{"id":35281,"date":"2019-10-31T22:03:25","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:03:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/massovaya-ataka-na-uyazvimye-pochtovye-servery-na-osnove-exim\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:03:25","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:03:25","slug":"massovaya-ataka-na-uyazvimye-pochtovye-servery-na-osnove-exim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/massovaya-ataka-na-uyazvimye-pochtovye-servery-na-osnove-exim","title":{"rendered":"Hromadn\u00fd \u00fatok na zraniteln\u00e9 po\u0161tovn\u00ed servery zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Eximu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci ze spole\u010dnosti Cybereason varovali<\/a><\/noindex> administr\u00e1tor\u016fm po\u0161tovn\u00edch server\u016f o odhalen\u00ed masivn\u00edho automatizovan\u00e9ho \u00fatoku, kter\u00fd zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 kritickou zranitelnost<\/a><\/noindex> (CVE-2019-10149) v Exim, kter\u00e1 byla odhalena minul\u00fd t\u00fdden. B\u011bhem \u00fatoku se \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci sna\u017e\u00ed vykonat sv\u016fj k\u00f3d s pr\u00e1vy root a nainstalovat na server malware pro t\u011b\u017ebu kryptom\u011bn.<\/p>\n

Podle \u010dervnov\u00e9ho automatizovan\u00fdm pr\u016fzkumem<\/a><\/noindex> Pod\u00edl Exim \u010din\u00ed 57,05 % (p\u0159ed rokem 56,56 %), Postfix se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 na 34,52 % (33,79 %) po\u0161tovn\u00edch server\u016f, Sendmail \u2013 4,05 % (4,59 %), Microsoft Exchange \u2013 0,57 % (0,85 %). Podle informac\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> slu\u017eby Shodan je potenci\u00e1ln\u011b zraniteln\u00fdch v\u00edce ne\u017e 3,6 milionu po\u0161tovn\u00edch server\u016f v glob\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti, kter\u00e9 nebyly aktualizov\u00e1ny na posledn\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Exim 4.92. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 miliony potenci\u00e1ln\u011b zraniteln\u00fdch server\u016f je um\u00edst\u011bno v USA, 192 tis\u00edc v Rusku. Podle informac\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> spole\u010dnosti RiskIQ na verzi 4.92 ji\u017e p\u0159e\u0161lo 70 % server\u016f s Exim.<\/p>\n

\"Hromadn\u00fd<\/center><\/p>\n

Administr\u00e1tor\u016fm se doporu\u010duje urgentn\u011b nainstalovat aktualizace, kter\u00e9 byly ji\u017e minul\u00fd t\u00fdden p\u0159ipraveny distribucemi (Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, openSUSE<\/a><\/noindex>, Arch Linux<\/a><\/noindex>, Fedora<\/a><\/noindex>, EPEL pro RHEL\/CentOS<\/a><\/noindex>). V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je v syst\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edtomna zranitelnost verze Exim (od 4.87 do 4.91 v\u010detn\u011b), je nutn\u00e9 se ujistit, \u017ee syst\u00e9m ji\u017e nen\u00ed kompromitov\u00e1n, zkontrolovat crontab na podez\u0159el\u00e9 v\u00fdskyty a ujistit se o nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti dodate\u010dn\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f v adres\u00e1\u0159i \/root\/.ssh. O \u00fatoku m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 sv\u011bd\u010dit p\u0159\u00edtomnost v logu firewallu aktivity z hostitel\u016f an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr.tor2web.su, an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr.tor2web.io a an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr.onion.sh, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i stahov\u00e1n\u00ed malwaru. <\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed pokusy o \u00fatok na servery Exim byly zaznamen\u00e1ny<\/a><\/noindex> 9. \u010dervna. K 13. \u010dervnu \u00fatok na\u0161el<\/a><\/noindex> masov\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> charakter. Po zneu\u017eit\u00ed zranitelnosti se p\u0159es br\u00e1ny tor2web z skryt\u00e9ho slu\u017eby Tor (an7kmd2wp4xo7hpr) na\u010dte skript, kter\u00fd kontroluje p\u0159\u00edtomnost OpenSSH (pokud chyb\u00ed, nainstaluje<\/a><\/noindex>), m\u011bn\u00ed jeho nastaven\u00ed (umo\u017e\u0148uje<\/a><\/noindex> p\u0159\u00edstup s root a autentizaci pomoc\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f) a nastavuje pro u\u017eivatele root RSA kl\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/noindex>, kter\u00fd poskytuje privilegovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159es SSH.<\/p>\n

Po nastaven\u00ed zadn\u00edho otvoru do syst\u00e9mu se instaluje skener port\u016f pro identifikaci dal\u0161\u00edch zraniteln\u00fdch server\u016f. Tak\u00e9 se prov\u00e1d\u00ed hled\u00e1n\u00ed v syst\u00e9mu ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou odstran\u011bny v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. V posledn\u00ed f\u00e1zi se nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 a zapisuje do crontabu vlastn\u00ed miner. Miner se nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 jako ico-soubor (ve skute\u010dnosti je to zip archiv s heslem \u201eno-password\u201c), kter\u00fd obsahuje spustiteln\u00fd soubor ve form\u00e1tu ELF pro Linux se Glibc 2.7+.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Cybereason \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2019-10149) \u0432 Exim, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435. \u0412 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 root \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u041f\u041e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f Exim \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 57.05% (\u0433\u043e\u0434 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26492,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35281","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Masyvni \u00fatok na zraniteln\u00e9 po\u0161tovn\u00ed servery zalo\u017een\u00e9 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