{"id":37409,"date":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vhod-v-it-opyt-nigerijskogo-razrabotchika\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","slug":"vhod-v-it-opyt-nigerijskogo-razrabotchika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/vhod-v-it-opyt-nigerijskogo-razrabotchika","title":{"rendered":"Vstup do IT: zku\u0161enosti nigerijsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vstup do IT: zku\u0161enosti nigerijsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1b397545a7e927ace65eff072f1a8632.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u010casto mi kladou ot\u00e1zky o tom, jak za\u010d\u00edt kari\u00e9ru v oblasti IT, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm moje krajany \u2014 Nigerijce. Na v\u011bt\u0161inu t\u011bchto ot\u00e1zek nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u00e1t univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f, ale p\u0159esto se mi zd\u00e1, \u017ee pokud na\u010drtnu obecn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k debutu v IT, m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h4>Je nutn\u00e9 um\u011bt programovat?<\/h4>\n<p>\nV\u011bt\u0161ina ot\u00e1zek, kter\u00e9 dost\u00e1v\u00e1m od t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed vstoupit do IT v Nig\u00e9rii, se t\u00fdk\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b u\u010den\u00ed programov\u00e1n\u00ed. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee d\u016fvod spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve dvou aspektech:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jsem s\u00e1m v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159, tak\u017ee je docela logick\u00e9, \u017ee lid\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed moji radu ohledn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce s k\u00f3dem je dnes nejp\u0159ita\u017eliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kari\u00e9rn\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed v IT, alespo\u0148 tady u n\u00e1s. Mnoz\u00ed si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee krom\u011b n\u00ed neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 mo\u017enosti. K tomu p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 i to, \u017ee program\u00e1to\u0159i a jejich vedouc\u00ed maj\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed platy v pr\u016fmyslu po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPodle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 se hned pustit do k\u00f3du a usilovat o to, st\u00e1t se, jak se b\u011b\u017en\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \"technokratem\". Jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se bude sna\u017eit, m\u016f\u017ee ovl\u00e1dnout programov\u00e1n\u00ed a vykon\u00e1vat ho na profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni, ale mo\u017en\u00e1 to prost\u011b nepot\u0159ebujete.<\/p>\n<p>V IT existuje mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch kari\u00e9rn\u00edch cest, o kter\u00fdch tak\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za to p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let. N\u00ed\u017ee vyj\u00e1d\u0159\u00edm sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich a prozkoum\u00e1m, jak jsou perspektivn\u00ed z pohledu \u010dlov\u011bka \u017eij\u00edc\u00edho v Nig\u00e9rii.<\/p>\n<p>To je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd seznam alternativn\u00edch profes\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmou souvislost s programov\u00e1n\u00edm. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, o sv\u00fdch zku\u0161enostech pr\u00e1v\u011b jako program\u00e1torovi tak\u00e9 budu hovo\u0159it \u2014 pokud jste sem p\u0159i\u0161li pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli tomu, p\u0159ejd\u011bte do sekce \"A co programov\u00e1n\u00ed?\".<\/p>\n<h4>Mo\u017enosti pr\u00e1ce mimo programov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n<p>\n<b>Design<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Design je v IT pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161irok\u00fd pojem, ale obvykle, kdy\u017e mi lid\u00e9 kladou ot\u00e1zky o designu, mluv\u00ed o UI nebo o UX. Tyto dva aspekty zahrnuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum jev\u016f \u2014 zahrnuje v\u0161e, co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 vizu\u00e1ln\u00edch, hmatov\u00fdch a dokonce sluchov\u00fdch pocit\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i interakci s produktem.<\/p>\n<p>Ve velk\u00fdch organizac\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na tam, kde je dob\u0159e vyvinut\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m technologi\u00ed, jsou \u00fakoly UI a UX rozd\u011bleny mezi specializovan\u00e9 odborn\u00edky. Jeden designer \u2014 obvykle za\u010d\u00ednal jako univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed \u2014 se star\u00e1 pouze o ikony, jin\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 pouze animacemi. Takov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 specializace nen\u00ed pro Nig\u00e9rii typick\u00e1 \u2014 pr\u016fmysl je\u0161t\u011b nedos\u00e1hl zralosti, kter\u00e1 je pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 pro jej\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. Zde sp\u00ed\u0161e naraz\u00edte na univerz\u00e1ly, kte\u0159\u00ed zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed jak\u00e9koli \u00fakoly souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s UI a UX.<\/p>\n<p>Ve skute\u010dnosti jsou design\u00e9\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed se z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u011bnuj\u00ed i front-endu \u2014 co\u017e nen\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9. Ale nyn\u00ed se situace za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 m\u011bnit. St\u00e1le v\u00edce spole\u010dnost\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi, aby si mohly dovolit zam\u011bstn\u00e1vat specialisty, tak\u017ee na designu produkt\u016f pracuj\u00ed cel\u00e9 t\u00fdmy. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z toho, \u017ee prost\u011b ovl\u00e1dnout profesi design\u00e9ra a t\u00edm to omezit \u2014 je zcela funk\u010dn\u00ed strategie pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed kari\u00e9ry na nig\u00e9rijsk\u00e9m trhu.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed projekt\u016f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Project management je pot\u0159eba prakticky v ka\u017ed\u00e9 oblasti, tak\u017ee m\u016f\u017eete zkusit vyu\u017e\u00edt zku\u0161enosti a znalosti nabyt\u00e9 v jin\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed, abyste usp\u011bli v IT. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v \u00favahu, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich se mohou uk\u00e1zat jako neaktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, nemluv\u011b o tom, \u017ee mana\u017eer by m\u011bl rozum\u011bt i technick\u00fdm detail\u016fm projektu, kter\u00fd vede. Ale pokud si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee dob\u0159e zvl\u00e1d\u00e1te \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lid\u00ed, vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed dialogu a vym\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed efektivn\u00edch pracovn\u00edch sch\u00e9mat, zva\u017ete tuto mo\u017enost. <\/p>\n<p><b>Marketing a rozvoj podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Rozvoj podnik\u00e1n\u00ed je tak\u00e9 pom\u011brn\u011b nejasn\u00fd pojem. V technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech se j\u00edm zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed pracovn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed sleduj\u00ed, zda projekt vykazuje n\u011bjak\u00fd r\u016fst \u2014 a\u0165 u\u017e je to n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu odb\u011bratel\u016f, po\u010dtu objedn\u00e1vek, zhl\u00e9dnut\u00ed reklamy nebo jak\u00fdchkoli dal\u0161\u00edch ukazatel\u016f, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed tu hlavn\u00ed hodnotu, kterou produkt p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed. V tomto procesu jsou zapojeny nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dovednosti: propagace produktu, design, sb\u011br statistik, komunikace \u00fastn\u00ed a p\u00edsemnou formou, \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed projekt\u016f a tak d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n<p><b>Podpora u\u017eivatel\u016f<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Tato role obvykle nep\u0159itahuje pozornost lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed budovat kari\u00e9ru v IT. Vysv\u011btluji to t\u00edm, \u017ee obecn\u011b lid\u00e9 pracuj\u00edc\u00ed v podpo\u0159e v oblastech, kter\u00e9 nejsou technologick\u00e9, vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed m\u00e1lo. Tento fakt je vedlej\u0161\u00ed d\u016fsledkem toho, \u017ee nigerijsk\u00e9 organizace nep\u0159ikl\u00e1daj\u00ed velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam podpo\u0159e z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f a neinvestuj\u00ed do n\u00ed \u2014 v na\u0161\u00ed kultu\u0159e je siln\u011b zako\u0159en\u011bno po\u0159ekadlo \u201e<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@editieffiong\/manage-it-like-that-a-nigerian-story-faba59e9886b\">vymysli n\u011bco<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b jsem si za\u010dal v\u0161\u00edmat, \u017ee se p\u0159\u00edstup k podpo\u0159e a investic\u00edm do n\u00ed m\u011bn\u00ed \u2014 alespo\u0148 tento posun je patrn\u00fd v technologick\u00e9m ekosyst\u00e9mu. Mlad\u00e9 firmy pochopily, \u017ee Nigerijci sice mohou n\u011bjak p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt, ale pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed je lep\u0161\u00ed a ziskov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed poskytovat z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017enou pomoc. Ale i kdybychom tuto tendenci opustili, v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti uvedu dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d byste m\u011bli p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o kari\u00e9\u0159e v technick\u00e9 podpo\u0159e a dal\u0161\u00edch souvisej\u00edc\u00edch oblastech.<\/p>\n<h4>V\u00fdstup na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed trh<\/h4>\n<p>\nObrovskou v\u00fdhodou, kterou n\u00e1m internet d\u00e1v\u00e1, je to, \u017ee ma\u017ee hranice mezi zem\u011bmi, alespo\u0148 co se t\u00fd\u010de pr\u00e1ce a spolupr\u00e1ce. To, \u017ee sv\u00e9 dovednosti ve v\u0161ech zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch oblastech (a mnoha nezm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch) lze exportovat prac\u00ed na d\u00e1lku, znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nejsme omezeni popt\u00e1vkou po design\u00e9rech, pracovn\u00edc\u00edch digit\u00e1ln\u00ed sf\u00e9ry a mana\u017eerech pouze v Nig\u00e9rii.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje cel\u00e1 \u0159ada zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak vstoupit na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed trh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce na d\u00e1lku jako freelancer. Existuj\u00ed platformy, kter\u00e9 byly vytvo\u0159eny speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro tento \u00fa\u010del \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/toptal.com\/\">Toptal<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/gigster.com\/\">Gigster<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/upwork.com\/\">Upwork<\/a><\/noindex> a dal\u0161\u00ed. S\u00e1m jsem pracoval jako freelancer na Gigster v\u00edce ne\u017e dva roky. Tam tak\u00e9 pracovalo mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch specialist\u016f z Nig\u00e9rie \u2014 nejen program\u00e1tor\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 projektov\u00fdch mana\u017eer\u016f a design\u00e9r\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce na pln\u00fd \u00favazek na d\u00e1lku. Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b jsou roztrou\u0161eny startupy, jejich\u017e zakladatel\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed lidi bez ohledu na geografick\u00e9 faktory. O tom jasn\u011b sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed pracovn\u00ed port\u00e1ly jako <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/remoteok.io\/\">Remote|OK<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>Odjezd ze zem\u011b. Z m\u00e9ho pohledu je to nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed cesta, alespo\u0148 v na\u0161\u00ed zemi. Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do zahrani\u010d\u00ed pro n\u00e1s nen\u00ed snadn\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost, vzhledem k tomu, kolik toho mus\u00edme za\u0159\u00eddit a zaplatit, abychom z\u00edskali v\u00edza a povolen\u00ed \u017e\u00edt v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pokud zem\u011b nen\u00ed africk\u00e1. Ale je tu jeden plus: vyrazit za hranice Afriky by vlastn\u011b nemuselo b\u00fdt c\u00edlem. V Jihoafrick\u00e9 republice, Keni, Ghan\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch je dostatek firem, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. Je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 uznat, \u017ee mimo kontinent je jak popt\u00e1vka, tak platy vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVyb\u00edr\u00e1m si pro sebe pr\u00e1ci na d\u00e1lku z dvou d\u016fvod\u016f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>To je prakticky ide\u00e1ln\u00ed volba jak pro zam\u011bstnavatele, tak pro zam\u011bstnance. Zam\u011bstnanec m\u00e1 obvykle takov\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed: \u201eDva roky jsem se u\u010dil na internetu v\u0161e o technick\u00e9 podpo\u0159e, a oni mi nab\u00edzej\u00ed 25 000 nair\u201c. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, zam\u011bstnavatel, kter\u00fd je vzd\u00e1len tis\u00edce kilometr\u016f, si cen\u00ed jeho dovednost\u00ed a je naklon\u011bn ho najmout z finan\u010dn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f \u2014 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ho to vyjde levn\u011bji, ne\u017e anga\u017eovat lidi z jeho vlastn\u00edho regionu. Zn\u00ed to \u0161patn\u011b, ale ve skute\u010dnosti to nen\u00ed tak hrozn\u00e9. Absolutn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky ne v\u017edy ukazuj\u00ed, jak \u00farove\u0148 platu ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka. Je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu n\u00e1klady na \u017eivot v p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch regionech. Mo\u017en\u00e1 bude v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159em s platem 40 000 dolar\u016f na d\u00e1lku v Ibadan, ne\u017e vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat 100 000 dolar\u016f a \u017e\u00edt v San Francisku.<\/li>\n<li>Pokud vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1te pen\u00edze v jin\u00e9 m\u011bn\u011b a utr\u00e1c\u00edte je v Nig\u00e9rii, pak p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edte prosp\u011bch m\u00edstn\u00ed ekonomice.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>A co programov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h4>\n<p>\nZde je ot\u00e1zka nejnal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: \u201eCo vlastn\u011b studovat?\u201c. Slova \u201eps\u00e1t k\u00f3d\u201c zahrnuj\u00ed tolik v\u011bc\u00ed, \u017ee je snadn\u00e9 se ztratit a c\u00edtit se p\u0159ehlcen informacemi. Existuje mnoho programovac\u00edch jazyk\u016f a n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edvat r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm, a zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 samoukm\u011b, se obvykle zd\u00e1, \u017ee jsou bombardov\u00e1ni z ka\u017ed\u00e9 strany.<\/p>\n<p>Osvojte JavaScript, ale nem\u00edchejte jej s Javou, i kdy\u017e Java by tak\u00e9 nebyla \u0161patn\u00e1, pokud chcete pracovat se serverovou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na Androidu; nicm\u00e9n\u011b i pro serverovou \u010d\u00e1st a Android se JavaScript hod\u00ed, ale p\u016fvodn\u011b je ur\u010den pro prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de. Tak\u00e9 budete pot\u0159ebovat HTML, CSS, Python, Bootstrap (ale Bootstrap vlastn\u011b nikam nepat\u0159\u00ed... nebo ano?), React, Vue, Rails, PHP, Mongo, Redis, Embedded C, Strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed, Solidity a tak d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n<p>Dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va: takov\u00e9mu zmaten\u00ed se lze vyhnout. Loni jsem napsal <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/chunksofco.de\/front-end-vs-back-end-vs-client-side-vs-server-side-7a04b3ec8764\">pr\u016fvodce<\/a><\/noindex>, kde vysv\u011btluji z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy (\u010d\u00edm se li\u0161\u00ed backend od frontendu a klientsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st od serverov\u00e9), kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto objevuj\u00ed mezi program\u00e1tory \u2014 minim\u00e1ln\u011b u t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed webov\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem nebo mobiln\u00edmi aplikacemi.<\/p>\n<p>Tady je p\u00e1r tip\u016f:<\/p>\n<p>1. <b>Zamyslete se nad t\u00edm, jak\u00fd produkt byste cht\u011bli vytvo\u0159it.<\/b> Pochopit, co p\u0159esn\u011b byste se m\u011bli nau\u010dit, bude snaz\u0161\u00ed, pokud se pokus\u00edte p\u0159edstavit si kone\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek. Mo\u017en\u00e1 chcete v\u011bd\u011bt, jak vytvo\u0159it aplikaci pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f na Androidu. Mo\u017en\u00e1 u\u017e dlouho p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edte o tom, jak by bylo skv\u011bl\u00e9 napsat k\u00f3d pro sv\u016fj osobn\u00ed blog m\u00edsto pou\u017eit\u00ed hotov\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed od WordPress \u010di Medium. Nebo v\u00e1s mo\u017en\u00e1 neuspokojuje, jak v sou\u010dasnosti vypadaj\u00ed a funguj\u00ed online banky.<\/p>\n<p>Je jedno, \u017ee si n\u011bkdo mo\u017en\u00e1 u\u017e splnil to, co jste si stanovili jako c\u00edl. Nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee to nikdo krom\u011b v\u00e1s nebude pou\u017e\u00edvat. Nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee se my\u0161lenka zd\u00e1 ve va\u0161ich o\u010d\u00edch hloup\u00e1 nebo nerealistick\u00e1. Je to jen proto, abyste m\u011bli v\u00fdchoz\u00ed bod. Te\u010f m\u016f\u017eete j\u00edt do Googlu a napsat 'jak napsat k\u00f3d pro blog'.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak naj\u00edt v\u00fdchoz\u00ed bod, je zamyslet se, k\u00fdm vlastn\u011b byste cht\u011bli b\u00fdt. 'Chci se zab\u00fdvat strojov\u00fdm u\u010den\u00edm.' 'Chci b\u00fdt v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159em na iOS.' To v\u00e1m tak\u00e9 poskytne formulace, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete vygooglit: 'kurzy strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed'.<\/p>\n<p>2. <b>Postupn\u00e9 osvojen\u00ed materi\u00e1lu.<\/b> Prvn\u00ed kroky z v\u00fdchoz\u00edho bodu tak\u00e9 zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed pocit naprost\u00e9ho chaosu. D\u016fvodem je, \u017ee vytvo\u0159en\u00ed blogu od nuly, \u0159ekn\u011bme, vy\u017eaduje znalosti cel\u00e9 \u0159ady jazyk\u016f a n\u00e1stroj\u016f. Ale na za\u010d\u00e1tku by v\u00e1s to nem\u011blo znepokojovat.<\/p>\n<p>Pokra\u010dujme s p\u0159\u00edkladem z prvn\u00edho bodu. Tak\u017ee jsem do Googlu zadal \u201ejak napsat k\u00f3d pro blog\u201c a narazil na \u010dl\u00e1nek o tis\u00edci slovech, ve kter\u00e9m se objevily pojmy jako HTML\/CSS, JavaScript, SQL a tak d\u00e1le. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1m t\u00edm, \u017ee si vezmu prvn\u00ed slovo, kter\u00e9 mi nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, a za\u010dnu hledat informace pomoc\u00ed dotaz\u016f ve stylu \u201eco je HTML a CSS\u201c, \u201enau\u010dit se HTML a CSS\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>3. <b>Fokusovan\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed.<\/b> Zam\u011b\u0159te se. Nechte zat\u00edm v\u0161echno zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 stranou a za\u010dn\u011bte se z\u00e1klady. Seznamte se s pojmem HTML a CSS (nebo s t\u00edm, co jste m\u011bli) tak d\u016fkladn\u011b, jak jen m\u016f\u017eete, dokud nepoc\u00edt\u00edte, \u017ee tomu rozum\u00edte. U\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, proto\u017ee nev\u00edte, jak se to v\u0161echno aplikuje v praxi. Nep\u0159est\u00e1vejte. \u010casem se v\u0161e objasn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Jakmile skon\u010d\u00edte s prvn\u00edm nejasn\u00fdm term\u00ednem, m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159ej\u00edt na dal\u0161\u00ed \u2014 a tak d\u00e1l, do nekone\u010dna. Tento proces nikdy nekon\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>U\u010d\u00edme se u\u010dit<\/h4>\n<p>\nTak\u017ee jste se rozhodli vyzkou\u0161et sv\u00e9 s\u00edly v oblasti IT. Nyn\u00ed je t\u0159eba pochopit, jak p\u0159ekonat n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u00fazk\u00e9 m\u00edsto:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Naj\u00edt \u010das na u\u010den\u00ed a materi\u00e1ly s informacemi.<\/li>\n<li>Vyrovnat se s faktorem Nig\u00e9rie, tedy se v\u0161emi na\u0161imi nedod\u011blky, kv\u016fli kter\u00fdm je jak\u00fdkoliv krok pades\u00e1tkr\u00e1t obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00edskat pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 pl\u00e1nujeme na to v\u0161echno utratit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n\u0158eknu up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b: nem\u00e1m vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed odpov\u011bdi na ka\u017ed\u00fd bod. Ot\u00e1zka zdroj\u016f je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pal\u010div\u00e1, proto\u017ee\u2026 no, jsme v Nig\u00e9rii. Pokud chcete dos\u00e1hnout celosv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, va\u0161e podm\u00ednky jsou mnohem hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u konkurence. V\u011bt\u0161ina m\u00edstn\u00edch nem\u00e1 ani p\u0159\u00edstup k po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, spolehlivou dod\u00e1vku elekt\u0159iny a stabiln\u00ed internet. Osobn\u011b jsem nem\u011bl v\u0161echny t\u0159i, kdy\u017e jsem za\u010d\u00ednal svou kari\u00e9ru, a p\u0159itom situace u m\u011b byla je\u0161t\u011b daleko od nejhor\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina zdroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1le uvedu, se bude t\u00fdkat programov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2014 v tom se nejl\u00e9pe orientuji. Ale podobn\u00e9 platformy se snadno hledaj\u00ed i pro jin\u00e9 oblasti, o kter\u00fdch byla \u0159e\u010d.<\/p>\n<h4>Internet je va\u0161e v\u0161echno.<\/h4>\n<p>\nPokud u\u017e m\u00e1te st\u00e1l\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k internetu nebo si ho m\u016f\u017eete snadno dovolit, je to skv\u011bl\u00e9. Pokud ne, vyu\u017eijte co nejv\u00edce \u010dasu, kdy\u017e m\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edstup k s\u00edti. Nen\u00ed to ide\u00e1ln\u00ed varianta - p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proto, \u017ee v\u00e1s to zbavuje mo\u017enosti okam\u017eit\u011b hledat odpov\u011bdi na vypukl\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky - ale v\u011bt\u0161inu cvi\u010den\u00ed v programov\u00e1n\u00ed lze prov\u00e1d\u011bt i offline, pot\u00e9 co si st\u00e1hnete pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 programy a studijn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n<p>Kdykoli jsem m\u011bl p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost p\u0159ipojit se k internetu (nap\u0159\u00edklad v kancel\u00e1\u0159i, kde jsem byl na st\u00e1\u017ei, nebo na t\u00e9 lavi\u010dce u studentsk\u00e9ho koleje na Univerzit\u011b Lagos, kde byl dostupn\u00fd Wi-Fi), d\u011blal jsem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stahoval jsem v\u0161echny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 soubory pro instalaci a nastaven\u00ed program\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Stahoval jsem knihy, PDF dokumenty, videotutori\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 jsem pak studoval offline<\/li>\n<li>Ukl\u00e1dal jsem webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky. Pokud vid\u00edte tutori\u00e1l, kter\u00fd nestihnete prohl\u00e9dnout na cest\u00e1ch, ulo\u017ete celou webovou str\u00e1nku do po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Zdroje jako <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/learn.freecodecamp.org\/\">freeCodeCamp<\/a><\/noindex> nab\u00edz\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/freeCodeCamp\/freeCodeCamp\">repozit\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/noindex> kompletn\u00ed sady materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nMobiln\u00ed data se stala jedn\u00edm z m\u00fdch hlavn\u00edch v\u00fddaj\u016f. Dob\u0159e s nimi hospoda\u0159it, zejm\u00e9na pokud pl\u00e1nujete sd\u00edlet Wi-Fi s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem - to je dovednost, kterou je t\u0159eba si vybudovat. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed se ceny za data v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika letech sn\u00ed\u017eily.<\/p>\n<p><b>Ale p\u0159ece budu muset platit za knihy, tutori\u00e1ly a kurzy?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Ve skute\u010dnosti, ne. Na internetu je spousta bezplatn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/codecademy.com\/\">Codecademy<\/a><\/noindex> nab\u00edz\u00ed bezplatn\u00fd tarif. Na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/udacity.com\/\">Udacity<\/a><\/noindex> v\u0161echny kurzy krom\u011b nano\u00farovn\u00ed jsou zdarma. Mnoho z placen\u00e9ho je op\u011bt dostupn\u00e9 na YouTube. Na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/coursera.org\/\">Coursera<\/a><\/noindex> a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.khanacademy.org\/\">Khan Academy<\/a><\/noindex> m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 spoustu bezplatn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. A to je jen n\u011bkolik z tis\u00edc\u016f zdroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou na internetu dostupn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Nelze pop\u0159\u00edt: placen\u00fd obsah b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Te\u010f u\u017e to sice schvaluji v\u010das, ale d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsem pir\u00e1tsky stahoval knihy a videa, na kter\u00e9 jsem nem\u011bl pen\u00edze.<\/p>\n<p>A nakonec, nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1te k dispozici, je Google. Jen lehce jsem se dotkl vrcholku toho ledovce zdroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 tam m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt. Sta\u010d\u00ed hledat, co pot\u0159ebujete - a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b to tam bude.<\/p>\n<h4>K\u00f3d a design - pouze na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di<\/h4>\n<p>\nPokud ho u\u017e m\u00e1te, je to skv\u011bl\u00e9. Pokud ne, mus\u00edte se postarat o to, abyste ho z\u00edskali. Ale je tu dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va: na za\u010d\u00e1tku nepot\u0159ebujete nic p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 sofistikovan\u00e9ho, zejm\u00e9na pokud pl\u00e1nujete pracovat na webov\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji. Takov\u00e9to specifikace v\u00e1m pln\u011b posta\u010d\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Procesor 1,6 GHz<\/li>\n<li>RAM 4 GB<\/li>\n<li>Pevn\u00fd disk o velikosti 120 GB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nN\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho m\u016f\u017eete zakoupit n\u011bkde za 70 000 najr, mo\u017en\u00e1 i levn\u011bji, pokud kupujete z druh\u00e9 ruky. A ne, MacBook nepot\u0159ebujete.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed \u0161esti lety jsem se u\u010dil v\u00fdvoj na WordPress a kv\u016fli tomu jsem t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd den p\u016fj\u010doval notebook HP od kamar\u00e1da. Nau\u010dil jsem se nazpam\u011b\u0165, jak\u00e9 dny a hodiny m\u00e1 ve \u0161kole a kdy chod\u00ed sp\u00e1t \u2014 pou\u017e\u00edvat po\u010d\u00edta\u010d jsem mohl jen v t\u00e9 dob\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, tyto doporu\u010den\u00ed neplat\u00ed pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u2014 n\u011bkdo nebude moci najednou zaplatit 70 000 najr, n\u011bkdo nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00e1tele s notebookem a ochotu ho p\u016fj\u010dit. Ale je z\u00e1sadn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 naj\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k po\u010d\u00edta\u010di. <\/p>\n<p>Pokud nepl\u00e1nujete pracovat s designem nebo k\u00f3dem, pak je chytr\u00fd telefon skv\u011blou alternativou pro studium pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch t\u00e9mat. Ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem je to pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud m\u00e1te po\u010d\u00edta\u010d jen ob\u010das, m\u016f\u017eete mezit\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edt mobiln\u00ed aplikace, kter\u00e9 je velmi pohodln\u00e9 k osvojov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed na cest\u00e1ch. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed studovat i v offline re\u017eimu.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/news.codecademy.com\/codecademy-go-faq\/\">Codecademy Go<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.getpy.com\/mobile\">Py<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 dobr\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, jak se nau\u010dit k\u00f3dovat v mobiln\u00edm re\u017eimu<\/li>\n<li>Google vydal hezkou aplikaci <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yourprimer.com\/\">Primer<\/a><\/noindex>, s jej\u00ed\u017e pomoc\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete rozv\u00edjet dovednosti digit\u00e1ln\u00edho marketingu.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.khanacademy.org\/downloads\">KA Lite<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 aplikace, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje sledovat videa od Khan Academy v offline re\u017eimu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nJsem si jist\u00fd, \u017ee pokud se dob\u0159e pod\u00edv\u00e1te, tento seznam lze roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it.<\/p>\n<h4>Kde hledat pomoc<\/h4>\n<p>\nNen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat v\u0161echny obt\u00ed\u017ee osamocen\u011b. Zde je n\u011bkolik zdroj\u016f, kde v\u00e1m pomohou s u\u010den\u00edm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/andela.com\/\">Andela<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>: Platforma Andela \u0161kol\u00ed specialisty sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b a nav\u00edc je je\u0161t\u011b plat\u00ed. D\u00e9lka programu je \u010dty\u0159i roky, a b\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby se budete u\u010dit a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytv\u00e1\u0159et skute\u010dn\u00e9 produkty pro technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, co\u017e p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed velmi cenn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti.<\/li>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/paystack.com\/lambda\">Lambda School Africa Pilot<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>: \u0161kola Lambda za dev\u011bt m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ipravuje zdatn\u00e9 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b najdou pr\u00e1ci, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e od v\u00e1s nebudou vyb\u00edrat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 poplatky, dokud se n\u011bkde neuchyt\u00edte. Nyn\u00ed je Lambda <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/paystack.com\/lambda\">dostupn\u00e1 i v Africe<\/a><\/noindex>; spolupracuje s n\u00ed Paystack, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/buycoins.africa\/\">BuyCoins<\/a><\/noindex> (tady pracuji j\u00e1), Cowrywise, CredPal a dal\u0161\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Prvn\u00ed kolo je nyn\u00ed uzav\u0159eno, ale v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce, jsem si jist\u00fd, vyhl\u00e1s\u00edme nov\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/p\/cdeaac6fd79a\/edit\">Stipendium od IA<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>. Slavn\u00fd frontend v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 a spoluzakladatel m\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti BuyCoins <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/u\/f7f8398c3660?source=post_page---------------------------\">Ire Aderinokun<\/a><\/noindex> ka\u017ed\u00fd rok hrad\u00ed pro jednu \u017eenu jak\u00fdkoliv nanokurs na Udacity. To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b l\u00e1kav\u00e9, proto\u017ee jejich program neobsahuje pouze programov\u00e1n\u00ed: zahrnuje tak\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed podnikatelsk\u00e9 discipl\u00edny. Nyn\u00ed se \u017e\u00e1dosti nep\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed, ale pracuje se na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b druh\u00e9 iterace.<\/li>\n<li><b><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.resplash.academy\/\">Resplash<\/a><\/noindex><\/b>: bezplatn\u00fd program, kde \u017eeny se u\u010d\u00ed programov\u00e1n\u00ed pod veden\u00edm mentor\u016f. Zde se m\u016f\u017eete nau\u010dit nejen pracovat s k\u00f3dem, ale tak\u00e9 zakl\u00e1dat a \u0159\u00eddit startupy s podporou zku\u0161en\u00fdch zakladatel\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Dal\u0161\u00ed rady<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u011bnujte ka\u017ed\u00fd den \u010das u\u010den\u00ed a praxi.<\/li>\n<li>Aktivn\u011b hledejte to, co pot\u0159ebujete. N\u011bkde na internetu to ur\u010dit\u011b je. Tak\u017ee hledejte.<\/li>\n<li>Pokud \u010dasto odpojuj\u00ed elekt\u0159inu, zlep\u0161ete sv\u00e9 dovednosti v pr\u00e1ci s bateriemi telefonu a po\u010d\u00edta\u010de na maximum. J\u00e1 st\u00e1le zapojuji nab\u00edje\u010dky, p\u0159i prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti \u2014 zvykl jsem si na paranoidn\u00ed my\u0161lenky, \u017ee doma nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt sv\u011btlo.<\/li>\n<li>Jakmile dos\u00e1hnete \u00farovn\u011b, kde m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt jisti svou schopnost\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnout jak\u00e9koliv koncepty a t\u00e9mata, pokuste se naj\u00edt pr\u00e1ci na smlouvu \u2014 ta v\u00e1s p\u0159im\u011bje se v nich opravdu vyznat. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi nen\u00ed moc d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, kolik v\u00e1m plat\u00ed, zva\u017ete jak\u00e9koliv pen\u00edze jako p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd bonus.<\/li>\n<li>Vyjd\u011bte na ve\u0159ejnost. Dejte lidem najevo, \u017ee to mysl\u00edte v\u00e1\u017en\u011b. Toho m\u016f\u017eete dos\u00e1hnout r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby \u2014 vytvo\u0159te osobn\u00ed web, zapojte se do diskuz\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, p\u0159ipojte se k skupin\u00e1m na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch, pi\u0161te p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na blogy.<\/li>\n<li>Nevzd\u00e1vejte se.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/digital-ecosystems\/blog\/464753\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0432 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435 IT, \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u2014 \u043d\u0438\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0446\u044b. \u041d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438, \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044f \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043a \u0434\u0435\u0431\u044e\u0442\u0443 \u0432 IT, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u041e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0434? \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 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