{"id":36741,"date":"2019-10-31T22:13:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/uvidet-pochti-nevidimoe-eshhe-i-v-tsvete-metodika-vizualizatsii-obektov-cherez-rasseivatel\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:13:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:13:29","slug":"uvidet-pochti-nevidimoe-eshhe-i-v-tsvete-metodika-vizualizatsii-obektov-cherez-rasseivatel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uvidet-pochti-nevidimoe-eshhe-i-v-tsvete-metodika-vizualizatsii-obektov-cherez-rasseivatel","title":{"rendered":"Vid\u011bt t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neviditeln\u00e9, je\u0161t\u011b i v barv\u011b: metodika vizualizace objekt\u016f skrz rozptylova\u010d","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Vid\u011bt
\n
\nJednou z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch schopnost\u00ed Supermana je superzrak, kter\u00fd mu umo\u017e\u0148uje zkoumat atomy, vid\u011bt ve tm\u011b a na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, a tak\u00e9 vid\u011bt skrz objekty. Tato schopnost se na obrazovk\u00e1ch z\u0159\u00eddkakdy demonstruje, ale existuje. V na\u0161\u00ed realit\u011b je nicm\u00e9n\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9 vid\u011bt skrz prakticky zcela nepr\u016fhledn\u00e9 objekty, vyu\u017eit\u00edm n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch trik\u016f. Av\u0161ak z\u00edskan\u00e9 sn\u00edmky byly v\u017edy \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9, a\u017e doned\u00e1vna. Dnes se sezn\u00e1m\u00edme s v\u00fdzkumem, v r\u00e1mci kter\u00e9ho v\u011bdci z Duke University (USA) dok\u00e1zali po\u0159\u00eddit barevn\u00fd sn\u00edmek objekt\u016f skryt\u00fdch za nepr\u016fhlednou zd\u00ed, pomoc\u00ed jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9ho sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho impulsu. Jak\u00e1 to je super-technologie, jak funguje a v jak\u00fdch oblastech m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017eita? O tom n\u00e1s informuje zpr\u00e1va v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 skupiny. Jdeme na to.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1klad v\u00fdzkumu<\/h3>\n

\nI p\u0159es v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 \"v\u00fdhody\" technologie vizualizace objekt\u016f v rozptylov\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch existuje \u0159ada probl\u00e9m\u016f s realizac\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie. Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee dr\u00e1hy foton\u016f proch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch rozpt\u00fdlen\u00edm se v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e vede k n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm vzor\u016fm. speckle*<\/i> na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b.<\/p>\n

\"Vid\u011bt
\nSpeckle*<\/b> je n\u00e1hodn\u00fd interferen\u010dn\u00ed vzor, kter\u00fd se tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 interferenci koherentn\u00edch vln, je\u017e maj\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze a\/nebo n\u00e1hodnou intenzitu. Nej\u010dast\u011bji vypad\u00e1 jako soubor sv\u011btl\u00fdch skvrn (bod\u016f) na tmav\u00e9m pozad\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

V posledn\u00edch letech bylo vyvinuto n\u011bkolik metodik vizualizace, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed obej\u00edt efekty rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed a extrahovat informace o objektu z vzoru speckle. Probl\u00e9m t\u011bchto metodik spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jejich omezenosti \u2014 je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt ur\u010dit\u00e9 znalosti o objektu, m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edstup k rozptylov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed nebo objektu atd.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b existuje daleko dokonalej\u0161\u00ed metoda, podle v\u011bdc\u016f, \u2014 vizualizace s efektem pam\u011bti (ME). Tato metoda umo\u017e\u0148uje vizualizaci objektu bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edch znalost\u00ed o n\u011bm nebo o rozptylov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Jak v\u00edme, ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 nedostatky, a metoda ME nen\u00ed v\u00fdjimkou. Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed vysoce kontrastn\u00edch speckle vzor\u016f a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch obraz\u016f mus\u00ed b\u00fdt osv\u011btlen\u00ed \u00fazkop\u00e1smov\u00e9, tj. m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 1 nm.<\/p>\n

Obelst\u00edt omezen\u00ed ME-metody je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9, av\u0161ak tyto triky se op\u011bt t\u00fdkaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k optick\u00e9mu zdroji nebo objektu p\u0159ed rozptylova\u010dem nebo p\u0159\u00edmo m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. PSF*<\/i>.<\/p>\n

PSF*<\/b> \u2014 funkce rozptylu bodu, popisuj\u00edc\u00ed obraz, kter\u00fd syst\u00e9m formov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bodov\u00e9ho zdroje sv\u011btla nebo bodov\u00e9ho objektu. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

V\u011bdci tyto metody pova\u017euj\u00ed za funk\u010dn\u00ed, ale ne dokonal\u00e9, proto\u017ee m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed PSF nen\u00ed v\u017edy mo\u017en\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad kv\u016fli dynamice rozptylova\u010de nebo jeho nedostupnosti p\u0159ed vizualiza\u010dn\u00ed procedurou. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, je co zlep\u0161ovat. <\/p>\n

Ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci v\u011bdci navrhuj\u00ed jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Demonstruj\u00ed n\u00e1m metodu prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed mnohospektr\u00e1ln\u00ed vizualizace objekt\u016f p\u0159es rozptylov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed pomoc\u00ed jedin\u00e9ho spekle-m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed monokromatickou kamerou. Na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch metod tato nevy\u017eaduje p\u0159edchoz\u00ed znalosti o PSF syst\u00e9mu \u010di spektru zdroje.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e1 metoda umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et vysoce kvalitn\u00ed obrazy c\u00edlov\u00e9ho objektu v p\u011bti dob\u0159e odd\u011blen\u00fdch spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1lech mezi 450 nm a 750 nm, co\u017e bylo potvrzeno v\u00fdpo\u010dty. V praxi se v\u0161ak zat\u00edm poda\u0159ilo dos\u00e1hnout vizualizace t\u0159\u00ed dob\u0159e odd\u011blen\u00fdch spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f mezi 450 nm a 650 nm a \u0161esti sousedn\u00edch spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f mezi 515 a 575 nm.<\/p>\n

Princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9 metody<\/h3>\n

\n\"Vid\u011bt
\nObr\u00e1zek \u010d. 1: lampa \u2014 prostorov\u00fd modul\u00e1tor sv\u011btla \u2014 rozptylova\u010d (s clonou) \u2014 k\u00f3dovac\u00ed apertura \u2014 prizm \u2014 optick\u00e9 rel\u00e9 (vizualizace 1:1) \u2014 monokromatick\u00e1 kamera.<\/i><\/p>\n

V\u011bdci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prvky jak\u00e9koli vizualizace p\u0159es rozptylova\u010d: objekt z\u00e1jmu (osv\u011btlen\u00fd zven\u010d\u00ed nebo vyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00e1m), rozptylova\u010d a detektor.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b jako v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch ME syst\u00e9mech, i v t\u00e9to studii je zkoum\u00e1n objekt, jeho\u017e \u00fahlov\u00e1 velikost se nach\u00e1z\u00ed uvnit\u0159 zorn\u00e9ho pole ME a ve vzd\u00e1lenosti u za rozptylova\u010dem. Po interakci s rozptylova\u010dem sv\u011btlo putuje vzd\u00e1lenost v, ne\u017e dopadne na detektor. <\/p>\n

B\u011b\u017en\u00e1 ME vizualizace pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 standardn\u00ed kamery, zat\u00edmco v t\u00e9to metod\u011b je pou\u017eit modul k\u00f3dovac\u00edho detektoru, kter\u00fd se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z k\u00f3dovac\u00ed apertury a optick\u00e9ho prvku v z\u00e1vislosti na vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce. C\u00edlem tohoto prvku je jedine\u010dn\u00e1 modulace ka\u017ed\u00e9ho spektroskopick\u00e9ho kan\u00e1lu p\u0159ed jejich slou\u010den\u00edm a p\u0159evodem na monochromatick\u00e9m detektoru.<\/p>\n

Nam\u00edsto jednoduch\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed n\u00edzkokontrastn\u00edho speklu, jeho\u017e spektroskopick\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly jsou neodd\u011bliteln\u011b sm\u00edch\u00e1ny, byla zaznamen\u00e1na spektromultiplexovan\u00e1 sign\u00e1l, kter\u00fd je dob\u0159e p\u0159izp\u016fsoben pro separaci.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci znovu zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich metoda nevy\u017eaduje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159edem zn\u00e1m\u00e9 charakteristiky nebo p\u0159edpoklady ohledn\u011b rozptylova\u010de nebo sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho zdroje.<\/p>\n

Po proveden\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed multiplexedn\u00edho speklu bylo pou\u017eito zn\u00e1m\u00e9 hodnoty T\u03bb (k\u00f3dovac\u00ed vzor z\u00e1visl\u00fd na vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce) pro individu\u00e1ln\u00ed rekonstrukci spektra v ka\u017ed\u00e9m spektroskopick\u00e9m p\u00e1smu.<\/p>\n

Ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtech a modelov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdci pou\u017eili ur\u010dit\u00e9 metody strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou pomoci p\u0159i realizaci d\u0159\u00edve neprojedn\u00e1van\u00e9 metody. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bylo pou\u017eito u\u010den\u00ed charakteristik\u00e1m \u0159\u00eddk\u00e9 matice pro reprezentaci spektra. <\/p>\n

U\u010den\u00ed charakteristik\u00e1m*<\/b> \u2014 umo\u017e\u0148uje syst\u00e9mu automaticky nal\u00e9zt reprezentace pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k identifikaci charakteristik p\u016fvodn\u00edch dat.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

V d\u016fsledku toho byla vytvo\u0159ena datab\u00e1ze, kter\u00e1 byla vy\u0161kolena na speklech z r\u016fzn\u00fdch konfigurac\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Tato datab\u00e1ze je dostate\u010dn\u011b zobecn\u011bn\u00e1 a nez\u00e1vis\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch objektech a rozptylova\u010d\u00edch zapojen\u00fdch do generov\u00e1n\u00ed masky I\u03bbx, y. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, syst\u00e9m se u\u010d\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozptylova\u010de, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed pou\u017eit v experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed konfiguraci, tedy syst\u00e9m k n\u011bmu nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup, jak si to v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci p\u0159\u00e1li.<\/p>\n

Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed speklek na ka\u017ed\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce byl pou\u017eit algoritmus OMP (orthogonal matching pursuit<\/i>).<\/p>\n

Nakonec, v\u00fdpo\u010dtem autokorelace ka\u017ed\u00e9ho spektroskopick\u00e9ho kan\u00e1lu nez\u00e1visle a inverz\u00ed autokorelace na ka\u017ed\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce byla z\u00edsk\u00e1na zobrazen\u00ed objektu. Z\u00edskan\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky na ka\u017ed\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce byly pot\u00e9 spojeny za \u00fa\u010delem vytvo\u0159en\u00ed barevn\u00e9ho zobrazen\u00ed objektu.<\/p>\n

\"Vid\u011bt
\nObr\u00e1zek \u010d. 2: postupn\u00fd proces vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed obrazu objektu.
\nTato metoda, podle jej\u00edch tv\u016frc\u016f, ne\u010din\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady o korelac\u00edch mezi spektr\u00e1ln\u00edmi kan\u00e1ly a vy\u017eaduje pouze p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee hodnota vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky je dostate\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1hodn\u00e1. Krom\u011b toho tato metoda vy\u017eaduje pouze informace o koduj\u00edc\u00edm detektoru, spol\u00e9haj\u00edc na p\u0159edb\u011b\u017enou kalibraci koduj\u00edc\u00ed apertury a p\u0159edem vy\u0161kolenou datovou knihovnu. Tyto vlastnosti \u010din\u00ed tuto vizualizaci velmi univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed a neinvazivn\u00ed. <\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky modelov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n

\nNejprve se pod\u00edvejme na v\u00fdsledky modelov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n

\"Vid\u011bt
\nObr\u00e1zek \u010d. 3<\/i><\/p>\n

Na obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e jsou uvedeny p\u0159\u00edklady multispektr\u00e1ln\u00edho sn\u00edmku dvou objekt\u016f po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch skrze rozptylova\u010d. Horn\u00ed \u0159ada na 3a<\/b> obsahuje objekt z\u00e1jmu, kter\u00fd se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z n\u011bkolika \u010d\u00edsel, zachycen\u00fdch jak v false color, tak v rozd\u011blen\u00ed podle spektr\u00e1ln\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. P\u0159i konstrukci objektu v false color je zobrazov\u00e1n profil intenzity ka\u017ed\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky v prostoru CIE 1931 RGB.<\/p>\n

Rekonstruovan\u00fd objekt (doln\u00ed \u0159ada na 3a<\/b>) jak v false color, tak z pohledu jednotliv\u00fdch spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f demonstruje, \u017ee tato metoda poskytuje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed vizualizaci s pouze minim\u00e1ln\u00edm k\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00fdm interakc\u00ed mezi spektr\u00e1ln\u00edmi kan\u00e1ly, co\u017e nehraje v\u00fdznamnou roli v procesu.<\/p>\n

Po z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed rekonstruovan\u00e9ho objektu, tj. po vizualizaci, bylo nutn\u00e9 zhodnotit p\u0159esnost t\u00edm, \u017ee se porovn\u00e1 spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed intenzita (pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 u v\u0161ech jasn\u00fdch pixel\u016f) skute\u010dn\u00e9ho objektu a rekonstruovan\u00e9ho (3b<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Na obr\u00e1zc\u00edch 3c<\/b> je skute\u010dn\u00fd objekt (horn\u00ed \u0159ada) a rekonstruovan\u00fd obraz (doln\u00ed \u0159ada) pro bu\u0148ku z lnu, a na 3d<\/b> je analyzov\u00e1na p\u0159esnost vizualizace.<\/p>\n

Pro hodnocen\u00ed p\u0159esnosti vizualizace bylo nutn\u00e9 vypo\u010d\u00edtat hodnoty koeficientu struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed podobnosti (SSIM) a vrcholov\u00e9ho pom\u011bru sign\u00e1lu k \u0161umu (pSNR) skute\u010dn\u00e9ho objektu pro ka\u017ed\u00fd spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed kan\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

\"Vid\u011bt
\n
\nTabulka v\u00fd\u0161e ukazuje, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd z p\u011bti kan\u00e1l\u016f m\u00e1 koeficient SSIM 0,8\u20130,9 a PSNR v\u00edce ne\u017e 20. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee i p\u0159es n\u00edzk\u00fd kontrast speklov\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ekryt\u00ed na detektor p\u011bti spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u00e1sem o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 10 nm dostate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b rekonstruovat prostorov\u011b-spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti zkouman\u00e9ho objektu. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, metodika funguje, nicm\u00e9n\u011b jde pouze o v\u00fdsledky modelov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro \u00faplnost v jejich oboru v\u011bdci provedli \u0159adu praktick\u00fdch experiment\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky experiment\u016f<\/h3>\n

\nJedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi modelov\u00e1n\u00edm a re\u00e1ln\u00fdmi experimenty je prost\u0159ed\u00ed, tedy podm\u00ednky, za kter\u00fdch se ob\u011b \u010dinnosti prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed. V prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b existuj\u00ed kontrolovan\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, ve druh\u00e9m - nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9, tedy jak to vyjde.<\/p>\n

Byly zva\u017eov\u00e1ny t\u0159i spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed kan\u00e1ly o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 8-12 nm se st\u0159edem na 450, 550 a 650 nm, kter\u00e9 v kombinaci s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi relativn\u00edmi hodnotami generuj\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum barev.<\/p>\n

\"Vid\u011bt
\nObr\u00e1zek \u010d. 4<\/i><\/p>\n

Na obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bno srovn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi skute\u010dn\u00fdm objektem (barevn\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno \u201eH\u201c) a rekonstruovan\u00fdm. \u010cas sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho p\u016fsoben\u00ed (expozice) byl nastaven na 1800 s, co\u017e umo\u017enilo dos\u00e1hnout SNR v rozmez\u00ed 60-70 dB. Tento ukazatel SNR, podle v\u011bdc\u016f, nen\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro experiment, ale slou\u017e\u00ed jakododate\u010dn\u00e9 potvrzen\u00ed funk\u010dnosti jejich metodiky, zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fdch objekt\u016f. Ve skute\u010dnosti, a nikoli v laboratorn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tato metoda mnohem rychlej\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Na horn\u00edm \u0159adu obr\u00e1zku \u010d. 4 je zobrazen objekt na ka\u017ed\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce (zleva doprava) a skute\u010dn\u00fd plnobarevn\u00fd objekt.<\/p>\n

Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 obdr\u017eet obraz re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho objektu, byla pou\u017eita kamera obsluhovan\u00e1 strojov\u00fdm u\u010den\u00edm s odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmi p\u00e1smov\u00fdmi filtry pro p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch slo\u017eek a z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed plnobarevn\u00e9ho obrazu sou\u010dtem v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd \u0159\u00e1dek obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e ukazuje vzory autokorelac\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho rekonstruovan\u00e9ho spektr\u00e1ln\u00edho kan\u00e1lu, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed multiplexovan\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, je\u017e slou\u017e\u00ed jako vstupn\u00ed data pro f\u00e1zi zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat.<\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed \u0159ada p\u0159edstavuje rekonstruovan\u00fd objekt v ka\u017ed\u00e9m spektr\u00e1ln\u00edm kan\u00e1lu, stejn\u011b jako rekonstruovan\u00fd barevn\u00fd objekt, tj. kone\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek vizualizace.<\/p>\n

Barevn\u00fd obr\u00e1zek ukazuje, \u017ee relativn\u00ed velikosti mezi spektr\u00e1ln\u00edmi kan\u00e1ly jsou tak\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, jeliko\u017e barva slou\u010den\u00e9ho rekonstruovan\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zku odpov\u00edd\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00e9 hodnot\u011b a koeficient SSIM p\u0159ekra\u010duje 0,92 pro ka\u017ed\u00fd kan\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0159ada potvrzuje toto tvrzen\u00ed, ukazuj\u00edc\u00ed srovn\u00e1n\u00ed intenzity skute\u010dn\u00e9ho objektu a rekonstruovan\u00e9ho. Data obou odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed ve v\u0161ech spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u00e1smech.<\/p>\n

Z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee ani p\u0159\u00edtomnost \u0161umu a potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch chyb modelov\u00e1n\u00ed nezabr\u00e1nila z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed obrazu vysok\u00e9 kvality, a v\u00fdsledky experiment\u016f se skv\u011ble shoduj\u00ed s v\u00fdsledky modelov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd experiment byl proveden s ohledem na rozd\u011blen\u00e9 spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed kan\u00e1ly. V\u011bdci provedli dal\u0161\u00ed experiment, ale ji\u017e se sousedn\u00edmi kan\u00e1ly, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b s kontinu\u00e1ln\u00edm spektr\u00e1ln\u00edm rozsahem 60 nm.<\/p>\n

\"Vid\u011bt
\nObr\u00e1zek \u010d. 5<\/i><\/p>\n

Skute\u010dn\u00fdm objektem byla p\u00edsmena \u201eX\u201c a znak \u201e+\u201c (5a<\/b>). Spektrum p\u00edsmene \u201eX\u201c je relativn\u011b rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 a kontinuitn\u00ed \u2014 mezi 515 a 575 nm, zat\u00edmco \u201e+\u201c m\u00e1 strukturovan\u00e9 spektrum, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 mezi 535 a 575 nm (5b<\/b>). Pro tento experiment byla expozice 120 s pro dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho (stejn\u011b jako d\u0159\u00edve) SNR 70 dB.<\/p>\n

Byl rovn\u011b\u017e pou\u017eit p\u00e1smov\u00fd filtr s \u0161\u00ed\u0159kou 60 nm nad cel\u00fdm objektem a doln\u00ed propusti nad znakem \u201e+\u201c. B\u011bhem rekonstrukce je 60 nm spektrum rozd\u011bleno do 6 sousedn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f s \u0161\u00ed\u0159kou 10 nm (5b<\/b>).<\/p>\n

Jak m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt na obr\u00e1zc\u00edch 5c<\/b>, v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky se skv\u011ble shoduj\u00ed se skute\u010dn\u00fdm objektem. Tento experiment uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edtomnost nebo absence spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch korelac\u00ed v m\u011b\u0159en\u00e9m speklu nem\u00e1 vliv na \u00fa\u010dinnost zkouman\u00e9 vizualiza\u010dn\u00ed metody. Sami v\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roli v procesu vizualizace, p\u0159esn\u011bji v jeho \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti, hraj\u00ed nejen spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed charakteristiky objektu, ale tak\u00e9 kalibrace syst\u00e9mu a detaily jeho k\u00f3dovac\u00edho detektoru.<\/p>\n

Epilog<\/h3>\n

\nV t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ci v\u011bdci popsali novou metodu multispektr\u00e1ln\u00ed vizualizace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rozptylova\u010de. Modulace spektra z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce pomoc\u00ed k\u00f3dovac\u00ed apertury umo\u017enila prov\u00e9st jedno multiplexovan\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a vypo\u010d\u00edtat spektrum pomoc\u00ed algoritmu OMP zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na strojov\u00e9m u\u010den\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Na p\u0159\u00edkladu barevn\u00e9ho p\u00edsmene \u201eH\u201c v\u011bdci uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na p\u011bt spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch fialov\u00e9, zelen\u00e9 a t\u0159em odst\u00edn\u016fm \u010derven\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje z\u00edskat rekonstrukci obrazu obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u0161echny barvy origin\u00e1lu (modrou, \u017elutou atd.). <\/p>\n

Podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jejich metodika u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 jak v medic\u00edn\u011b, tak v astronomii. Barva nese d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace ob\u011bma sm\u011bry: v astronomii - chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed zkouman\u00fdch objekt\u016f, v medic\u00edn\u011b - molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed bun\u011bk a tk\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V tuto chv\u00edli v\u011bdci zaznamenali pouze jeden probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobovat nep\u0159esnosti vizualizace, a to chyby modelov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vzhledem k pom\u011brn\u011b dlouh\u00e9 dob\u011b pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k proveden\u00ed procesu se mohou z \ud658\uacbdy objevit zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 budou m\u011bnit svoje korekce, kter\u00e9 nebyly zohledn\u011bny v p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9m st\u00e1diu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b se pl\u00e1nuje naj\u00edt zp\u016fsob, jak tuto problematiku vy\u0159e\u0161it, co\u017e umo\u017en\u00ed u\u010dinit popsanou vizualiza\u010dn\u00ed metodiku nejen p\u0159esnou, ale i stabiln\u00ed za jak\u00fdchkoli podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

P\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed off-topic:<\/b>

\r\n \"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center>
\nSv\u011btlo, barva, hudba a trio nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch modr\u00fdch \u201epodiv\u00edn\u016f\u201c na sv\u011bt\u011b (Blue Man Group).<\/i><\/p>\n

D\u011bkuji za pozornost, z\u016fsta\u0148te zv\u00eddav\u00ed a m\u011bjte skv\u011bl\u00fd v\u00edkend, kluci! \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

\nD\u011bkujeme, \u017ee s n\u00e1mi z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1te. L\u00edb\u00ed se v\u00e1m na\u0161e \u010dl\u00e1nky? Chcete vid\u011bt v\u00edce zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f? Podpo\u0159te n\u00e1s objedn\u00e1vkou nebo doporu\u010den\u00edm zn\u00e1m\u00fdm, 30 % sleva pro u\u017eivatele Habra na jedine\u010dn\u00fd analog entry-level server\u016f, kter\u00fd jsme pro v\u00e1s vymysleli:<\/b> Ve\u0161ker\u00e1 pravda o VPS (KVM) E5-2650 v4 (6 jader) 10GB DDR4 240GB SSD 1Gbps od 20 $ nebo jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b rozd\u011blit server?<\/a><\/noindex> (k dispozici varianty s RAID1 a RAID10, a\u017e 24 jader a a\u017e 40GB DDR4).<\/p>\n

Dell R730xd za polovinu ceny?<\/b> Jen u n\u00e1s 2 x Intel TetraDeca-Core Xeon 2x E5-2697v3 2.6GHz 14C 64GB DDR4 4x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100 TB od 199 $<\/a><\/noindex> v Nizozemsku! Dell R420 \u2014 2x E5-2430 2.2GHz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB \u2014 od 99 $!<\/b><\/b> \u010ct\u011bte o tom Jak postavit infrastrukturu podnikov\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy s pou\u017eit\u00edm server\u016f Dell R730xd E5-2650 v4 v hodnot\u011b 9000 eur za pakatel?<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Pro podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s nuancemi v\u00fdzkumu doporu\u010duji nahl\u00e9dnout do zpr\u00e1vy v\u011bdc\u016f<\/a><\/noindex> a dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly<\/a><\/noindex> k n\u00ed.<\/p>\n