{"id":35926,"date":"2019-10-31T22:07:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:07:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/free-as-in-freedom-na-russkom-glava-5-rucheyok-svobody\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:07:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:07:36","slug":"free-as-in-freedom-na-russkom-glava-5-rucheyok-svobody","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/free-as-in-freedom-na-russkom-glava-5-rucheyok-svobody","title":{"rendered":"Free as in Freedom \u010desky: Kapitola 5. Potok svobody","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Free as in Freedom v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b: Kapitola 1. Osudov\u00e1 tisk\u00e1rna<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/noindex><\/noindex>
\n<\/p>\n

Free as in Freedom v ru\u0161tin\u011b: Kapitola 2. 2001: Hackerova odysea<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/noindex>
\n<\/p>\n

Free as in Freedom v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b: Kapitola 3. Portr\u00e9t hackera v ml\u00e1d\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/noindex>
\n<\/p>\n

Free as in Freedom \u010desky: Kapitola 4. Zbo\u017e\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed boha<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/noindex><\/p>\n

Potok svobody<\/h1>\n
\n

RMS: V t\u00e9to kapitole jsem opravil mnoh\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o m\u00fdch my\u0161lenk\u00e1ch a pocitech a zm\u00edrnil neopodstatn\u011bnou nep\u0159\u00e1telskost v popisu n\u011bkter\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed. Prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Williamse jsou uvedena v origin\u00e1ln\u00edm zn\u011bn\u00ed, pokud nen\u00ed uvedeno jinak.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Zeptejte se kohokoliv, kdo str\u00e1vil v\u00edce ne\u017e minutu ve spole\u010dnosti Richarda Stallmana, a v\u0161ichni v\u00e1m \u0159eknou p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jedno: zapome\u0148te na jeho dlouh\u00e9 vlasy, zapome\u0148te na jeho podivnosti, prvn\u00ed, co si v\u0161imnete, je pohled. Jen se jednou pod\u00edvejte do jeho zelen\u00fdch o\u010d\u00ed a pochop\u00edte, \u017ee vid\u00edte p\u0159ed sebou skute\u010dn\u00e9ho adepta.<\/p>\n

Nazvat Stallmana posedl\u00fdm \u2013 to je podce\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nekouk\u00e1 na v\u00e1s, on se d\u00edv\u00e1 skrze v\u00e1s. Kdy\u017e odvr\u00e1t\u00edte pohled z ohledu na slu\u0161nost, Stallmanovy o\u010di za\u010dnou p\u00e1lit va\u0161i hlavu jako dva laserov\u00e9 paprsky.<\/p>\n

Snad proto v\u011bt\u0161ina autor\u016f popisuje Stallmana v n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m stylu. V \u010dl\u00e1nku na Salon.com<\/em> za rok 1998 pod titulkem \u201eSv\u011btitel svobodn\u00e9ho softwaru\u201c Andrew Leonard ozna\u010duje Stallmanovy zelen\u00e9 o\u010di za \u201evyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edlu staroz\u00e1konn\u00edho proroka\u201c. \u010cl\u00e1nek z roku 1999 v \u010dasopise Wired<\/em> tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee Stallmanova bradka ho d\u011bl\u00e1 \u201epodobn\u00fdm Rasputinovi\u201c. A v Stallmanov\u011b souboru London Guardian<\/em> je jeho \u00fasm\u011bv nazv\u00e1n \u201e\u00fasm\u011bvem apo\u0161tola po setk\u00e1n\u00ed s Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161em\u201c.<\/p>\n

Takov\u00e9 analogie p\u016fsob\u00ed impozantn\u011b, ale neodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed realit\u011b. Maluj\u00ed jakousi nedosa\u017eitelnu, nadp\u0159irozenou bytost, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e skute\u010dn\u00fd Stallman je zraniteln\u00fd jako ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk. Sledujte jeho o\u010di chv\u00edli a pochop\u00edte: Richard v\u00e1s nehypnotizoval ani se v\u00e1m nezd\u011bsil, sna\u017eil se nav\u00e1zat o\u010dn\u00ed kontakt. Tak se projevuje Asperger\u016fv syndrom, jeho\u017e st\u00edn le\u017e\u00ed na Stallmanov\u011b psychice. Richardovi je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 interagovat s lidmi, nec\u00edt\u00ed kontakt, v komunikaci se mus\u00ed spol\u00e9hat na teoretick\u00e9 \u00favahy, nikoli na pocity. Dal\u0161\u00edm znakem jsou ob\u010dasn\u00e9 \u00faniky do sebe. Stallmanovy o\u010di, i p\u0159i jasn\u00e9m sv\u011btle, se mohou zastavit a vyblednout, jako o\u010di zran\u011bn\u00e9ho zv\u00ed\u0159ete, kter\u00e9 se chyst\u00e1 vydechnout.<\/p>\n

Poprv\u00e9 jsem se s t\u00edmto podivn\u00fdm pohledem Stallmana setkal v b\u0159eznu 1999 na \u201eLinuxWorld Conference and Expo\u201c v San Jos\u00e9. Byla to konference pro lidi a firmy spojen\u00e9 se svobodn\u00fdm softwarem, jak\u00fdsi \u201eve\u010der uzn\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c. Takov\u00fdm ve\u010derem byl i pro Stallmana \u2013 rozhodl se aktivn\u011b zapojit, p\u0159edat novin\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh projektu GNU a jeho ideologii.<\/p>\n

Tehdy jsem poprv\u00e9 z\u00edskal n\u00e1vod, jak jednat se Stallmanem, a to nev\u011bdomky. Stalo se to na tiskov\u00e9 konferenci p\u0159i vyd\u00e1n\u00ed GNOME 1.0, svobodn\u00e9ho grafick\u00e9ho desktopov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Ani\u017e bych to tu\u0161il, stiskl jsem Stallmanova citliv\u00e1 m\u00edsta, kdy\u017e jsem se zeptal: \u201eMysl\u00edte si, \u017ee zralost GNOME ovlivn\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Linux?\u201c<\/p>\n

\u201ePros\u00edm, p\u0159esta\u0148te naz\u00fdvat opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pouze Linuxem, \u2013 odpov\u011bd\u011bl Stallman a ihned m\u011b up\u0159en\u011b sledoval, \u2013 j\u00e1dro Linux je pouze malou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Mnoho utilit a aplikac\u00ed, z nich\u017e se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd naz\u00fdv\u00e1te pouze Linuxem, nebylo vyvinuto Torvaldem, ale dobrovoln\u00edky projektu GNU. Ti str\u00e1vili sv\u016fj osobn\u00ed \u010das, aby lid\u00e9 m\u011bli svobodn\u00fd opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Je nezdvo\u0159il\u00e9 a nev\u011bdom\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eet p\u0159\u00ednos t\u011bchto lid\u00ed. Proto v\u00e1s pros\u00edm: kdy\u017e mluv\u00edte o opera\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu, naz\u00fdvejte ho pros\u00edm GNU\/Linux.\u201c<\/p>\n

Zapsal jsem tento v\u00fdk\u0159ik do sv\u00e9ho report\u00e9rsk\u00e9ho bloku a zvedl hlavu, abych zjistil, \u017ee na m\u011b Stallman up\u00edr\u00e1 bez mrknut\u00ed pohled ve t\u0159pyt\u00edc\u00ed se tichosti. Nev\u011b\u0159\u00edcn\u011b se ozval dotaz jin\u00e9ho novin\u00e1\u0159e \u2013 v t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce u\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zazn\u011blo \u201eGNU\/Linux\u201c, a ne pouze \u201eLinux\u201c. Odpov\u00eddal Miguel de Icaza, v\u016fdce projektu GNOME, a teprve uprost\u0159ed jeho odpov\u011bdi Stallman kone\u010dn\u011b odvr\u00e1til pohled a po m\u00e9 p\u00e1te\u0159i prob\u011bhl mr\u00e1z \u00falevy. Kdy\u017e Stallman n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho k\u00e1r\u00e1 za chybu v n\u00e1zvu syst\u00e9mu, pot\u011b\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1s, \u017ee se ned\u00edv\u00e1 na v\u00e1s.<\/p>\n

Stollmanovy tir\u00e1dy maj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek: mnoz\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed naz\u00fdvat opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m jednodu\u0161e Linuxem. Pro Stollmana je vy\u010d\u00edtat lidem opomenut\u00ed GNU v n\u00e1zvu syst\u00e9mu jen praktick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak jim p\u0159ipomenout hodnotu projektu GNU. Nakonec Wired.com ve sv\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku srovn\u00e1v\u00e1 Richarda s Leninov\u00fdm bol\u0161evikem-revolucion\u00e1\u0159em, kter\u00e9ho pak vymazali z historie spolu s jeho \u010diny. Tak\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, zejm\u00e9na v r\u00e1mci n\u011bkter\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, se sna\u017e\u00ed zleh\u010dit v\u00fdznam GNU a jeho filozofie. N\u00e1sledovaly dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky, a a\u010dkoliv jen m\u00e1lo novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f p\u00ed\u0161e syst\u00e9m GNU\/Linux, v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich p\u0159esto vzd\u00e1v\u00e1 hold Stollmanovi za vytvo\u0159en\u00ed svobodn\u00e9ho softwaru.<\/p>\n

Po tom jsem Stollmana t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 17 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f nepotkal. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby byl je\u0161t\u011b jednou v Silicon Valley na srpnov\u00e9m show LinuxWorld 1999, a bez jak\u00fdchkoliv ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch vystoupen\u00ed obohatil akci svou p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed. Kdy\u017e p\u0159eb\u00edral od Fondu svobodn\u00e9ho softwaru cenu pojmenovanou po Linusovi Torvaldsovi za pr\u00e1ci pro blaho spole\u010dnosti, Stollman vtipn\u011b poznamenal: \u201eOdm\u011b\u0148ovat Fond svobodn\u00e9ho softwaru cenou pojmenovanou po Linusovi Torvaldsovi je jako ud\u011blovat cenu Povstaleck\u00e9mu alianci pojmenovanou po Hanovi Solovi.\u201c<\/p>\n

Ale tentokr\u00e1t Richardova slova nezp\u016fsobila medi\u00e1ln\u00ed rozruch. Uprost\u0159ed t\u00fddne se spole\u010dnost Red Hat, velk\u00fd v\u00fdrobce softwaru spojen\u00e9ho s GNU\/Linuxem, st\u00e1v\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnou prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm uveden\u00ed akci\u00ed na burzu. Tato zpr\u00e1va potvrdila to, co p\u0159edt\u00edm jen podez\u0159\u00edvali: \u201eLinux\u201c se st\u00e1val m\u00f3dn\u00edm slovem na Wall Street, jak\u00fdmi d\u0159\u00edve byly \u201eelektronick\u00fd obchod\u201c a \u201edot-com\u201c. Akciov\u00fd trh se bl\u00ed\u017eil sv\u00e9mu maximu, a proto v\u0161echny politick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky kolem svobodn\u00e9ho softwaru a otev\u0159en\u00e9ho k\u00f3du ustoupily do pozad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 proto na t\u0159et\u00edm LinuxWorldu v roce 2000 Stallman u\u017e nebyl. Kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9 jsem se podruh\u00e9 setkal s Richardem a jeho typick\u00fdm pronikav\u00fdm pohledem. Sly\u0161el jsem, \u017ee m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do Silicon Valley, a pozval jsem ho na rozhovor do Palo Alta. V\u00fdb\u011br m\u00edsta dodal rozhovoru n\u00e1dech ironie \u2013 krom\u011b Redmondu m\u00e1 jen m\u00e1lo m\u011bst v USA v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed cenu ve vlastnick\u00e9m softwaru ne\u017e Palo Alto. Bylo zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 sledovat, jak se Stallman se svou ne\u00fanavnou v\u00e1lkou proti sobeckosti a chamtivosti bude chovat ve m\u011bst\u011b, kde bezradn\u00e1 gar\u00e1\u017e stoj\u00ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b 500 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n

Podle Stallmanov\u00fdch pokyn\u016f se dost\u00e1v\u00e1m do s\u00eddla Art.net, neziskov\u00e9ho \u201evirtu\u00e1ln\u00edho sdru\u017een\u00ed um\u011blc\u016f\u201c. Toto s\u00eddlo je trochu opraven\u00e1 chatr\u010d za \u017eiv\u00fdm plotem na severn\u00edm okraji m\u011bsta. Tak ne\u010dekan\u011b obraz \u201eStallman v srdci Silicon Valley\u201c ztr\u00e1c\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00fd surrealismus.<\/p>\n

Stollmana nach\u00e1z\u00edm v temn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti, sed\u00ed u notebooku a \u0165uk\u00e1 do kl\u00e1vesnice. Jakmile vstoup\u00edm, v\u00edt\u00e1 m\u011b sv\u00fdmi 200-wattov\u00fdmi zelen\u00fdmi lasery, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u011b velmi klidn\u011b zdrav\u00ed, a j\u00e1 mu na opl\u00e1tku. Richard znovu sklop\u00ed o\u010di na obrazovku notebooku.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Free as in Freedom \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 1. \u0420\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440 Free as in Freedom \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 2. 2001: \u0425\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u044f Free as in Freedom \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 3. \u041f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0445\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Free as in Freedom \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 4. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0420\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0451\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0420\u041c\u0421: \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e \u043c\u043e\u0438\u0445 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Free as in Freedom v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b: Kapitola 5. Potok svobody | ProHoster","description":"Free as in Freedom v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b: Kapitola 1.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/free-as-in-freedom-na-russkom-glava-5-rucheyok-svobody","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Free as in Freedom \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 5. \u0420\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0451\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b | ProHoster","og:description":"Free as in Freedom \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c: \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 1.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/free-as-in-freedom-na-russkom-glava-5-rucheyok-svobody","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:07:36+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:07:36+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"35926","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-22 01:18:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 01:53:31","updated":"2026-01-22 01:18:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35926"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35926\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}