{"id":52137,"date":"2019-11-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/nb-iot-kak-on-rabotaet-chast-2"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:59:48","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:59:48","slug":"nb-iot-kak-on-rabotaet-chast-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/nb-iot-kak-on-rabotaet-chast-2","title":{"rendered":"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Minule jsme hovo\u0159ili o zvl\u00e1\u0161tnostech nov\u00e9ho standardu NB-IoT z hlediska architektury s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9ho r\u00e1diov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu. Dnes se zamysl\u00edme nad t\u00edm, co se zm\u011bnilo v j\u00e1dru s\u00edt\u011b (Core Network) s NB-IoT. Tak\u017ee, jdeme na to.<br \/>\n<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/ef0e9fab23936e8ba104f65a7440a487.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV j\u00e1dru s\u00edt\u011b do\u0161lo k v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. Za\u010dn\u011bme t\u00edm, \u017ee se objevil nov\u00fd prvek, stejn\u011b jako \u0159ada mechanism\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou v standardu definov\u00e1ny jako \u201eCIoT EPS Optimization\u201c neboli optimalizace p\u00e1te\u0159n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b pro mobiln\u00ed internet v\u011bc\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Jak je zn\u00e1mo, v mobiln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch existuj\u00ed dva hlavn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed kan\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed Control Plane (CP) a User Plane (UP). Control Plane slou\u017e\u00ed pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu sign\u00e1ln\u00edch zpr\u00e1v mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi prvky s\u00edt\u011b a zaji\u0161\u0165uje mobilitu (Mobility management) za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (UE) a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed\/udr\u017een\u00ed relace p\u0159enosu dat (Session Management). User Plane je vlastn\u011b kan\u00e1l pro p\u0159enos u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho provozu. V klasick\u00e9m LTE je rozlo\u017een\u00ed CP a UP podle rozhran\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/b252f5ac8a9b744f82d3f81cd659de8f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nMechanismy optimalizace CP a UP pro NB-IoT jsou realizov\u00e1ny na uzlech MME, SGW a PGW, kter\u00e9 jsou podm\u00edn\u011bn\u011b spojeny do jednoho prvku naz\u00fdvan\u00e9ho C-SGN (Cellular IoT Serving Gateway Node). Standard tak\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 vznik nov\u00e9ho prvku s\u00edt\u011b \u2014 SCEF (Service Capability Exposure Function). Rozhran\u00ed mezi MME a SCEF se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 T6a a je realizov\u00e1no na z\u00e1klad\u011b protokolu DIAMETER. I kdy\u017e je DIAMETER signaliza\u010dn\u00ed protokol, v NB-IoT je p\u0159izp\u016fsoben pro p\u0159enos mal\u00fdch objem\u016f non-IP dat.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/5f2b191d925485b5c841018bda52d9b5.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nVypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to z n\u00e1zvu, SCEF \u2014 je uzel pro exponov\u00e1n\u00ed servisn\u00edch schopnost\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, SCEF skr\u00fdv\u00e1 slo\u017eitost s\u00edt\u011b oper\u00e1tora a odstra\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu identifikace a autentizace mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (UE) pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e aplikac\u00ed (Application Server, d\u00e1le AS), co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje server\u016fm aplikac\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1vat data a spravovat za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jednotn\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed API. <\/p>\n<p>Identifik\u00e1torem UE se st\u00e1v\u00e1 ne telefonn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo (MSISDN) nebo IP adresa, jak tomu bylo v klasick\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00edch 2G\/3G\/LTE, ale tzv. \u201eexternal ID\u201c, kter\u00e9 je standardem definov\u00e1no ve form\u00e1tu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e aplikac\u00ed \u201e@\u201c. To je samostatn\u00e9 velk\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, zasluhuj\u00edc\u00ed samostatn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, tak\u017ee se o tom te\u010f podrobn\u011bji bavit nebudeme. <\/p>\n<p>Nyn\u00ed se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed novinky. \u201eCIoT EPS Optimization\u201c je optimalizace mechanism\u016f p\u0159enosu dat a spr\u00e1vy u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch relac\u00ed. Zde jsou hlavn\u00ed z nich:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>DoNAS <\/li>\n<li>NIDD <\/li>\n<li>Mechanismy \u00faspory energie PSM a eDRX<\/li>\n<li>HLCOM<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>DoNAS (Data over NAS):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o mechanismus navr\u017een\u00fd pro optimalizaci p\u0159enosu mal\u00fdch objem\u016f dat. <\/p>\n<p>V klasick\u00e9m LTE u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159i registraci v s\u00edti vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed PDN connection (d\u00e1le PDN) p\u0159es eNodeB do MME-SGW-PGW. Spojen\u00ed UE-eNodeB-MME je tzv. \u201eSignaling Radio Bearer\u201c (SRB). P\u0159i pot\u0159eb\u011b p\u0159en\u00e9st\/p\u0159ijmout data UE vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed spojen\u00ed s eNodeB \u2013 \u201eData Radio Bearer\u201c (DRB), pro p\u0159enos u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho provozu k SGW a d\u00e1le na PGW (rozhran\u00ed S1-U a S5 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u011b). Po ukon\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny a p\u0159i absenci provozu po ur\u010ditou dobu (obvykle 5-20 sekund) se tato spojen\u00ed ukon\u010duj\u00ed a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed do pohotovostn\u00edho re\u017eimu nebo \u201eIdle Mode\u201c. P\u0159i pot\u0159eb\u011b v\u00fdm\u011bny nov\u00e9 v\u00e1rky dat se SRB a DRB znovu nastavuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V NB-IoT m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eivatelsk\u00fd provoz p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en p\u0159es sign\u00e1ln\u00ed kan\u00e1l (SRB), v zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch protokolu NAS (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.3gpp.org\/more\/96-nas\">http:\/\/www.3gpp.org\/more\/96-nas<\/a><\/noindex>). Nastaven\u00ed DRB ji\u017e nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9. To v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje sign\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, \u0161et\u0159\u00ed r\u00e1diov\u00e9 zdroje s\u00edt\u011b a, co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, prodlu\u017euje \u017eivotnost baterie za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Na \u00faseku eNodeB \u2013 MME za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed b\u00fdt u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 data p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ena po rozhran\u00ed S1-MME, co\u017e v klasick\u00e9 technologii LTE nebylo, a k tomu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 protokol NAS, ve kter\u00e9m vznik\u00e1 \u201eUser data container\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/aa2ea680deac42cca298036d7e1fbb30.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159enosu \u201eUser Plane\u201c od MME k SGW vznik\u00e1 nov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed S11-U, kter\u00e9 je ur\u010deno pro p\u0159enos mal\u00fdch objem\u016f u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch dat. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b protokolu S11-U le\u017e\u00ed GTP-U v1, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro p\u0159enos User Plane i na jin\u00fdch rozhran\u00edch s\u00edt\u011b 3GPP-architektury.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/0a295d230c8f0c1858c7eaf278ea472a.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<b>NIDD (non-IP data delivery):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>V r\u00e1mci dal\u0161\u00ed optimalizace mechanism\u016f p\u0159enosu mal\u00fdch objem\u016f dat, krom\u011b ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch typ\u016f PDN, jako jsou IPv4, IPv6 a IPv4v6, vznikl je\u0161t\u011b jeden typ \u2013 non-IP. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nen\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9mu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159id\u011blen IP adres, a data se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed bez pou\u017eit\u00ed protokolu IP. K tomu existuje n\u011bkolik d\u016fvod\u016f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed IoT, jako jsou senzory, mohou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et velmi mal\u00e9 objemy dat, 20 bajt\u016f a dokonce m\u00e9n\u011b. S ohledem na to, \u017ee minim\u00e1ln\u00ed velikost IP hlavi\u010dky je 20 bajt\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt enkapsulace do IP n\u011bkdy dost n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost;<\/li>\n<li>Nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 implementovat IP z\u00e1sobn\u00edk do \u010dipu, co\u017e vede k jejich zlevn\u011bn\u00ed (t\u00e9ma k diskusi v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nV z\u00e1sad\u011b je IP adresa nutn\u00e1 pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed IoT, aby mohla p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et data p\u0159es internet. V konceptu NB-IoT funguje SCEF jako jednotn\u00e9 p\u0159ipojovac\u00ed m\u00edsto AS a v\u00fdm\u011bna dat mezi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi a aplika\u010dn\u00edmi servery prob\u00edh\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm API. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b absence SCEF mohou non-IP data b\u00fdt p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ena pomoc\u00ed Point-to-Point (PtP) tunelu od PGW a enkapsulace do IP bude provedena ji\u017e na n\u011bm.<\/p>\n<p>To v\u0161e zapad\u00e1 do paradigmy NB-IoT \u2014 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed a zlevn\u011bn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>Mechanismy \u00faspory energie PSM a eDRX:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jednou z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch v\u00fdhod LPWAN s\u00edt\u00ed je energetick\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost. Tvrd\u00ed se, \u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pracovat na jedno nabit\u00ed baterie a\u017e 10 let. Pod\u00edvejme se, jak\u00fdch hodnot je dosa\u017eeno. <\/p>\n<p>Kdy za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b energie? Spr\u00e1vn\u011b, kdy\u017e je vypnut\u00e9. A pokud nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b vypnout, poj\u010fme vypnout r\u00e1diov\u00fd modul po dobu, kdy nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba. Jen je t\u0159eba to p\u0159edem dohodnout se s\u00edt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p> <b>PSM (Re\u017eim \u00faspory energie):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Re\u017eim \u00faspory energie PSM umo\u017e\u0148uje za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b vypnout r\u00e1diov\u00fd modul a p\u0159itom z\u016fstat registrovan\u00e9 v s\u00edti, ani\u017e by bylo t\u0159eba p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159enosu dat znovu nastavovat PDN. <\/p>\n<p>Aby s\u00ed\u0165 v\u011bd\u011bla, \u017ee je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed st\u00e1le dostupn\u00e9, periodicky iniciuje postup aktualizace \u2014 Tracking Area Update (TAU). Frekvence tohoto postupu je ur\u010dov\u00e1na s\u00edt\u00ed pomoc\u00ed \u010dasova\u010de T3412, jeho\u017e hodnotu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed obdr\u017e\u00ed b\u011bhem procesu Attach nebo p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm TAU. V klasick\u00e9m LTE je v\u00fdchoz\u00ed hodnota tohoto \u010dasova\u010de 54 minut a maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed 186 minut. Ov\u0161em pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vysok\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti je nutnost vstupovat do r\u00e1diov\u00e9ho prostoru ka\u017ed\u00fdch 186 minut p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. K vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu byl vyvinut mechanismus PSM.<\/p>\n<p>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed aktivuje re\u017eim PSM p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm v hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edch \u201eAttach Request\u201c nebo \u201eTracking Area Request\u201c hodnot dvou \u010dasova\u010d\u016f T3324 a T3412-Extended. Prvn\u00ed ur\u010duje dobu, po kterou bude za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 po p\u0159echodu do \u201eIdle Mode\u201c. Druh\u00fd je doba, za kterou mus\u00ed b\u00fdt proveden TAU, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho hodnota nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout 35712000 sekund neboli 413 dn\u00ed. V z\u00e1vislosti na nastaven\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee MME p\u0159ijmout hodnoty \u010dasova\u010d\u016f z\u00edskan\u00e9 od za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo je zm\u011bnit, kdy\u017e po\u0161le nov\u00e9 hodnoty v hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edch \u201eAttach Accept\u201c nebo \u201eTracking Area Update Accept\u201c. Nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nezap\u00ednat r\u00e1diov\u00fd modul 413 dn\u00ed a p\u0159itom z\u016fst\u00e1vat zaregistrovan\u00e9 v s\u00edti. To p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 \u00faspory s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a energetickou efektivitu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed!<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/2ac7fdc892c8b569b5b19a33472c6045.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV tomto re\u017eimu v\u0161ak za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nen\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 pouze pro p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed komunikaci. Pokud je pot\u0159eba n\u011bco p\u0159en\u00e9st sm\u011brem k serveru aplikac\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kdykoliv opustit PSM a odeslat data, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pot\u00e9 z\u016fstane aktivn\u00ed po dobu \u010dasova\u010de T3324 pro p\u0159\u00edjem informa\u010dn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v od AS (pokud n\u011bjak\u00e9 budou).<\/p>\n<p><b>eDRX (roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>eDRX, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd re\u017eim p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjmu. Aby mohla s\u00ed\u0165 p\u0159en\u00e9st data na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v \u201eIdle mode\u201c, prov\u00e1d\u00ed proceduru upozorn\u011bn\u00ed \u2014 \u201ePaging\u201c. Po p\u0159ijet\u00ed p\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed iniciuje vytvo\u0159en\u00ed SRB pro dal\u0161\u00ed komunikaci se s\u00edt\u00ed. Aby v\u0161ak nezme\u0161kalo adresovanou zpr\u00e1vu Paging, mus\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed neust\u00e1le sledovat r\u00e1diov\u00fd prostor, co\u017e je tak\u00e9 dost energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p>eDRX je re\u017eim, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 zpr\u00e1vy od s\u00edt\u011b nikoli neust\u00e1le, ale periodicky. B\u011bhem procedur Attach nebo TAU za\u0159izuje za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se s\u00edt\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 intervaly, b\u011bhem kter\u00fdch bude \u201eposlouchat\u201c \u00e9ter. Podle toho se v t\u011bchto intervalech provede procedura Paging. V re\u017eimu eDRX je pr\u00e1ce za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rozd\u011blena do cykl\u016f (eDRX cycle). Na za\u010d\u00e1tku ka\u017ed\u00e9ho cyklu prob\u00edh\u00e1 takzvan\u00e9 \u201eokno p\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0436inga\u201c (Paging Time Window, d\u00e1le PTW) \u2014 co\u017e je \u010das, kdy za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sly\u0161\u00ed r\u00e1diov\u00fd kan\u00e1l. Po skon\u010den\u00ed PTW za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vypne r\u00e1diov\u00fd modul a\u017e do konce cyklu.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NB-IoT: jak to funguje? \u010c\u00e1st 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/924110cbe84765d11efec28238de3dd1.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<b>HLCOM (komunikace s vysokou latenc\u00ed):<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Pokud je t\u0159eba p\u0159en\u00e9st data, m\u016f\u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edt z jak\u00e9hokoli z t\u011bchto dvou re\u017eim\u016f \u00faspory energie, ani\u017e by \u010dekalo na dokon\u010den\u00ed cyklu PSM nebo eDRX. P\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et data na za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u0161ak lze pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e je aktivn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Funkcionalita HLCOM nebo komunikace s vysok\u00fdmi zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00edmi znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se na SGW ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed Downlink pakety po dobu, po kterou je za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v re\u017eimu \u00faspory energie a nen\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 pro komunikaci. Bufferovan\u00e9 pakety budou doru\u010deny, jakmile za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed opust\u00ed PSM, provede TAU nebo p\u0159enese Uplink provoz, nebo kdy\u017e nastane PTW.<\/p>\n<p>To ur\u010dit\u011b vy\u017eaduje uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed ze strany v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f IoT produkt\u016f, proto\u017ee komunikace se za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm se neodehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase a vy\u017eaduje ur\u010dit\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy k sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed obchodn\u00ed logiky aplikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Na z\u00e1v\u011br \u0159ekn\u011bme: zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00e9 technologie je v\u017edy vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed, a nyn\u00ed se zab\u00fdv\u00e1me standardem, kter\u00fd nebyl pln\u011b vyzkou\u0161en ani u sv\u011btov\u00fdch \u201egigant\u016f\u201c, jako jsou Vodafone a Telefonica \u2013 proto je to dvakr\u00e1t vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed. Na\u0161e prezentace materi\u00e1lu si neklade za c\u00edl absolutn\u00ed \u00faplnost, ale douf\u00e1me, \u017ee poskytuje dostate\u010dn\u00e9 porozum\u011bn\u00ed technologii. Budeme vd\u011b\u010dn\u00ed za zp\u011btnou vazbu.<\/p>\n<p><i>Autor: Expert odd\u011blen\u00ed konvergentn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a multimedi\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eeb Alexej Lap\u0161in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/users\/aslapsh\/\" class=\"user_link\">aslapsh<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ru_mts\/blog\/431648\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 NB-IoT \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 (Core Network) \u043f\u0440\u0438 NB-IoT. \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u0412 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u201cCIoT EPS Optimization\u201d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 NB-IoT \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 (Core Network) \u043f\u0440\u0438 NB-IoT.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/nb-iot-kak-on-rabotaet-chast-2\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47NB-IoT: \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442? 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