{"id":38891,"date":"2019-10-31T22:26:35","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sovmestnoe-setevoe-ispolzovanie-kriptograficheskogo-tokena-polzovatelyami-na-baze-usbip\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:26:35","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:35","slug":"sovmestnoe-setevoe-ispolzovanie-kriptograficheskogo-tokena-polzovatelyami-na-baze-usbip","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sovmestnoe-setevoe-ispolzovanie-kriptograficheskogo-tokena-polzovatelyami-na-baze-usbip","title":{"rendered":"Spole\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kryptografick\u00e9ho tokenu u\u017eivateli na z\u00e1klad\u011b usbip","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Vzhledem ke zm\u011bn\u011b legislativy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb (\u201eO elektronick\u00fdch d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch\u201c Ukrajina) se v podniku objevila pot\u0159eba, aby n\u011bkolik odd\u011blen\u00ed pracovalo s kl\u00ed\u010di um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdmi na tokenech (v sou\u010dasnosti je ot\u00e1zka po\u010dtu hardwarov\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f st\u00e1le otev\u0159en\u00e1).<\/p>\n

Jako n\u00e1stroj s minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi n\u00e1klady (bez\u00faplatn\u011b) okam\u017eit\u011b padla volba na usbip<\/a><\/noindex>. Server na Ubuntu 18.04 fungoval d\u00edky publikaci Zvl\u00e1d\u00e1me USB\/IP<\/a><\/noindex> a byl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b otestov\u00e1n na n\u011bkolika flash disc\u00edch (v t\u00e9 dob\u011b nebyl k dispozici token). Nebyly zji\u0161t\u011bny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, krom\u011b monopoln\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed (rezervace pro u\u017eivatele) v t\u00e9 dob\u011b. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu n\u011bkolika u\u017eivatel\u016f (alespo\u0148 dvou, na za\u010d\u00e1tek) je nutn\u00e9 rozd\u011blit jim p\u0159\u00edstup v \u010dase a donutit je pracovat na st\u0159\u00edda\u010dku.<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zka zn\u011bla: Jak s minimem obstrukc\u00ed zajistit, aby v\u0161echno fungovalo...
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Varianta hrub\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h1>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Spole\u010dn\u00e9
\n1. varianta<\/b>. N\u011bkolik zkratek k bat soubor\u016fm, a to konkr\u00e9tn\u011b
\na) P\u0159ipojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de.
\nb) V\u011bdom\u00e9 odpojen\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Punkt «b<\/b>» je sporn\u00fd, a proto bylo rozhodnuto poskytnout \u010das na pr\u00e1ci s kl\u00ed\u010dem v d\u00e9lce 3 minut.<\/p>\n

Specifikou klienta usbip je, \u017ee po jeho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 viset v konzoli, bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed konzolov\u00e9 relace lze spojen\u00ed zav\u0159\u00edt \u201ehrub\u011b\u201c ze strany klienta i ze strany serveru.<\/p>\n

\n Tady je to, co n\u00e1m fungovalo:<\/p>\n

prvn\u00ed: p\u0159ipojen\u00ed on.bat<\/i><\/b> <\/p>\n

usbip -a 172.16.12.26 4-1\nmsg * \"Token nen\u00ed dostupn\u00fd nebo je obsazen \"<\/code><\/pre>\n
druh\u00fd: odpojen\u00ed off.bat<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
ping 127.0.0.1 -n 180\ntaskkill \/IM usbip.exe \/F<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nne spol\u00e9haj\u00edce na sv\u011bdom\u00ed u\u017eivatele, byly skripty slou\u010deny do token.bat<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
on.bat | off.bat<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nCo se ukazuje: v\u0161echny soubory se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v jedn\u00e9 slo\u017ece, spou\u0161t\u00ed se souborem token.bat. Pokud je spojen\u00ed u u\u017eivatele uzav\u0159eno, okam\u017eit\u011b se zobraz\u00ed zpr\u00e1va o nedostupnosti kl\u00ed\u010de, v opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b a\u017e po 180 ping\u00e1ch. Uveden\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dky k\u00f3du lze vybavit «@ECHO OFF» a sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00edm konzole na «> nul», aby to u\u017eivatele p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161okovalo, ale pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed to nen\u00ed nezbytn\u00e9. Prvn\u00ed \"kolo\" na USB pam\u011bti uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee v\u0161e je p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011b spolehliv\u00e9 a p\u0159esn\u00e9. A ani na stran\u011b serveru nejsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 manipulace.<\/p>\n
\"Spole\u010dn\u00e9
\n
\nSamoz\u0159ejm\u011b, kdy\u017e jsme pracovali p\u0159\u00edmo s tokenem, v\u0161echno ne\u0161lo podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed: p\u0159i fyzick\u00e9m p\u0159ipojen\u00ed v spr\u00e1vci za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se token registruje jako 2 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (WUDF a \u010dipov\u00e1 karta), ale p\u0159i s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9m pouze jako WUDF (i kdy\u017e pro zad\u00e1n\u00ed PIN k\u00f3du to sta\u010d\u00ed).<\/p>\n
\"Spole\u010dn\u00e9
\n
\nTak\u00e9 se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee tvrd\u00fd \"taskkill\" nen\u00ed tak krut\u00fd a uzav\u0159en\u00ed spojen\u00ed na klientovi je problematick\u00e9, a i kdy\u017e se to poda\u0159ilo, nezaru\u010duje to uzav\u0159en\u00ed na serveru.<\/p>\n
Ob\u011btov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u0161ech konzol\u00ed na klientovi se druh\u00fd skript p\u0159etvo\u0159il na:<\/p>\n
ping 127.0.0.1 -n 180 > nul\ntaskkill \/IM usbip.exe \/F \/T > nul\nping 127.0.0.1 -n 10 > nul\ntaskkill \/IM conhost.exe \/F \/T > nul<\/code><\/pre>\n
\np\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho \u00fa\u010dinnost je m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 50 %, proto\u017ee server ne\u00faprosn\u011b pova\u017eoval spojen\u00ed za otev\u0159en\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Probl\u00e9my se spojen\u00edm vedly k my\u0161lenk\u00e1m na modernizaci serverov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti.<\/p>\n
Serverov\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st<\/h1>\n
\nCo je pot\u0159eba:<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. Odpojit neaktivn\u00ed u\u017eivatele od slu\u017eby.<\/li>\n
  2. Vid\u011bt, kdo pr\u00e1v\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 (nebo je\u0161t\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed) token.<\/li>\n
  3. Vid\u011bt, zda je token p\u0159ipojen k samotn\u00e9mu po\u010d\u00edta\u010di.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \nTyto \u00fakoly bylo rozhodnuto vy\u0159e\u0161it pomoc\u00ed slu\u017eeb crontab a apache. Diskretnost p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu sledov\u00e1n\u00ed bod\u016f 2 a 3 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bn na ramdrive. Do \/etc\/fstab byla p\u0159id\u00e1na \u0159\u00e1dka <\/p>\n
    tmpfs \/ram_drive tmpfs defaults,nodev,size=64K 0 0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nV ko\u0159enov\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i byla vytvo\u0159ena slo\u017eka script se skripty: odpojen\u00ed-mont\u00e1\u017e tokena usb_restart.sh <\/p>\n
    usbip unbind -b 1-2\nsleep 2\nusbip bind -b 1-2\nsleep 2\nusbip attach --remote=localhost --busid=1-2\nsleep 2\nusbip detach --port=00<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nz\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed seznamu aktivn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed usblist_id.sh<\/p>\n
    usbip list -r 127.0.0.1 | grep ':' |awk -F \":\" '{print $1}'| sed s\/' '\/\/'g | grep -v \"^$\" > \/ram_drive\/usb_id.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nz\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed seznamu aktivn\u00edch IP (s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm vylep\u0161en\u00edm pro zobrazen\u00ed identifik\u00e1tor\u016f u\u017eivatel\u016f) usbip_client_ip.sh<\/p>\n
    netstat -an | grep :3240 | grep ESTABLISHED|awk '{print $5}'|cut -f1 -d\":\" > \/ram_drive\/usb_ip_cli.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nsam crontab vypad\u00e1 takto:<\/p>\n
    *\/5 * * * * \/!script\/usb_restart.sh > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n* * * * * ( sleep 30 ; \/!script\/usblist_id.sh > \/dev\/null)\n* * * * * (sleep 10 ; \/!script\/usbip_client_ip.sh > \/dev\/null)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \nTak\u017ee m\u00e1me: ka\u017ed\u00fdch 5 minut se m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ipojit nov\u00fd u\u017eivatel, nez\u00e1visle na tom, kdo pracoval s tokenem. K http serveru je pomoc\u00ed symlink p\u0159ipojena slo\u017eka \/ramdrive, ve kter\u00e9 se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed 2 textov\u00e9 soubory, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed stav serveru usbip.<\/p>\n
    Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st: \u201eNep\u011bkn\u00e9 v obalu\u201c<\/h1>\n
    \nVarianta II.<\/b> Trochu pot\u011b\u0161it u\u017eivatele n\u011bjak\u00fdm m\u00e9n\u011b odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm rozhran\u00edm. Zat\u00edmco u\u017eivatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu Windows s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi frameworky a r\u016fzn\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy, m\u00e9n\u011b probl\u00e9mov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup ne\u017e Lazarus<\/a><\/noindex> jsem nena\u0161el (samoz\u0159ejm\u011b preferuji C#, ale ne v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b). Spou\u0161t\u011bt bat soubory z rozhran\u00ed lze i na pozad\u00ed, minimalizovan\u00e9, ale bez \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed, osobn\u011b se domn\u00edv\u00e1m: je t\u0159eba vizualizovat, aby se shrom\u00e1\u017edila u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 nespokojenost.<\/p>\n
    \"Spole\u010dn\u00e9
    \n
    \nRozhran\u00ed a softwarov\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st vy\u0159e\u0161ily n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fakoly:<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. Zobrazen\u00ed, zda je token v tuto chv\u00edli obsazen.<\/li>\n
    2. P\u0159i prvn\u00edm spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed s generov\u00e1n\u00edm \u201espr\u00e1vn\u00fdch\u201c bat soubor\u016f, kter\u00e9 realizuj\u00ed spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed sezen\u00ed pr\u00e1ce se serverem tokenu. P\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edch se realizuje \u201eservisn\u00ed\u201c re\u017eim na z\u00e1klad\u011b hesla.<\/li>\n
    3. Kontrola p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k serveru, na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledku se prov\u00e1d\u00ed jeho dotazov\u00e1n\u00ed na obsazenost nebo se zobrazuj\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o probl\u00e9mech. P\u0159i obnoven\u00ed spojen\u00ed program automaticky za\u010dne pracovat v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m re\u017eimu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \nPr\u00e1ce s WEB serverem byla realizov\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dodatkovoho n\u00e1stroje fphttpclient.<\/p>\n
      \r\n        \"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t\r\n        
      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center>
      \n      zde bude Odkaz na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed verzi klienta<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n
      existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed \u00favahy k t\u00e9matu \u010dl\u00e1nku, stejn\u011b jako \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fd prvotn\u00ed nad\u0161en\u00ed z produktu VirtualHere s jeho vlastnostmi...
      \n
      Zdroj:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u0412 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433 ( \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433\u0438\u00bb \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430), \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445 (\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442). \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u0431\u0435\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043d\u043e) \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 usbip. 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