{"id":35659,"date":"2019-10-31T22:05:38","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vypusk-pyoxidizer-dlya-upakovki-python-proektov-v-samodostatochnye-ispolnyaemye-fajly\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:05:38","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:38","slug":"vypusk-pyoxidizer-dlya-upakovki-python-proektov-v-samodostatochnye-ispolnyaemye-fajly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/vypusk-pyoxidizer-dlya-upakovki-python-proektov-v-samodostatochnye-ispolnyaemye-fajly","title":{"rendered":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed PyOxidizer pro balen\u00ed Python projekt\u016f do samostatn\u011b spustiteln\u00fdch soubor\u016f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159edstaven\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> prvn\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed utility PyOxidizer<\/a><\/noindex>, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje zabalit projekt napsan\u00fd v jazyce Python do formy samostatn\u00e9ho spustiteln\u00e9ho souboru, kter\u00fd zahrnuje interpret Pythonu a v\u0161echny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 knihovny a zdroje pro jeho chod. Takov\u00e9 soubory mohou b\u00fdt vykon\u00e1v\u00e1ny v prost\u0159ed\u00edch bez nainstalovan\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f Python nebo nez\u00e1visle na p\u0159\u00edtomnosti po\u017eadovan\u00e9 verze Pythonu. PyOxidizer tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee vytv\u00e1\u0159et staticky spojen\u00e9 spustiteln\u00e9 soubory, kter\u00e9 nejsou nav\u00e1z\u00e1ny na syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 knihovny. K\u00f3d projektu je naps\u00e1n v jazyce Rust a distribuov\u00e1no<\/a><\/noindex> pod licenc\u00ed MPL (Mozilla Public License) 2.0. <\/p>\n

Projekt je zalo\u017een na stejnojmenn\u00e9m modulu pro jazyk Rust, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje vkl\u00e1dat Python interpret do program\u016f napsan\u00fdch v Rustu pro vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Python skript\u016f. PyOxidizer nyn\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dil r\u00e1mec dopl\u0148ku pro Rust a je prezentov\u00e1n jako dostupn\u00fd pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed publikum n\u00e1stroj pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a distribuci samostatn\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f s Pythonem. Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed necht\u011bj\u00ed distribuovat aplikace jako spustiteln\u00e9 soubory, PyOxidizer poskytuje mo\u017enosti pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed knihoven, kter\u00e9 lze propojit s jak\u00fdmikoli aplikacemi pro vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed interpretu Python a pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho souboru roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pro koncov\u00e9 u\u017eivatele dod\u00e1n\u00ed projektu ve form\u011b jednoho spustiteln\u00e9ho souboru v\u00fdrazn\u011b zjednodu\u0161uje instalaci a zbavuje pr\u00e1ce s v\u00fdb\u011brem z\u00e1vislost\u00ed, co\u017e je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pro slo\u017eit\u00e9 projekty v Pythonu, jako jsou videeditory. Pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e aplikac\u00ed PyOxidizer umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u0161et\u0159it \u010das na organizaci dod\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace, bez nutnosti pou\u017e\u00edvat r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my.<\/p>\n

Pou\u017eit\u00ed navr\u017een\u00fdch sestav tak\u00e9 pozitivn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fdkon \u2014 soubory generovan\u00e9 v PyOxidizer se spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed rychleji ne\u017e p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho Pythonu d\u00edky vylou\u010den\u00ed importu a definice z\u00e1kladn\u00edch modul\u016f. V PyOxidizer se moduly importuj\u00ed z pam\u011bti \u2014 v\u0161echny vestav\u011bn\u00e9 moduly se ihned na\u010dtou do pam\u011bti a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed bez p\u0159\u00edstupu na disk. V testech se doba spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikace p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed PyOxidizer zkracuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na polovinu.<\/p>\n

Mezi ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed podobn\u00e9 projekty m\u016f\u017eeme zm\u00ednit: PyInstaller<\/a><\/noindex> (rozbal\u00ed soubor do do\u010dasn\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e a importuje moduly z n\u011bj), py2exe<\/a><\/noindex> (v\u00e1z\u00e1no na platformu Windows a vy\u017eaduje distribuci n\u011bkolika soubor\u016f), py2app<\/a><\/noindex> (v\u00e1z\u00e1no na macOS), cx-freeze<\/a><\/noindex> (vy\u017eaduje samostatn\u00e9 zabalen\u00ed z\u00e1vislost\u00ed), Shiv<\/a><\/noindex> a PEX<\/a><\/noindex> (vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek ve form\u00e1tu zip a vy\u017eaduj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost Pythonu v syst\u00e9mu), Nuitka<\/a><\/noindex> (kompiluje k\u00f3d, nikoli nezahrnuje interpretor), pynsist<\/a><\/noindex> (v\u00e1z\u00e1no na Windows), PyRun<\/a><\/noindex> (propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj bez vysv\u011btlen\u00ed princip\u016f fungov\u00e1n\u00ed).<\/p>\n

V aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdvojov\u00e9m st\u00e1diu m\u00e1 PyOxidizer ji\u017e implementovanou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funkcionalitu pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed spustiteln\u00fdch soubor\u016f pro Windows, macOS a Linux. Mezi dosud nedostupn\u00fdmi funkcemi se vyzdvihuje<\/a><\/noindex> neexistence typick\u00e9ho buildovac\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nemo\u017enost generace bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f ve form\u00e1tech MSI, DMG a deb\/rpm, probl\u00e9my s balen\u00edm projekt\u016f zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch slo\u017eit\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v jazyce C, absence p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f pro podporu dod\u00e1vky (\u201epyoxidizer add\u201c, \u201epyoxidizer analyze\u201c a \u201epyoxidizer upgrade\u201c), omezen\u00e1 podpora Terminfo a Readline, absence podpory verz\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch od Pythonu 3.7, absence podpory komprese zdroj\u016f, nemo\u017enost kroskompilace.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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