{"id":38282,"date":"2019-10-31T22:22:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:22:45","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:45","slug":"debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii","title":{"rendered":"Debian se vrac\u00ed k ot\u00e1zce podpory v\u00edce inicializa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Sam Hartman, vedouc\u00ed projektu Debian, se sna\u017eil<\/a><\/noindex> se sna\u017e\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it rozpor souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s distribuc\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dku elogind v r\u00e1mci distribuce. V \u010dervenci t\u00fdm odpov\u011bdn\u00fd za p\u0159\u00edpravu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed zablokoval<\/a><\/noindex> za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed elogind do v\u011btev testing, nebo\u0165 tento bal\u00ed\u010dek konfliktuje s libsystemd. <\/p>\n

P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me, \u017ee elogind<\/a><\/noindex> poskytuje rozhran\u00ed nezbytn\u00e1 pro funk\u010dnost GNOME bez nutnosti instalace systemd. Projekt vznikl jako odvozenina systemd-logind, kter\u00e1 byla p\u0159evedena do samostatn\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku a zbavena vazeb na komponenty systemd. Krom\u011b toho elogind poskytuje svou variantu knihovny libelogind, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed \u0159adu funkc\u00ed nab\u00edzen\u00fdch v libsystemd a nahrazuje tuto knihovnu p\u0159i instalaci. <\/p>\n

Mezi d\u016fvody blokace byl uveden konflikt s bal\u00ed\u010dkem systemd a riziko nahrazen\u00ed libsystemd alternativn\u00ed variantou libelogind, kter\u00e1 je pln\u011b nekompatibiln\u00ed s p\u016fvodn\u00ed knihovnou na \u00farovni ABI.
\nBal\u00ed\u010dek elogind je ozna\u010den jako konfliktuj\u00edc\u00ed s knihovnami systemd, ale ve skute\u010dnosti je navr\u017een pouze na provoz bez systemd a konflikt se systemd dokonce p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed u\u017eitek, nebo\u0165 br\u00e1n\u00ed omylu p\u0159i instalaci elogind. Na druhou stranu, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m stavu pokusy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm APT aktualizovat konfiguraci ze systemd na variantu se sysvinit a elogind vedou k po\u0161kozen\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu<\/a><\/noindex> s nefunk\u010dn\u00edm APT. I p\u0159i odstran\u011bn\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159echod od systemd k elogind nemo\u017en\u00fd bez odstran\u011bn\u00ed ji\u017e nainstalovan\u00fdch u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i elogind m\u011bli navrhnuto<\/a><\/noindex> p\u0159izp\u016fsobit elogind pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed nad standardn\u00edm libpam-systemd, bez pou\u017eit\u00ed vlastn\u00edho rozhran\u00ed libpam-elogind. P\u0159echodu elogind na libpam-systemd br\u00e1n\u00ed nedostatek podpory konceptu slice, av\u0161ak v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i elogind necht\u011bj\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout pln\u00e9 shody API a p\u0159esn\u011b zopakovat v\u0161echny mo\u017enosti systemd, nebo\u0165 elogind poskytuje pouze minim\u00e1ln\u00ed funkcionalitu pro organizaci p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f a nem\u00e1 za c\u00edl replikovat v\u0161echny podsyst\u00e9my systemd.<\/p>\n

\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed popsan\u00fdch technick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f by m\u011blo b\u00fdt \u0159e\u0161eno na \u00farovni spolupr\u00e1ce t\u00fdmu vyd\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho verze a spr\u00e1vc\u016f elogind a systemd, ale vedouc\u00ed projektu musel zas\u00e1hnout, proto\u017ee se t\u00fdmy nedok\u00e1zaly dohodnout a spole\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce se zm\u011bnila v konflikt, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu se dostalo do slep\u00e9 uli\u010dky, kde m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 strana svou pravdu. Podle Sama Hartmana se situace bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed stavu, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje kon\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed (GR, general resolution), ve kter\u00e9m komunita rozhodne o alternativn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech inicializace a podpo\u0159e sysvinit s elogind.<\/p>\n

Pokud \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci projektu hlasuj\u00ed pro diverzifikaci syst\u00e9m\u016f inicializace, v\u0161ichni spr\u00e1vci budou zapojeni do vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto \u00fakolu nebo budou jmenov\u00e1ni specializovan\u00ed odpov\u011bdn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu, a spr\u00e1vcov\u00e9 ji\u017e nebudou moci ignorovat alternativn\u00ed syst\u00e9m inicializace, z\u016fst\u00e1vat v tichu nebo prodlu\u017eovat proces. <\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je v repozit\u00e1\u0159i ji\u017e se nahromadilo<\/a><\/noindex> 1033 bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, kter\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed servisn\u00ed jednotky pro systemd, ale nezahrnuj\u00ed skripty init.d. K vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu je nab\u00edzena<\/a><\/noindex> dod\u00e1vat v\u00fdchoz\u00ed souborov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, ale p\u0159ipravit zpracovatele, kter\u00fd automaticky analyzuje p\u0159\u00edkazy z t\u011bchto soubor\u016f a generuje na jejich z\u00e1klad\u011b skripty init.d.<\/p>\n

Pokud se komunita rozhodne, \u017ee v Debianu sta\u010d\u00ed podpora jednoho syst\u00e9mu inicializace, ji\u017e se nebude pot\u0159ebovat starat o sysvinit a elogind, a soust\u0159ed\u00ed se pouze na souborov\u00e9 jednotky a systemd. Takov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed negativn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed porty, kter\u00e9 nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed j\u00e1dro Linux (Debian GNU\/Hurd<\/a><\/noindex>, Debian GNU\/NetBSD<\/a><\/noindex> a Debian GNU\/kFreeBSD<\/a><\/noindex>), ale v hlavn\u00edm archivu zat\u00edm takov\u00e9 porty neexistuj\u00ed a nemaj\u00ed status ofici\u00e1ln\u011b podporovan\u00fdch<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

P\u0159ipojen\u00ed k systemd tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u011b zt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed zm\u011bnu sm\u011bru v\u00fdvoje distribuce v budoucnu a omez\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch experiment\u016f v oblasti inicializace a spr\u00e1vy slu\u017eeb. Udr\u017eovat elogind v pracovn\u00ed podob\u011b je mnohem jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e ho odstranit a pak se pokou\u0161et znovu p\u0159idat. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 mo\u017enost \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody, proto p\u0159ed hlasov\u00e1n\u00edm bude t\u0159eba d\u016fkladn\u011b prodiskutovat v\u0161echny argumenty pro a proti.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0421\u044d\u043c \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d (Sam Hartman), \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Debian, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 elogind \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 elogind \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 testing, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 libsystemd. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e elogind \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b GNOME \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 systemd. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Debian se vrac\u00ed k ot\u00e1zce podpory v\u00edce init syst\u00e9m\u016f | ProHoster","description":"Sam Hartman, vedouc\u00ed projektu Debian, se sna\u017eil vy\u0159e\u0161it spory spojen\u00e9 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