{"id":36982,"date":"2019-10-31T22:15:09","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/za-i-protiv-tsenovoj-porog-dlya-org-vse-taki-otmenili\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:15:09","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:15:09","slug":"za-i-protiv-tsenovoj-porog-dlya-org-vse-taki-otmenili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/za-i-protiv-tsenovoj-porog-dlya-org-vse-taki-otmenili","title":{"rendered":"Pro a proti: cenov\u00fd strop pro .org byl nakonec zru\u0161en","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

ICANN povolila registr\u00e1torovi Public Interest Registry, kter\u00fd je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za dom\u00e9novou z\u00f3nu .org, samostatn\u011b regulovat ceny dom\u00e9n. Diskutujeme n\u00e1zory registr\u00e1tor\u016f, IT spole\u010dnost\u00ed a neziskov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly vyj\u00e1d\u0159eny v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b.<\/p>\n

\"Pro<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto \u2014 Andy Tootell<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Pro\u010d se zm\u011bnily podm\u00ednky<\/h2>\n

\nPodle z\u00e1stupc\u016f ICANN<\/a><\/noindex>, zru\u0161ili cenov\u00fd strop na .org \"z administrativn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f\". Nov\u00e1 pravidla postav\u00ed dom\u00e9novou z\u00f3nu pro organizace na stejnou \u00farove\u0148 s komer\u010dn\u00edmi.<\/p>\n

Ceny mohou dernier registr\u00e1to\u0159i stanovovat samostatn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Hovo\u0159\u00ed se o tom, \u017ee trh dom\u00e9n se stane homogenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a ceny se budou samoregula\u010dn\u011b ustalovat d\u00edky konkurenci registr\u00e1tor\u016f. V ICANN jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee toto rozhodnut\u00ed pom\u016f\u017ee p\u0159il\u00e1kat dodate\u010dn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed (organizace pravideln\u011b vyb\u00edr\u00e1 poplatky od registr\u00e1tor\u016f).<\/p>\n

Podle informac\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> The Register, v z\u00f3n\u011b .org je v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 milion\u016f dom\u00e9n a i nev\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sazby p\u0159inese zna\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstek p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f.<\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed ti, kte\u0159\u00ed podpo\u0159ili<\/h2>\n

\nRozhodnut\u00ed podpo\u0159ili z\u00e1stupci PIR a n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edch registr\u00e1tor\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad na podporu vystoupil<\/a><\/noindex> b\u00fdval\u00fd viceprezident Verisign (registr\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 za .com). Podle jej\u00edch slov zdrav\u00e1 konkurence umo\u017en\u00ed .org roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it publikum a zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny na trhu, kter\u00fd v sou\u010dasnosti barely p\u0159esahuje 5%.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 se domn\u00edv\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen v z\u00f3n\u011b .org ukon\u010d\u00ed praxi kybersquatters<\/a><\/noindex>, kdy lid\u00e9 levn\u011b skupuj\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed dom\u00e9n, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd nebo nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vztah k ur\u010dit\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed zna\u010dce, a pot\u00e9 je prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed majitel\u016fm pr\u00e1v (na TM) za nesoum\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 pen\u00edze.<\/p>\n

Ale v\u011bt\u0161ina je proti<\/h2>\n

\nV\u011bt\u0161ina IT spole\u010dnost\u00ed nesouhlas\u00ed s rozhodnut\u00edm a naz\u00fdv\u00e1 ho nepromy\u0161len\u00fdm a nezodpov\u011bdn\u00fdm. Analytici dotazovali tis\u00edce (tady<\/a><\/noindex> a tady<\/a><\/noindex>) neziskov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, registr\u00e1tor\u016f a u\u017eivatel\u016f internetu \u2014 v\u00edce ne\u017e 98% z nich se postavilo proti ICANN.<\/p>\n

Namecheap<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch registr\u00e1tor\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b \u2014 zaslal ICANN ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed dopis<\/a><\/noindex> s \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed sv\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed. Z\u00e1stupci registr\u00e1tora \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee zru\u0161en\u00ed cenov\u00fdch strop\u016f negativn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed \u010dinnost ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch organizac\u00ed \u2014 bude pro n\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 progn\u00f3zovat n\u00e1klady na \u00fadr\u017ebu. V d\u016fsledku toho utrp\u00ed sami registr\u00e1to\u0159i \u2014 klienti se jednodu\u0161e rozhodnou prodlou\u017eit dom\u00e9ny.<\/p>\n

V ICANN reagovali na kritiku slovy, \u017ee nov\u00e1 pravidla a konkurence naopak l\u00e9pe reguluj\u00ed ceny na trhu s dom\u00e9nov\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b organizace neposkytla ekonomick\u00e9 od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed, aby podpo\u0159ila sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor. Nav\u00edc, jak p\u00ed\u0161e<\/a><\/noindex> The Register, mezi \u010dty\u0159mi sty zam\u011bstnanci organizace nen\u00ed ani jeden ekonom.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nOdborn\u00edci uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee idea konkurence by mohla fungovat, pokud by firmy neust\u00e1le m\u011bnily dom\u00e9ny, a tato praxe by byla b\u011b\u017en\u00e1. Jen\u017ee tento proces se \u010dasto ukazuje jako n\u00e1kladn\u00fd a zdlouhav\u00fd. O ztr\u00e1t\u011b dom\u00e9nov\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na, kter\u00e9 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zna\u010dky spole\u010dnosti, ani nemluv\u011b, co\u017e m\u00e1 dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e port\u00e1l ServiceMagic.com zm\u011bnil dom\u00e9nu na HomeAdvisor.com, jeho n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvnost okam\u017eit\u011b poklesla o 20%<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Proti ICANN se postavily i neziskov\u00e9 organizace Electronic Frontier Foundation<\/a><\/noindex> (EFF) a Internet Commerce Association<\/a><\/noindex> (ICA), kter\u00e9 h\u00e1j\u00ed pr\u00e1va vlastn\u00edk\u016f dom\u00e9n. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee takov\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed by ICANN m\u011bla nejprve projednat s IT komunitou.<\/p>\n

\"Pro
\nFoto \u2014 Gemma Evans<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9my s dohodou se objevily i uvnit\u0159 ICANN. Spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rada neprov\u00e1d\u011bla form\u00e1ln\u00ed hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed k t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce. Jak , \u017ee pokud Google, Apple, Facebook a makl\u00e9\u0159i dat maj\u00ed povoleno prod\u00e1vat osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje klient\u016f bez jejich souhlasu, m\u011bla by m\u00edt tuto mo\u017enost i internetov\u00e1 poskytovatel\u00e9. Av\u0161ak stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee na feder\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni<\/a><\/noindex> insideri, v\u0161echna rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmali zam\u011bstnanci organizace, veden\u00ed jejich \u010dinnosti nebr\u00e1nilo. Existuje v\u0161ak n\u00e1zor, \u017ee t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 organizace sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159en\u00e9st odpov\u011bdnost na jin\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed ICANN<\/h2>\n

\nKrom\u011b zru\u0161en\u00ed cenov\u00fdch strop\u016f v .org, ICANN pl\u00e1nuje (str.82<\/a><\/noindex>) zav\u00e9st v t\u00e9to dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b mechanismy URS (Uniform Rapid Suspension System). Tyto mechanismy umo\u017en\u00ed firm\u00e1m rychle se vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s kybernetick\u00fdmi squatery, odesl\u00e1n\u00edm odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti registr\u00e1torovi.<\/p>\n

Proti tomuto rozhodnut\u00ed se ji\u017e se postavily<\/a><\/noindex> postavili \u010dlenov\u00e9 Electronic Frontier Foundation. Neziskov\u00e9 organizace \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky zna\u010dek v dom\u00e9n\u00e1ch .org, aby upozornily ve\u0159ejnost na souvisej\u00edc\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Term\u00edny na posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed v URS jsou v\u0161ak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 na to, aby se situace mohla d\u016fkladn\u011b prozkoumat. Tento mechanismus tak hroz\u00ed, \u017ee se stane n\u00e1strojem bezodkladn\u00e9 kontroly ze strany v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch korporac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pokud ICANN bude i nad\u00e1le p\u0159ij\u00edmat nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed, existuje pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee se bude muset vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s \u0159adou soudn\u00edch \u017ealob. Autor blogu Domain Name Wire je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee takov\u00e9 \u017ealoby jsou nevyhnuteln\u00e9, pokud organizace v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b nezm\u011bn\u00ed sv\u016fj sm\u011br.<\/p>\n

\nBlog poskytujeme slu\u017eby priv\u00e1tn\u00edho a hybridn\u00edho cloudu a pom\u00e1h\u00e1me firm\u00e1m \u0159\u00eddit IT slu\u017eby. O \u010dem p\u00ed\u0161eme na firemn\u00edm blogu:<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 IaaS, soukrom\u00e9 a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 cloudy pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n