{"id":39336,"date":"2019-10-31T22:30:33","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:30:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/opyt-sozdaniya-pervogo-robota-na-arduino-robot-ohotnik\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:30:33","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:30:33","slug":"opyt-sozdaniya-pervogo-robota-na-arduino-robot-ohotnik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/opyt-sozdaniya-pervogo-robota-na-arduino-robot-ohotnik","title":{"rendered":"Zku\u0161enosti s vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm prvn\u00edho robota na Arduinu (robot \"lovec\")","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Dobr\u00fd den.<\/p>\n

V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku chci popsat proces stavby sv\u00e9ho prvn\u00edho robota na Arduinu. Materi\u00e1l bude u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd i dal\u0161\u00edm nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016fm, jako jsem j\u00e1, kte\u0159\u00ed by cht\u011bli vyrobit n\u011bjakou \u00abautonomn\u00ed platformu\u00bb. \u010cl\u00e1nek p\u0159edstavuje popis jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u00e1ce s m\u00fdmi dodatky k r\u016fzn\u00fdm nuanc\u00edm. Odkaz na fin\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u00f3d (pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ne \u00fapln\u011b ide\u00e1ln\u00ed) je uveden na konci \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n

\"Zku\u0161enosti
\n
\nPokud to \u0161lo, zapojoval jsem do pr\u00e1ce sv\u00e9ho syna (8 let). Co se n\u00e1m da\u0159ilo a co ne \u2014 tomu jsem v\u011bnoval \u010d\u00e1st \u010dl\u00e1nku, mo\u017en\u00e1 to n\u011bkomu p\u0159ijde vhod.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Obecn\u00fd popis robota<\/h2>\n

\nNejd\u0159\u00edve n\u011bkolik slov o samotn\u00e9m robotu (my\u0161lenka<\/b>). Necht\u011bl jsem na za\u010d\u00e1tku stav\u011bt nic typick\u00e9ho. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 byl soubor komponent\u016f docela standardn\u00ed \u2014 podvozek, motory, ultrazvukov\u00fd senzor, senzor \u010d\u00e1ry, LED diody, repr\u00e1\u010dek. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b tohoto \u201epol\u00e9vkov\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku\u201c jsem p\u0159i\u0161el s robotem, kter\u00fd hl\u00edd\u00e1 sv\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed. P\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed k naru\u0161iteli, kter\u00fd p\u0159ekro\u010dil \u010d\u00e1ru kruhu, a pot\u00e9 se vrac\u00ed do centra. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v t\u00e9to variant\u011b byla pot\u0159eba nakreslen\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ra a tak\u00e9 trochu matematiky, abych neust\u00e1le z\u016fstal v kruhu.<\/p>\n

Proto po n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u00favah\u00e1ch jsem trochu zm\u011bnil my\u0161lenku a rozhodl se postavit robota-\u201elovce\u201c. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku se ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed kolem sv\u00e9 osy, vyb\u00edr\u00e1 si bl\u00edzk\u00fd c\u00edl (\u010dlov\u011bka). Pokud je \u201eobe\u0165\u201c nalezena, \u201elovec\u201c zapne maj\u00e1k a sir\u00e9nu a za\u010dne se k n\u00ed sunout. Kdy\u017e se \u010dlov\u011bk vzd\u00e1l\u00ed\/odb\u011bhne, robot si vyb\u00edr\u00e1 novou c\u00edl a pron\u00e1sleduje ho, a tak d\u00e1le. Takov\u00e9mu robotu nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba omezen\u00fd kruh, m\u016f\u017ee fungovat na otev\u0159en\u00e9m prostranstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jak vid\u00edte, je to do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry podobn\u00e9 h\u0159e na \"nah\u00e1n\u011b\u010dku\". A\u010dkoliv robot nakonec nebyl dostate\u010dn\u011b hbit\u00fd, up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b interaguje s lidmi kolem n\u011bj. D\u011btem se to obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b l\u00edb\u00ed (n\u011bkdy se zd\u00e1, \u017ee ho brzy roz\u0161l\u00e1pnou, a\u017e se srdce sv\u00edr\u00e1...). Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je to dobr\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro popularizaci technick\u00e9ho konstrukce.<\/p>\n

Struktura robota<\/h2>\n

\nTak\u017ee jsme se dohodli na my\u0161lence, p\u0159ejdeme k uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b>. Seznam prvk\u016f se tvo\u0159\u00ed z toho, co by robot m\u011bl um\u011bt. Tady je to docela jasn\u00e9, tak\u017ee se hned pod\u00edv\u00e1me na \u010d\u00edslov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n

\"Zku\u0161enosti
\n
\nMozky robota \u2014 deska Arduino Uno (1); byla v objednan\u00e9m soupravn\u00e9m balen\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny. Pro na\u0161e \u00fa\u010dely je to zcela dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed (s orientac\u00ed na po\u010det pou\u017eit\u00fdch pin\u016f). Z t\u00e9to soupravy jsme vzali hotov\u00e9 \u0161asi (2), na kter\u00e9 jsou upevn\u011bna dv\u011b hnac\u00ed kola (3) a jedno zadn\u00ed (voln\u011b rotuj\u00edc\u00ed) (4). Tak\u00e9 v sad\u011b byl hotov\u00fd bateriov\u00fd box (5). Vp\u0159edu robota je ultrazvukov\u00fd senzor (HC-SR04) (6), vzadu \u2014 ovlada\u010d motor\u016f (L298N) (7), na st\u0159edu \u2014 blikaj\u00edc\u00ed LED dioda (8), a kousek stranou \u2014 piezo reproduktor (9).<\/p>\n

V f\u00e1zi kompozice se d\u00edv\u00e1me:<\/p>\n

\u2014 aby se v\u0161echno ve\u0161lo
\n \u2014 aby to bylo vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9
\n \u2014 aby bylo rozumn\u011b rozm\u00edst\u011bno<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b to u\u017e ud\u011blali za n\u00e1s \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed kolegov\u00e9. Tak\u017ee t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd bateriov\u00fd box je um\u00edst\u011bn ve st\u0159edu a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b pod n\u00edm jsou hnac\u00ed kola. V\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed desky jsou lehk\u00e9, ty lze um\u00edstit na periferii.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 nuance:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. V \u0161asi ze soupravy je mnoho tov\u00e1rn\u00edch otvor\u016f, ale jak\u00e1 je v nich logika \u2014 to jsem prost\u011b nepochopil. Motory a akumul\u00e1torov\u00fd blok se upevnily bez probl\u00e9m\u016f, d\u00e1l za\u010dalo \u00abp\u016fd\u011bn\u00ed\u00bb s vrt\u00e1n\u00edm nov\u00fdch otvor\u016f, abych upevnil tu \u010di onu desku.<\/li>\n
  2. Osv\u011bd\u010dily se mosazn\u00e9 stojany a jin\u00fd spojovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l ze z\u00e1sob (n\u011bkdy jsem se musel improvizovat).<\/li>\n
  3. Kabely od ka\u017ed\u00e9 desky jsem provl\u00e9kl skrze svorky (op\u011bt jsem na\u0161el v z\u00e1sob\u00e1ch). Velmi pohodln\u00e9, v\u0161echny dr\u00e1ty le\u017e\u00ed hezky a neplandaj\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/p>\n

    Samostatn\u00e9 bloky<\/h2>\n

    \nNyn\u00ed projdu bloky<\/b> a osobn\u011b pov\u00edm o ka\u017ed\u00e9m z nich.<\/p>\n

    Bateriov\u00fd box<\/b><\/p>\n

    Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee robot mus\u00ed m\u00edt dobr\u00fd zdroj energie. Varianty mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9, zvolil jsem variantu se 4 AA bateriemi. Celkem d\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 V, a toto nap\u011bt\u00ed lze p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159iv\u00e9st na pin 5V desky Arduino (obejdeme stabiliz\u00e1tor).<\/p>\n

    Ur\u010dit\u00e1 obez\u0159etnost, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, byla, ale toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je zcela funk\u010dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Proto\u017ee je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed v\u0161ude, pro pohodl\u00ed jsem ud\u011blal ve st\u0159edu robota dva konektory: jeden \u00absd\u00edl\u00ed\u00bb zem (vpravo), a druh\u00fd \u2014 5 V (vlevo).<\/p>\n

    \"Zku\u0161enosti
    \n
    \nMotory a ovlada\u010d<\/b><\/p>\n

    Nejprve n\u011bco o uchycen\u00ed motor\u016f. Uchycen\u00ed je tov\u00e1rn\u00ed, ale je vyrobeno s velk\u00fdmi tolerancemi. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, motory se mohou \"vychylovat\" o p\u00e1r milimetr\u016f vlevo a vpravo. Pro na\u0161e pot\u0159eby to nen\u00ed kritick\u00e9, ale jinde to m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt vliv (robota za\u010dne odv\u00e1d\u011bt na stranu). Pro jistotu jsem motory nastavil p\u0159esn\u011b paraleln\u011b a zafixoval lepidlem.<\/p>\n

    \"Zku\u0161enosti
    \n
    \nPro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed motor\u016f, jak jsem ji\u017e psal v\u00fd\u0161e, se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ovlada\u010d L298N. Podle dokumentace m\u00e1 t\u0159i piny na ka\u017ed\u00fd motor: jeden pro zm\u011bnu rychlosti a dva pro sm\u011br ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed. Tady je jeden d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd bod. Zjistil jsem, \u017ee pokud je nap\u00e1jec\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed 5 V, potom regulace rychlosti prost\u011b nefunguje! To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bu\u010f se motor v\u016fbec neto\u010d\u00ed, nebo to\u010d\u00ed naplno. Takov\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost, kv\u016fli kter\u00e9 jsem \"zabil\" n\u011bkolik ve\u010der\u016f. Nakonec jsem na\u0161el zm\u00ednku n\u011bkde na jednom z f\u00f3r.<\/p>\n

    Obecn\u011b vzato, n\u00edzk\u00e1 rychlost ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed byla pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 p\u0159i ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed robota \u2013 aby m\u011bl \u010das prozkoumat prostor. Ale proto\u017ee s t\u00edmto pl\u00e1nem nic nevze\u0161lo, musel jsem to ud\u011blat jinak: mal\u00e9 oto\u010den\u00ed \u2013 zastaven\u00ed \u2013 oto\u010den\u00ed \u2013 zastaven\u00ed a tak d\u00e1le. Op\u011bt, nen\u00ed to tak elegantn\u00ed, ale funk\u010dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Je\u0161t\u011b dod\u00e1m, \u017ee po ka\u017ed\u00e9m sledov\u00e1n\u00ed robot zvol\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00fd sm\u011br nov\u00e9ho oto\u010den\u00ed (ve sm\u011bru nebo proti sm\u011bru hodinov\u00fdch ru\u010di\u010dek).<\/p>\n

    Ultrazvukov\u00fd senzor<\/b><\/p>\n

    \"Zku\u0161enosti
    \n
    \nJe\u0161t\u011b jedna sou\u010d\u00e1st, kde jsem musel hledat kompromisn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Ultrazvukov\u00fd senzor na skute\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch poskytuje nestabiln\u00ed \u00fadaje. To bylo vlastn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b funguje n\u011bkde na z\u00e1vodech, kde jsou hladk\u00e9, rovn\u00e9 a kolm\u00e9 povrchy, ale pokud se p\u0159ed n\u00edm \"m\u00edchaj\u00ed\" nohy n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho \u2013 je pot\u0159eba zav\u00e9st dodate\u010dn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Jako takov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jsem nastavil medi\u00e1nov\u00fd filtr<\/a><\/noindex> na t\u0159i m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Podle test\u016f na skute\u010dn\u00fdch d\u011btech (b\u011bhem test\u016f \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b nebylo zran\u011bno!), se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee to je zcela dostate\u010dn\u00e9 pro normalizaci \u00fadaj\u016f. Fyzika je zde jednoduch\u00e1: m\u00e1me sign\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 se odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed od po\u017eadovan\u00fdch<\/b> objekt\u016f (d\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed po\u017eadovanou vzd\u00e1lenost) a odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed se od vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad zd\u00ed. Druh\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 odchylky v m\u011b\u0159en\u00edch jako 45, 46, 230<\/b>, 46, 46, 45, 45, 310<\/b>, 46\u2026 Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 odchylky medi\u00e1nov\u00fd filtr odstra\u0148uje.<\/p>\n

    Po v\u0161ech zpracov\u00e1n\u00edch m\u00e1me vzd\u00e1lenost k nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edmu objektu. Pokud je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ur\u010dit\u00e9 prahov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, aktivujeme alarm a vyd\u00e1v\u00e1me se p\u0159\u00edmo na \"poru\u0161itele\".<\/p>\n

    Maj\u00e1k a sir\u00e9na<\/b><\/p>\n

    Snad nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed prvky ze v\u0161ech uveden\u00fdch. Jsou vid\u011bt na fotografi\u00edch v\u00fd\u0161e. O hardwaru zde nen\u00ed co ps\u00e1t, proto nyn\u00ed p\u0159ejdeme k k\u00f3du<\/b>.<\/p>\n

    Program \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n

    \nPodrobn\u011b rozepisovat k\u00f3d nem\u00e1 smysl, kdo pot\u0159ebuje \u2014 odkaz je na konci \u010dl\u00e1nku, tam je v\u0161e dost \u010diteln\u00e9. Obecnou strukturu by v\u0161ak bylo dobr\u00e9 vysv\u011btlit.<\/p>\n

    Prvn\u00ed, co jsem musel promyslet: robot je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho \u010dasu. P\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, vzpomenout, proto\u017ee se elektrotechnice v\u011bnuji u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve i nyn\u00ed. Tak\u017ee hned zapom\u00edn\u00e1me na vol\u00e1n\u00ed delay()<\/b>, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 v oblib\u011b mnoho p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f a kter\u00e9 prost\u011b \"zmrazuje\" program na ur\u010denou dobu. M\u00edsto toho, jak rad\u00ed zku\u0161en\u00ed lid\u00e9, zav\u00e1d\u00edme \u010dasova\u010de pro ka\u017ed\u00fd blok. Ub\u011bhla po\u017eadovan\u00e1 doba \u2014 provedli jsme akci (zv\u00fd\u0161ili jas LED diody, zapnuli motor atd.).<\/p>\n

    \u010casova\u010de mohou b\u00fdt vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propojeny. Nap\u0159\u00edklad bzu\u010d\u00e1k pracuje synchronn\u011b s maj\u00e1kem. To trochu zjednodu\u0161uje program.<\/p>\n

    Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, v\u0161echno rozd\u011bl\u00edme na jednotliv\u00e9 funkce (maj\u00e1k, zvuk, ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed, pohyb vp\u0159ed atd.). Pokud to tak neud\u011bl\u00e1te, pak u\u017e nebude jasn\u00e9, co odkud a kam. <\/p>\n

    Nuance pedagogiky<\/h2>\n

    \nV\u0161e, co bylo pops\u00e1no v\u00fd\u0161e, jsem d\u011blal ve voln\u00e9m \u010dase ve\u010der. V klidn\u00e9m tempu jsem str\u00e1vil na robotovi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159i t\u00fddny. Na tom bych mohl i skon\u010dit, ale sl\u00edbil jsem v\u00e1m je\u0161t\u011b pov\u011bd\u011bt o pr\u00e1ci s d\u00edt\u011btem. Co je v tomto v\u011bku mo\u017en\u00e9?<\/p>\n

    Pr\u00e1ce podle instrukce<\/b><\/p>\n

    Ka\u017ed\u00fd prvek jsme nejprve ov\u011b\u0159ovali jednotliv\u011b \u2014 LED diody, bzu\u010d\u00e1k, motory, senzory atd. Existuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed hotov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f \u2014 n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo v v\u00fdvojov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, jin\u00e9 lze naj\u00edt na internetu. To nespochybniteln\u011b pot\u011b\u0161\u00ed. Vezmeme k\u00f3d, p\u0159ipoj\u00edme prvek, ujist\u00edme se, \u017ee funguje, a pot\u00e9 u\u017e za\u010dneme upravovat podle sv\u00e9ho \u00fakolu. P\u0159ipojen\u00ed podle sch\u00e9matu a pod m\u00fdm ur\u010dit\u00fdm dohledem d\u00edt\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 samo. To je dobr\u00e9. Um\u011bt pracovat d\u016fsledn\u011b podle instrukce je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

    Po\u0159ad\u00ed pr\u00e1ce (\"od konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho k obecn\u00e9mu\")<\/b><\/p>\n

    Tohle je slo\u017eit\u00fd bod. Je pot\u0159eba si zvyknout, \u017ee velk\u00fd projekt (\"vyrobit robota\") se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z men\u0161\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f (\"p\u0159ipojit senzory\", \"p\u0159ipojit motory\"...), a ty se zase skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z je\u0161t\u011b men\u0161\u00edch krok\u016f (\"naj\u00edt program\", \"p\u0159ipojit desku\", \"nahr\u00e1t firmware\"...). Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b srozumiteln\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f na ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni \"uzav\u00edr\u00e1me\" \u00fakoly st\u0159edn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b, a ty se u\u017e skl\u00e1daj\u00ed do celkov\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku. Vysv\u011btlil jsem to, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee k uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed dojde a\u017e n\u011bkdy v pubert\u011b.<\/p>\n

    Mont\u00e1\u017e<\/b><\/p>\n

    Vrt\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u00e1vity, \u0161rouby, matice, p\u00e1jen\u00ed a v\u016fn\u011b kolofonia \u2013 bez toho se nikam neujdete. D\u00edt\u011b z\u00edskalo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed dovednost \u201ePr\u00e1ce se p\u00e1je\u010dkou\u201c \u2013 poda\u0159ilo se mu sp\u00e1jet n\u011bkolik spoj\u016f (j\u00e1 jsem tro\u0161ku pom\u00e1hal, nebudu to tajit). Nezapome\u0148te na vysv\u011btlen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch pravidel.<\/p>\n

    Pr\u00e1ce na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di<\/b><\/p>\n

    Program pro robota jsem psal j\u00e1, ale poda\u0159ilo se dos\u00e1hnout i n\u011bjak\u00fdch vedlej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/p>\n

    Za prv\u00e9: angli\u010dtina. Ve \u0161kole ji teprve za\u010dali, proto jsme s \u201eodporom\u201c rozeb\u00edrali, co je to pishalka, migalka, yarkost a dal\u0161\u00ed transliterace. Pochopili jsme alespo\u0148 to. Z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b jsem se rozhodl nepou\u017e\u00edvat rodn\u00e9 anglick\u00e9 slova, proto\u017ee na tuto \u00farove\u0148 jsme je\u0161t\u011b nedo\u0161li.<\/p>\n

    Za druh\u00e9: efektivn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. U\u010dili jsme se hork\u00e9 kombinace kl\u00e1ves, jak rychle prov\u00e1d\u011bt typick\u00e9 operace. Ob\u010das, kdy\u017e jsme psali program, jsme si se synem vym\u011bnili m\u00edsta a j\u00e1 jsem \u0159\u00edkal, co je pot\u0159eba ud\u011blat (n\u00e1hrada, hled\u00e1n\u00ed atd.). Musel jsem opakovat znovu a znovu: \u201evyber dvojit\u00fdm kliknut\u00edm\u201c, \u201edr\u017e Shift\u201c, \u201edr\u017e Ctrl\u201c a tak d\u00e1le. Proces u\u010den\u00ed zde nen\u00ed rychl\u00fd, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee dovednosti se postupn\u011b ulo\u017e\u00ed \u201edo podv\u011bdom\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

    Skryt\u00fd text<\/b>M\u016f\u017eete \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee v\u00fd\u0161e popsan\u00e9 je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9. Ale up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b, tuto zimu jsem m\u011bl na starosti informatiku v dev\u00e1t\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch v jedn\u00e9 \u0161kole. To je hr\u016fza. \u017d\u00e1ci neznaj\u00ed takov\u00e9 element\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u011bci jako Ctrl + Z, Ctrl + C a Ctrl + V, v\u00fdb\u011br textu s dr\u017een\u00ed Shiftu nebo dvojit\u00fdm kliknut\u00edm na slovo a dal\u0161\u00ed. To p\u0159i tom, \u017ee maj\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed rok \u0161kolen\u00ed v informatice\u2026 Ud\u011blejte si vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011br. <\/p>\n

    Za t\u0159et\u00ed: slep\u00e1 metoda psan\u00ed. Koment\u00e1\u0159e v k\u00f3du jsem sv\u011b\u0159il d\u00edt\u011bti, a\u0165 si tr\u00e9nuje. Hned jsme mu spr\u00e1vn\u011b postavili ruce, aby si prsty postupn\u011b zapamatovaly um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed kl\u00e1ves.<\/p>\n

    Jak vid\u00edte, teprve na za\u010d\u00e1tku. Dovednosti a znalosti budeme d\u00e1l zdokonalovat, v \u017eivot\u011b se hod\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Mimochodem o perspektiv\u011b\u2026<\/p>\n

    Dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj<\/h2>\n

    \nRobot byl vyroben, jezd\u00ed, blik\u00e1 a p\u00edp\u00e1. Co te\u010f? Inspirov\u00e1ni dosa\u017een\u00fdm pl\u00e1nujeme jeho dal\u0161\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00ed. M\u00e1me v \u00famyslu vytvo\u0159it d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u2014 podobn\u011b jako u lun\u00e1rn\u00edho vozidla. Bylo by zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, sed\u011bt u hypotetick\u00e9ho ovlada\u010de a \u0159\u00eddit pohyb robota, kter\u00fd je n\u011bkde \u00fapln\u011b jinde. Ale to u\u017e bude jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u2026<\/p>\n

    A na z\u00e1v\u011br hrdinov\u00e9 tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku (video po kliknut\u00ed):<\/p>\n

    \"Zku\u0161enosti<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

    D\u011bkujeme za pozornost!<\/p>\n

    \u2192 Odkaz na k\u00f3d<\/a><\/noindex>
    \n
    Zdroj:     habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":39337,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Zku\u0161enosti s vytvo\u0159en\u00edm prvn\u00edho robota na Arduinu (robot-\u201elovec\u201c) | ProHoster","description":"Dobr\u00fd den. 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