{"id":39022,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","slug":"kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","title":{"rendered":"Spole\u010dnost Cloudflare implementovala modul pro podporu HTTP\/3 v NGINX","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Cloudflare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/experiment-with-http-3-using-nginx-and-quiche\/\">p\u0159ipravila<\/a><\/noindex>  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">modul<\/a><\/noindex> pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed podpory protokolu HTTP\/3 v NGINX. Modul je navr\u017een jako nadstavba nad rozv\u00edjenou knihovnou Cloudflare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50061\">quiche<\/a><\/noindex> s implementac\u00ed transportn\u00edho protokolu QUIC a HTTP\/3. K\u00f3d quiche je naps\u00e1n v jazyce Rust, av\u0161ak samotn\u00fd modul pro NGINX je naps\u00e1n v jazyce C a interaguje s knihovnou pomoc\u00ed dynamick\u00e9ho linkov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdvoj <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">otev\u0159eny<\/a><\/noindex> na z\u00e1klad\u011b licence BSD.<\/p>\n<p>Pro sestaven\u00ed sta\u010d\u00ed st\u00e1hnout <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/extras\/nginx\/nginx-1.16.patch\">patch<\/a><\/noindex> k nginx 1.16 a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\">k\u00f3d<\/a><\/noindex> knihovny quiche, po kter\u00fdch je pot\u0159eba sestavit nginx s mo\u017enostmi \u2014with-http_v3_module \u2014with-quiche=..\\\/quiche. P\u0159i sestaven\u00ed by podpora TLS m\u011bla vych\u00e1zet z knihovny BoringSSL (\u2014with-openssl=..\\\/quiche\\\/deps\\\/boringssl), pou\u017eit\u00ed OpenSSL zat\u00edm nen\u00ed podporov\u00e1no. Pro p\u0159\u00edjem spojen\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 do nastaven\u00ed p\u0159idat direktivu listen s p\u0159\u00edznakem \u201equic\u201c (nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201elisten 443 quic reuseport\u201c).<\/p>\n<p>Podpora HTTP\/3 byla ji\u017e p\u0159id\u00e1na do experiment\u00e1ln\u00edch sestaven\u00ed Chrome Canary a do n\u00e1stroje curl. Na stran\u011b serveru bylo st\u00e1le pot\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edvat omezen\u00e9, izolovan\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/examples\/http3-server.rs\">testovac\u00ed implementace<\/a><\/noindex>. Mo\u017enost zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed HTTP\/3 v nginx v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnadn\u00ed nasazen\u00ed server\u016f s podporou HTTP\/3 a u\u010din\u00ed testovac\u00ed implementaci nov\u00e9ho protokolu dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee standardn\u00ed podpora HTTP\/3 v nginx <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/openforum\/vsluhforumID3\/118512.html#64\">4. listopadu.<\/a><\/noindex> bude dostupn\u00e1 ve verzi 1.17.x b\u011bhem 6\u201312 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me, \u017ee HTTP\/3 standardizuje pou\u017eit\u00ed protokolu QUIC jako transportu pro HTTP\/2. Protokol <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chromium.org\/quic\/\">QUIC<\/a><\/noindex> (Quick UDP Internet Connections) se od roku 2013 vyv\u00edj\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed Google jako alternativa k kombinaci TCP+TLS pro web, \u0159e\u0161\u00edc\u00ed probl\u00e9my s dlouh\u00fdm \u010dasem na nastaven\u00ed a vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed v TCP a odstran\u011bn\u00ed zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i ztr\u00e1t\u011b paket\u016f b\u011bhem p\u0159enosu dat. QUIC je nadstavbou nad protokolem UDP, podporuj\u00edc\u00ed multiplexov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkolika spojen\u00ed a poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed metody \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, ekvivalentn\u00ed TLS\/SSL. <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1lmL9EF6qKrk7gbazY8bIdvq3Pno2Xj_l_YShP40GLQE\/preview?sle=true#\">vlastnosti<\/a><\/noindex> QUIC:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Vysok\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost, srovnateln\u00e1 s TLS (v podstat\u011b QUIC poskytuje mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed TLS nad UDP);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kontrola integrity toku, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje ztr\u00e1t\u011b paket\u016f;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enost okam\u017eit\u00e9ho nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed (0-RTT, v p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 75% p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f lze data p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et ihned po odesl\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00edho paketu) a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00edch zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed mezi odesl\u00e1n\u00edm po\u017eadavku a obdr\u017een\u00edm odpov\u011bdi (RTT, doba zp\u011btn\u00e9 cesty);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nepou\u017eit\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla sekvence p\u0159i op\u011btovn\u00e9m odesl\u00e1n\u00ed paketu, co\u017e eliminuje nejednozna\u010dnost p\u0159i ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ijat\u00fdch paket\u016f a zbavuje se \u010dasov\u00fdch limit\u016f;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Ztr\u00e1ta paketu ovliv\u0148uje doru\u010den\u00ed pouze souvisej\u00edc\u00edho toku a nezastavuje doru\u010den\u00ed dat v paraleln\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch toc\u00edch p\u0159es aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed spojen\u00ed;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00e1stroje pro opravu chyb, kter\u00e9 minimalizuj\u00ed zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 op\u011btovn\u00fdm p\u0159enosem ztracen\u00fdch paket\u016f. Vyu\u017eit\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edch chybov\u00fdch k\u00f3d\u016f na \u00farovni paket\u016f pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed situac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed op\u011btovn\u00fd p\u0159enos dat ztracen\u00e9ho paketu.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Hranice kryptografick\u00fdch blok\u016f jsou slad\u011bny s hranicemi paket\u016f QUIC, co\u017e sni\u017euje dopad ztr\u00e1ty paket\u016f na dek\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch paket\u016f;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s blokov\u00e1n\u00edm front TCP;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora identifik\u00e1toru spojen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 sni\u017euje \u010das pot\u0159ebn\u00fd k op\u011btovn\u00e9mu nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed pro mobiln\u00ed klienty;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enost p\u0159ipojen\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch mechanism\u016f \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spojen\u00ed;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pou\u017eit\u00ed techniky predikce \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky p\u00e1sma v ka\u017ed\u00e9m sm\u011bru pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed intenzity odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed paket\u016f, co\u017e zabra\u0148uje p\u0159echodu do stavu p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b paket\u016f;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  V\u00fdrazn\u00fd <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/web.cs.wpi.edu\/~claypool\/ms\/quic\/quic-thesis.pdf\">n\u00e1r\u016fst<\/a><\/noindex> v\u00fdkonu a propustnosti ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s TCP. Pro video slu\u017eby, jako je YouTube, prok\u00e1zal QUIC sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed operac\u00ed znovu vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem sledov\u00e1n\u00ed videa o 30%.\n<\/li>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51695\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 HTTP\/3 \u0432 NGINX. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 Cloudflare \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0439 quiche \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 QUIC \u0438 HTTP\/3. \u041a\u043e\u0434 quiche \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f NGINX \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri 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