prakti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nejprve bude zkontrolov\u00e1na funk\u010dnost bez pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed s kompresorem lzma:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/wf\/m4\/g0\/wfm4g0zjf3cktbvihsmmtbg-hcu.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/2179a53ed6fb9530324490dc0922c788.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Doba b\u011bhu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho testovac\u00edho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>39m45s<br \/>\n40m20s<br \/>\n40m3s<\/p>\n<p>7m36s<br \/>\n8m3s<br \/>\n7m48s<\/p>\n<p>15m35s<br \/>\n15m48s<br \/>\n15m38s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokud se aktivuje \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed aes, v\u00fdsledky jsou dost podobn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/mf\/7p\/yv\/mf7pyvnly6bmjtxbno88mjtrtn4.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/afe515a8574ac0c6b2c2390b647108a4.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Doba provozu na stejn\u00fdch datech se \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00edm:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>43m40s<br \/>\n44m12s<br \/>\n44m3s<\/p>\n<p>8m3s<br \/>\n8m15s<br \/>\n8m12s<\/p>\n<p>15m0s<br \/>\n15m40s<br \/>\n15m25s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokud se \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed spoj\u00ed se zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm na lzo, v\u00fdsledek je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/38\/cz\/tb\/38cztb4tuzxtgsorc6uysied59k.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/0e5ff5e133acd8710177c27f2fc3c202.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>18m2s<br \/>\n18m15s<br \/>\n18m12s<\/p>\n<p>5m13s<br \/>\n5m24s<br \/>\n5m20s<\/p>\n<p>8m48s<br \/>\n9m3s<br \/>\nVelikost v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho repozit\u00e1\u0159e byla relativn\u011b stejn\u00e1 a \u010dinila 13 GB. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee deduplikace funguje spr\u00e1vn\u011b. Tak\u00e9 aplikace lzo na ji\u017e komprimovan\u00fdch datech m\u00e1 zna\u010dn\u00fd efekt; celkov\u00fd \u010das pr\u00e1ce zbackup se p\u0159ibli\u017euje duplicity\/duplicati, av\u0161ak zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 za syst\u00e9my zalo\u017een\u00fdmi na librsync o 2-5 kr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdhody jsou z\u0159ejm\u00e9 \u2013 \u00faspora diskov\u00e9ho prostoru na serveru pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed. Co se t\u00fd\u010de n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro kontrolu repozit\u00e1\u0159e \u2013 autorem zbackup nejsou p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1ny, doporu\u010duje se pou\u017e\u00edvat odoln\u00fd diskov\u00fd pole nebo cloudov\u00e9ho poskytovatele.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u011b zanech\u00e1v\u00e1 velmi dobr\u00fd dojem, i p\u0159esto, \u017ee projekt u\u017e asi 3 roky stagnuje (posledn\u00ed po\u017eadavek na nov\u00e9 funkce byl p\u0159ed rokem, ale bez odpov\u011bdi).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed borgbackup<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"testirovanie-borgbackup\">Borgbackup je fork attic, dal\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00fd syst\u00e9m k zbackup. Naps\u00e1n v pythonu, m\u00e1 podobn\u00fd seznam funkc\u00ed jako zbackup, ale nav\u00edc um\u00ed:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zmountovat z\u00e1lohy p\u0159es fuse<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kontrolovat obsah repozit\u00e1\u0159e<\/li>\n<li>Pracovat v klient-server re\u017eimu<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 kompresory pro data a tak\u00e9 heuristicky ur\u010dovat typ souboru p\u0159i jeho kompresi.<\/li>\n<li>2 varianty \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, aes a blake<\/li>\n<li>Vestav\u011bn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro<\/li>\n<li>kontrolu v\u00fdkonu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">borgbackup benchmark crud ssh:\/\/backup_server\/repo\/path local_dir<\/b><\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky dopadly takto:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>C-Z-BIG 96.51 MB\/s (10<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>100.00 MB all-zero files: 10.36s) <em> R-Z-BIG 57.22 MB\/s (10<br \/>\n100.00 MB all-zero files: 17.48s) <\/em> U-Z-BIG 253.63 MB\/s (10<br \/>\n100.00 MB all-zero files: 3.94s) <em> D-Z-BIG 351.06 MB\/s (10<br \/>\n100.00 MB all-zero files: 2.85s) <\/em> C-R-BIG 34.30 MB\/s (10<br \/>\n100.00 MB random files: 29.15s) <em> R-R-BIG 60.69 MB\/s (10<br \/>\n100.00 MB random files: 16.48s) <\/em> U-R-BIG 311.06 MB\/s (10<br \/>\n100.00 MB random files: 3.21s) <em> D-R-BIG 72.63 MB\/s (10<br \/>\n100.00 MB random files: 13.77s) <\/em> C-Z-MEDIUM 108.59 MB\/s (1000<br \/>\n1.00 MB all-zero files: 9.21s) <em> R-Z-MEDIUM 76.16 MB\/s (1000<br \/>\n1.00 MB all-zero files: 13.13s) <\/em> U-Z-MEDIUM 331.27 MB\/s (1000<br \/>\n1.00 MB all-zero files: 3.02s) <em> D-Z-MEDIUM 387.36 MB\/s (1000<br \/>\n1.00 MB all-zero files: 2.58s) <\/em> C-R-MEDIUM 37.80 MB\/s (1000<br \/>\n1.00 MB random files: 26.45s) <em> 1,00 MB n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch soubor\u016f: 26,45 s)<br \/>\nR-R-MEDIUM 68.90 MB\/s (1000 <\/em> 1.00 MB n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 soubory: 14.51s)<br \/>\nU-R-MEDIUM 347.24 MB\/s (1000 <em> 1.00 MB n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 soubory: 2.88s)<br \/>\nD-R-MEDIUM 48.80 MB\/s (1000 <\/em> 1.00 MB n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 soubory: 20.49s)<br \/>\nC-Z-SMALL 11.72 MB\/s (10000 <em> 10.00 kB v\u0161echny nuly: 8.53s)<br \/>\nR-Z-SMALL 32.57 MB\/s (10000 <\/em> 10.00 kB v\u0161echny nuly: 3.07s)<br \/>\nU-Z-SMALL 19.37 MB\/s (10000 <em> 10.00 kB v\u0161echny nuly: 5.16s)<br \/>\nD-Z-SMALL 33.71 MB\/s (10000 <\/em> 10.00 kB v\u0161echny nuly: 2.97s)<br \/>\nC-R-SMALL 6.85 MB\/s (10000 <em> 10.00 kB n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 soubory: 14.60s)<br \/>\nR-R-SMALL 31.27 MB\/s (10000 <\/em> 10.00 kB n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 soubory: 3.20s)<br \/>\nU-R-SMALL 12.28 MB\/s (10000 <em> 10.00 kB n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 soubory: 8.14s)<br \/>\nD-R-SMALL 18.78 MB\/s (10000 <\/em> 10.00 kB n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 soubory: 5.32s)<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed bude pou\u017eita heuristika p\u0159i kompresi s ur\u010den\u00edm typu souboru (compression auto) a v\u00fdsledky budou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">Nejprve zkontrolujme funkci bez \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/fe\/ep\/xm\/feepxmsoyorprvvt5h00tuj2spg.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/bcf7d2021a77dd5099b0b159defe2022.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>4m6s<br \/>\n4m10s<br \/>\n4m5s<\/p>\n<p>56s<br \/>\n58s<br \/>\n54s<\/p>\n<p>1m26s<br \/>\n1m34s<br \/>\n1m30s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokud povol\u00edme autorizaci repozit\u00e1\u0159e (re\u017eim authenticated), v\u00fdsledky budou podobn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/3c\/qe\/kx\/3cqekxviy9rzhafckbi0tidjxn4.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/6b4f28a5b464d2f2bf83f003d45be6dd.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>4m11s<br \/>\n4m20s<br \/>\n4m12s<\/p>\n<p>1m0s<br \/>\n1m3s<br \/>\n1m2s<\/p>\n<p>1m30s<br \/>\n1m34s<br \/>\n1m31s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i aktivaci \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed aes se v\u00fdsledky p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nezhor\u0161ily:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/oa\/yz\/zl\/oayzzliqw8zixlppy_idv2l8gzm.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/06a122bb3b7b1bdb86e82101b144a2ab.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>4m55s<br \/>\n5m2s<br \/>\n4m58s<\/p>\n<p>1m0s<br \/>\n1m2s<br \/>\n1m0s<\/p>\n<p>1m49s<br \/>\n1m50s<br \/>\n1m50s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A pokud zm\u011bn\u00edme aes na blake, situace se dokonce zlep\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/df\/kh\/ay\/dfkhayqoecs9hw_c_aj2fmxjkbu.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/f474e6870145ec0e15aec383b272b8ce.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>4m33s<br \/>\n4m43s<br \/>\n4m40s<\/p>\n<p>59s<br \/>\n1m0s<br \/>\n1m0s<\/p>\n<p>1m38s<br \/>\n1m43s<br \/>\n1m40s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jak je tomu u zbackup, velikost repozit\u00e1\u0159e byla 13 GB a dokonce o n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b, co\u017e je celkem o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9. Velmi pot\u011b\u0161ilo \u010dasov\u00e9 vyhodnocen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je srovnateln\u00e9 s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi na b\u00e1zi librsync, poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti. Tak\u00e9 pot\u011b\u0161ila mo\u017enost zad\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch parametr\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm prom\u011bnn\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e poskytuje v\u00e1\u017enou v\u00fdhodu p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed borgbackup v automatick\u00e9m re\u017eimu. Tak\u00e9 pot\u011b\u0161ila z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e p\u0159i z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed: podle z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee procesoru \u2014 borgbackup funguje v 1 vl\u00e1knu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebyly zji\u0161t\u011bny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed nev\u00fdhody.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"testirovanie-restic\">Testov\u00e1n\u00ed restic<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>I kdy\u017e je restic pom\u011brn\u011b nov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed (prvn\u00ed 2 kandid\u00e1ti byli zn\u00e1m\u00ed u\u017e od roku 2013 a star\u0161\u00ed), m\u00e1 velmi dobr\u00e9 vlastnosti. Naps\u00e1no v Go.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokud to srovn\u00e1me se zbackup, nav\u00edc poskytuje:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kontrolu integrity repozit\u00e1\u0159e (v\u010detn\u011b kontroly po \u010d\u00e1stech).<\/li>\n<li>Obrovsk\u00fd seznam podporovan\u00fdch protokol\u016f a poskytovatel\u016f pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh, stejn\u011b jako podpora rclone \u2014 rsync pro \"cloudov\u00e1\" \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed 2 z\u00e1loh mezi sebou.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159imontov\u00e1n\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159es fuse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u011b je seznam mo\u017enost\u00ed dost bl\u00edzk\u00fd k borgbackup, n\u011bkde v\u00edce, n\u011bkde m\u00e9n\u011b. Z rys\u016f \u2014 absence mo\u017enosti vypnut\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, a tud\u00ed\u017e, z\u00e1lohy budou v\u017edy za\u0161ifrovan\u00e9. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed tohoto SW:<\/p>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">V\u00fdsledky jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habrastorage.org\/webt\/tq\/k5\/xn\/tqk5xn1xknn33dydmslqofrjfvs.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/d5aa98b72f2a9918bfb3e9e963e4f71d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 1<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 2<br \/>\nSpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 3<\/p>\n<p>5m25s<br \/>\n5m50s<br \/>\n5m38s<\/p>\n<p>35s<br \/>\n38s<br \/>\n36s<\/p>\n<p>1m54s<br \/>\n2m2s<br \/>\n1m58s<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky pr\u00e1ce jsou tak\u00e9 srovnateln\u00e9 s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi zalo\u017een\u00fdmi na rsync a celkov\u011b jsou velmi bl\u00edzk\u00e9 borgbackup, av\u0161ak z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na procesor je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed (pracuje n\u011bkolik vl\u00e1ken) a podob\u00e1 se p\u00edlov\u00e9mu vzoru.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b program nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na v\u00fdkon diskov\u00e9ho subsyst\u00e9mu na serveru pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat, stejn\u011b jako tomu bylo u rsync. Velikost repozit\u00e1\u0159e byla 13 GB, stejn\u011b jako u zbackup nebo borgbackup, v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nejsou zji\u0161t\u011bny.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"rezultaty\">V\u00fdsledky<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u0161ichni kandid\u00e1ti maj\u00ed v z\u00e1sad\u011b podobn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, av\u0161ak s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi cenami. Nejl\u00e9pe se uk\u00e1zal borgbackup, trochu pomalej\u0161\u00ed byl restic, zbackup pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nem\u00e1 smysl za\u010d\u00ednat pou\u017e\u00edvat,<br \/>\na pokud ji\u017e je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n \u2014 zkusit p\u0159ej\u00edt na borgbackup nebo restic.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"vyvody\">Z\u00e1v\u011bry<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nejperspektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt restic, proto\u017ee m\u00e1 nejlep\u0161\u00ed pom\u011br mo\u017enost\u00ed k rychlosti pr\u00e1ce, ale nebudeme sp\u011bchat s obecn\u00fdm zhodnocen\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Borgbackup v z\u00e1sad\u011b nen\u00ed hor\u0161\u00ed, ale zbackup je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed nahradit. P\u0159esto pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed pravidla 3-2-1 lze zbackup st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edt. Nap\u0159\u00edklad jako dopln\u011bk k z\u00e1lohovac\u00edm n\u00e1stroj\u016fm zalo\u017een\u00fdm na (lib)rsync.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"anons\">Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/449282\/\">Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 1: Pro\u010d je z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, p\u0159ehled metod, technologi\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/452630\/\">Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 2: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00fdch na rsync<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454420\/\">Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 3: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed duplicity, duplicati<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454734\/#first_unread\">Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 4: P\u0159ehled a testov\u00e1n\u00ed zbackup, restic, borgbackup<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nZ\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 5: Testov\u00e1n\u00ed Bacula a Veeam Backup pro Linux<br \/>\nZ\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 6: Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed<br \/>\nZ\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00e1st 7: Z\u00e1v\u011bry<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><u>Autor publikace:<\/u> Pavel Demkovi\u010d<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/454734\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b (chunks), \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e. \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043d\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26337,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta 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