{"id":52224,"date":"2019-11-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-02T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/it-v-armenii-strategicheskie-sektory-i-tehnologicheskie-sfery-strany"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:59:54","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:59:54","slug":"it-v-armenii-strategicheskie-sektory-i-tehnologicheskie-sfery-strany","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/it-v-armenii-strategicheskie-sektory-i-tehnologicheskie-sfery-strany","title":{"rendered":"IT v Arm\u00e9nii: strategick\u00e9 sektory a technologick\u00e9 oblasti zem\u011b","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"IT v Arm\u00e9nii: strategick\u00e9 sektory a technologick\u00e9 oblasti zem\u011b\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/e1fdd2d84e60b25699afec742da74577.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nRychl\u00e9 j\u00eddlo, rychl\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, rychl\u00fd r\u016fst, rychl\u00fd internet, rychl\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed\u2026 Rychlost se stala ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161eho ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota. Chceme, aby bylo v\u0161echno jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, rychlej\u0161\u00ed a lep\u0161\u00ed. Neust\u00e1l\u00e1 pot\u0159eba v\u00edce \u010dasu, rychlosti a v\u00fdkonu je hnac\u00ed silou inovativn\u00edch technologi\u00ed. A Arm\u00e9nie v tomto ohledu hraje v\u00fdznamnou roli. <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edklad: nikdo nechce ztr\u00e1cet \u010das \u010dek\u00e1n\u00edm ve front\u00e1ch. Dnes existuj\u00ed syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed front, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm rezervovat si sv\u00e1 m\u00edsta na d\u00e1lku a dost\u00e1vat sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby bez \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed. Aplikace vyvinut\u00e9 v Arm\u00e9nii, jako je Earlyone, minimalizuj\u00ed \u010dekac\u00ed dobu z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f t\u00edm, \u017ee sleduj\u00ed a \u0159\u00edd\u00ed cel\u00fd proces poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eeb.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nV\u011bdci, in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i a program\u00e1to\u0159i po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b se tak\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed \u00fakoly rychleji a efektivn\u011bji. Aby dos\u00e1hli maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho efektu, pracuj\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji kvantov\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f. Dnes jsme ohromeni obrovskou velikost\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny p\u0159ed 20-30 lety a zab\u00edraly cel\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti. Stejn\u011b tak budou lid\u00e9 v budoucnu nad\u0161eni kvantov\u00fdmi po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, kter\u00e9 se teprve dnes buduj\u00ed. Je myln\u00e9 si myslet, \u017ee v\u0161echny typy bicykl\u016f byly ji\u017e vynalezeny, a tak\u00e9 myln\u00e9 si myslet, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 technologie a vyn\u00e1lezy jsou vlastn\u00ed pouze rozvinut\u00fdm zem\u00edm. <\/p>\n<h3>Arm\u00e9nie je p\u0159\u00edkladem rozvoje IT<\/h3>\n<p>\nSektor ICT (IKT \u2013 informa\u010dn\u011b-komunika\u010dn\u00ed technologie) v Arm\u00e9nii neust\u00e1le roste v pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edho desetilet\u00ed. Fond Enterprise Incubator Foundation, technologick\u00fd podnikatelsk\u00fd inkub\u00e1tor a agentura pro rozvoj informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed se s\u00eddlem v Jerevanu, uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee celkov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem odv\u011btv\u00ed, kter\u00fd se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze sektoru softwaru a slu\u017eeb, jako\u017e i sektoru poskytovatel\u016f internetov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, dos\u00e1hl v roce 2018 \u010d\u00e1stky 922,3 milionu USD, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1r\u016fst o 20,5 % oproti roku 2017. <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edjmy v tomto sektoru p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed 7,4% celkov\u00e9ho HDP Arm\u00e9nie (12,4 miliardy USD), podle zpr\u00e1vy statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu. V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00ed zm\u011bny, r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed iniciativy, stejn\u011b jako \u00fazk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k trval\u00e9mu r\u016fstu sektoru ICT v zemi. Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed Ministerstva vysoce technologick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu v Arm\u00e9nii (d\u0159\u00edve byl sektor regulov\u00e1n Ministerstvem dopravy, komunikac\u00ed a informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed) je jednozna\u010dn\u011b krokem vp\u0159ed ve zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed snah a zdroj\u016f v IT odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>SmartGate, fond rizikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu v Silicon Valley, ve sv\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b o arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9m technologick\u00e9m sektoru z roku 2018 uv\u00e1d\u00ed: \u201eDnes je technologie Arm\u00e9nie rychle rostouc\u00edm odv\u011btv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 pro\u0161lo obrovsk\u00fdm p\u0159echodem od outsourcingu k produktov\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji. Na sc\u00e9nu vystoupilo generace vysp\u011bl\u00fdch in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed dlouholet\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s prac\u00ed na pokro\u010dil\u00fdch projektech v nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edch technologick\u00fdch korporac\u00edch a startupech Silicon Valley. Rychle rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vka po vysoce kvalifikovan\u00fdch odborn\u00edc\u00edch v oblasti v\u00fdvoje in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9ho a technick\u00e9ho podnik\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uspokojena v kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m nebo st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9m horizontu uvnit\u0159 zem\u011b nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edch vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch instituc\u00ed.\u201c <\/p>\n<p>V \u010dervnu 2018 premi\u00e9r Arm\u00e9nie Nikol Pashinyan zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee v Arm\u00e9nii existuje pot\u0159eba v\u00edce ne\u017e 4000 IT specialist\u016f. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee existuje nal\u00e9hav\u00e1 pot\u0159eba zlep\u0161en\u00ed a zm\u011bn ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u011bdeck\u00fdch oblastech. N\u011bkolik m\u00edstn\u00edch univerzit a organizac\u00ed podnik\u00e1 iniciativy na podporu rostouc\u00edho technick\u00e9ho talentu a v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, jako jsou:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd program v oboru v\u011bdy o datech z USA;<\/li>\n<li>magistersk\u00fd program aplikovan\u00e9 statistiky a v\u011bdy o datech na Erevansk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed univerzit\u011b;<\/li>\n<li>strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u0161kolen\u00ed, v\u00fdzkumy a granty nab\u00edzen\u00e9 MNTC (Centrum inovativn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a technologi\u00ed);<\/li>\n<li>Academy of Code Armenia, YerevaNN (laborato\u0159 strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed v Erevanu);<\/li>\n<li>Gate 42 (laborato\u0159 kvantov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f v Erevanu) atd. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Strategick\u00e9 sektory IT pr\u016fmyslu v Arm\u00e9nii<\/h3>\n<p>\nVelk\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti se tak\u00e9 pod\u00edlej\u00ed na vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch a v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdch programech. V t\u00e9to \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 f\u00e1zi r\u016fstu ICT v Arm\u00e9nii je strategick\u00fd sm\u011br sektoru nezbytn\u00fd. Zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed programy v oblasti datov\u00e9 v\u011bdy a strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee se zem\u011b maxim\u00e1ln\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed podpo\u0159it tyto dv\u011b oblasti. A to nejen proto, \u017ee p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed technologick\u00e9 trendy na sv\u011bt\u011b \u2013 existuje skute\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka po kvalifikovan\u00fdch odborn\u00edc\u00edch ve st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch podnic\u00edch, startupech a v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch v Arm\u00e9nii.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm strategick\u00fdm sektorem, kter\u00fd pot\u0159ebuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed technick\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, je vojensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Ministr pr\u016fmyslu vysok\u00fdch technologi\u00ed Akop Ar\u0161akjan v\u011bnoval velkou pozornost rozvoji strategick\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, s ohledem na \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 probl\u00e9my vojensk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed zem\u011b \u0159e\u0161it. <\/p>\n<p>Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 oblasti pat\u0159\u00ed v\u011bda. Existuje pot\u0159eba konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f, obecn\u00fdch a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch studi\u00ed a r\u016fzn\u00fdch vyn\u00e1lez\u016f. Lid\u00e9 pracuj\u00edc\u00ed na technologi\u00edch na ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch v\u00fdvoje mohou m\u00edt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 dosa\u017een\u00ed. Skv\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem takov\u00e9 \u010dinnosti jsou kvantov\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch a vy\u017eaduj\u00ed velk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f s vyu\u017eit\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00e9 praxe a zku\u0161enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nyn\u00ed se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na t\u0159i technologick\u00e9 oblasti podrobn\u011bji: strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed, vojensk\u00e9 technologie a kvantov\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto oblasti mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit vysoce technologick\u00e9 sektory Arm\u00e9nie a um\u00edstit st\u00e1t na sv\u011btovou technologickou mapu.<\/p>\n<h3>IT v Arm\u00e9nii: oblast strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed <\/h3>\n<p>\nPodle Data Science Central je strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed (Machine Learning nebo ML) aplikac\u00ed\/podmno\u017einou um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, kter\u00e1 \u201ese zam\u011b\u0159uje na schopnost stroj\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1vat soubor dat a u\u010dit se, m\u011bn\u00edc algoritmy, jak se zvy\u0161uj\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed informace, kter\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed\u201c, a tak\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my bez lidsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu. V posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed doslova proniklo do sv\u011bta d\u00edky \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm a r\u016fznorod\u00fdm aplikac\u00edm technologie v podnik\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u011bd\u011b. <\/p>\n<p>Takov\u00e9 aplikace zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u010di a hlasu;<\/li>\n<li>generaci p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho jazyka (NGL);<\/li>\n<li>automatizovan\u00e9 procesy rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>kybernetickou ochranu a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edho.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nExistuje n\u011bkolik \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch startup\u016f, kter\u00e9 aplikuj\u00ed podobn\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Krisp, co\u017e je desktopov\u00e1 aplikace, kter\u00e1 sni\u017euje \u0161um na pozad\u00ed b\u011bhem telefonn\u00edch hovor\u016f. Podle Davida Bagdasaryana, gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele a spoluzakladatele 2Hz, hlavn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Krisp, jsou jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed revolu\u010dn\u00ed v oblasti audiotechnologi\u00ed. \u201eZa pouh\u00e9 dva roky n\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm vytvo\u0159il technologii sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, kter\u00e1 nem\u00e1 obdobu na sv\u011bt\u011b. V na\u0161em t\u00fdmu je 12 specialist\u016f, z nich\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina m\u00e1 doktor\u00e1t z matematiky a fyziky,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bagdasaryan. \u201eJejich fotografie vis\u00ed na st\u011bn\u00e1ch na\u0161eho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed, aby n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly \u00fasp\u011bchy a pokrok. To poskytuje mo\u017enost p\u0159ehodnotit kvalitu zvuku v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 komunikaci,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 David Bagdasaryan, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel 2Hz.<\/p>\n<p>Krisp byl vyhl\u00e1\u0161en produktem roku v oblasti audia a videa v roce 2018 spole\u010dnost\u00ed ProductHunt, platformou, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 technologie. Ned\u00e1vno Krisp uzav\u0159el partnersk\u00e9 dohody s arm\u00e9nskou telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed \u201eRostelecom\u201c a tak\u00e9 s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi spole\u010dnostmi, jako je Sitel Group, pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch slu\u017eeb vol\u00e1n\u00ed od potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch klient\u016f. <\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm startupem, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed, je SuperAnnotate AI, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje p\u0159esnou segmentaci obr\u00e1zku a v\u00fdb\u011br objektu pro anotaci obr\u00e1zk\u016f. M\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd algoritmus, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 velk\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem, jako jsou Google, Facebook a Uber, \u0161et\u0159it finan\u010dn\u00ed a lidsk\u00e9 zdroje automatizac\u00ed ru\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s obr\u00e1zky (SuperAnnotate AI eliminuje v\u00fdb\u011br bod\u016f obr\u00e1zk\u016f, proces je zrychlen 10-20kr\u00e1t jedn\u00edm kliknut\u00edm). <\/p>\n<p>Existuje \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch rostouc\u00edch startup\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010din\u00ed Arm\u00e9nii centrem strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed v regionu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Renderforest pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed animovan\u00fdch vide\u00ed, webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek a logotyp\u016f; <\/li>\n<li>Teamable \u2013 platforma pro doporu\u010den\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f (tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201etender pro n\u00e1bor\u201c, umo\u017e\u0148uje vyhled\u00e1vat kvalifikovan\u00fd person\u00e1l bez \u010dasov\u00fdch ztr\u00e1t);<\/li>\n<li>Chessify \u2013 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed aplikace, kter\u00e1 skenuje \u0161achov\u00e9 tahy, vizualizuje n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 kroky a mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nTyto startupy jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nejen proto, \u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed k poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed obchodn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, ale tak\u00e9 jako tv\u016frci v\u011bdeck\u00e9 hodnoty pro sv\u011bt technologi\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch projekt\u016f existuj\u00ed v Arm\u00e9nii i dal\u0161\u00ed iniciativy, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k propagaci a rozvoji technologi\u00ed strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed v Arm\u00e9nii. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed objekt YerevaNN. Je to neziskov\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 laborato\u0159 v oblasti informatiky a matematiky, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na t\u0159i oblasti v\u00fdzkumu: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>predikce \u010dasov\u00fdch \u0159ad l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch dat;<\/li>\n<li>zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho jazyka s hlubok\u00fdm u\u010den\u00edm;<\/li>\n<li>rozvoj arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch \u201estromov\u00fdch bank\u201c (Treebank).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nV zemi tak\u00e9 existuje platforma pro komunitu specialist\u016f na strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed a nad\u0161enc\u016f s n\u00e1zvem ML EVN. Zde prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy, sd\u00edlej\u00ed zdroje a znalosti, organizuj\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed akce, spojuj\u00ed firmy s vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi centry a tak d\u00e1le. Podle ML EVN arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 IT spole\u010dnosti po\u017eaduj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v odv\u011btv\u00ed ML, kter\u00e9 bohu\u017eel arm\u00e9nsk\u00fd vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed a v\u011bdeck\u00fd sektor nem\u016f\u017ee zajistit. P\u0159esto m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mezera ve dovednostech zapln\u011bna trvalej\u0161\u00ed spoluprac\u00ed mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi podniky a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm sektorem.<\/p>\n<h3>Kvantov\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 oblast IT Arm\u00e9nie <\/h3>\n<p>\nP\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee kvantov\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty se stanou dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159elomem v technologii. IBM Q System One, prvn\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b syst\u00e9m kvantov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f ur\u010den\u00fd pro v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a komer\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed, byl p\u0159edstaven p\u0159ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e rokem. To ukazuje, jak revolu\u010dn\u00ed je tato technologie. <\/p>\n<p>Co vlastn\u011b p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed kvantov\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty? Je to nov\u00fd typ v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f, kter\u00fd \u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my nad ur\u010ditou slo\u017eitost\u00ed, se kter\u00fdmi si klasick\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de neum\u00ed poradit. Kvantov\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed objevovat nov\u00e9 v\u011bci v mnoha oblastech \u2013 od zdravotnictv\u00ed po syst\u00e9my ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. K vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu t\u00e9to technologie sta\u010d\u00ed pouze n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed nebo dokonce hodin, zat\u00edmco v obvykl\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by to trvalo miliardy let. <\/p>\n<p>Tvrd\u00ed se, \u017ee kvantov\u00e9 schopnosti zem\u00ed pomohou ur\u010dovat budouc\u00ed ekonomickou strategii, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad jadern\u00e1 energetika ve 20. stolet\u00ed. To vytvo\u0159ilo takzvan\u00fd kvantov\u00fd z\u00e1vod, do kter\u00e9ho se zapojuj\u00ed USA, \u010c\u00edna, Evropa a dokonce i Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod. <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve se zem\u011b zapoj\u00ed do z\u00e1vodu, t\u00edm v\u00edce z\u00edsk\u00e1 nejen technologicky nebo ekonomicky, ale tak\u00e9 politicky.<\/p>\n<p>Arm\u00e9nie \u010din\u00ed prvn\u00ed kroky v kvantov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtech d\u00edky iniciativ\u011b n\u011bkolika specialist\u016f v oblasti fyziky a informatiky. Gate42, ned\u00e1vno vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 v\u011bdecko-v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 skupina slo\u017een\u00e1 z arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch fyzik\u016f, informatik\u016f a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f, je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za o\u00e1zu kvantov\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu v Arm\u00e9nie. <\/p>\n<p>Jejich pr\u00e1ce se to\u010d\u00ed kolem t\u0159\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu;<\/li>\n<li>vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a rozvoj vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed z\u00e1kladny;<\/li>\n<li>zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed mezi technick\u00fdmi specialisty s p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou specializac\u00ed pro rozvoj potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed kari\u00e9ry v oblasti kvantov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPosledn\u00ed bod se zat\u00edm net\u00fdk\u00e1 vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol, ale t\u00fdm postupuje vp\u0159ed s nad\u011bjn\u00fdmi \u00fasp\u011bchy v t\u00e9to oblasti IT.<\/p>\n<h4>Co je Gate42 v Arm\u00e9nii?<\/h4>\n<p>\nT\u00fdm Gate42 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z 12 \u010dlen\u016f (v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f, poradc\u016f a dozor\u010d\u00ed rady), kte\u0159\u00ed jsou doktorsk\u00e9 kandid\u00e1ty a v\u011bdci z arm\u00e9nsk\u00fdch a zahrani\u010dn\u00edch univerzit. Grant Garibyan, doktor filosofie, je v\u011bdec na Stanfordov\u011b univerzit\u011b a tak\u00e9 \u010dlen t\u00fdmu Quantum AI v Google. Plus poradce Gate42, kter\u00fd sd\u00edl\u00ed sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, znalosti a v\u011bnuje se v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci s t\u00fdmem v Arm\u00e9nii. <\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed poradce, Vazgen Akopdjanyan, je spoluzakladatelem Smartgate.vc a pracuje na strategick\u00e9m rozvoji v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 skupiny spolu s \u0159editelem Akopem Avetisyanem. Avetisyan v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee kvantov\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed v Arm\u00e9nii je v tuto chv\u00edli mal\u00e9 a skromn\u00e9, chyb\u00ed mu talenty, v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 laborato\u0159e, vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed programy, fondy atd. <\/p>\n<p>Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i p\u0159i omezen\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch se t\u00fdmu poda\u0159ilo dos\u00e1hnout ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed grantu od Unitary.fund (program se zam\u011b\u0159uje na kvantov\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem pro projekt 'Knihovna s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem pro redukci kvantov\u00fdch chyb: metody kompilace program\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di \u0161umu procesoru');<\/li>\n<li>v\u00fdvoje prototypu kvantov\u00e9ho chatu;<\/li>\n<li>\u00fa\u010dasti na Rigetti Hackathonu, kde v\u011bdci experimentovali s kvantovou p\u0159evahou, a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nT\u00fdm v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee tento sm\u011br m\u00e1 perspektivn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l. Samotn\u00e1 Gate42 ud\u011bl\u00e1 v\u0161e, co je v jej\u00edch sil\u00e1ch, aby Arm\u00e9nie byla zaznamen\u00e1na na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed technologick\u00e9 map\u011b jako zem\u011b s rozvojem kvantov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch projekt\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Defence a kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost jako strategick\u00e1 sf\u00e9ra IT Arm\u00e9nie <\/h3>\n<p>\nZem\u011b, kter\u00e9 vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 zbran\u011b, jsou nez\u00e1vislej\u0161\u00ed a mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jak politicky, tak ekonomicky. Arm\u00e9nie by m\u011bla zv\u00e1\u017eit ot\u00e1zku pos\u00edlen\u00ed a institucionalizace vlastn\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f nejen importem, ale tak\u00e9 jejich v\u00fdrobou. Technologie kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti by m\u011bly b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 v pop\u0159ed\u00ed. To je v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m, nebo\u0165 podle N\u00e1rodn\u00edho indexu kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti m\u00e1 Arm\u00e9nie pouze 25,97 bodu.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201eN\u011bkdy si lid\u00e9 mysl\u00ed, \u017ee jde pouze o zbran\u011b nebo vojenskou techniku. Av\u0161ak v\u00fdroba i mal\u00fdch objem\u016f m\u016f\u017ee zajistit \u0159adu pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst a v\u00fdznamn\u00fd obrat,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 ministr vysok\u00fdch technologi\u00ed Akop Ar\u0161akjan. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nAr\u0161akjan t\u00e9to oblasti p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam ve sv\u00e9 strategii rozvoje sektoru informa\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed v Arm\u00e9nii. N\u011bkolik firem, jako je Astromaps, vyr\u00e1b\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro helikopt\u00e9ry a poskytuje ministerstvu obrany informace pro modernizaci arm\u00e1dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b Arm\u00e9nie p\u0159edstavila vojensk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky na v\u00fdstav\u011b IDEX (Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrann\u00e1 konference a v\u00fdstava) ve Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1tech v \u00fanoru 2019, v\u010detn\u011b elektrooptick\u00e9ho a dal\u0161\u00edho vojensk\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Arm\u00e9nie usiluje o v\u00fdrobu vojensk\u00e9 techniky nejen pro vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159ebu, ale tak\u00e9 na export.<br \/>\nPodle Karena Vardanjana, gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele Unie pokro\u010dil\u00fdch technologi\u00ed a podnik\u016f (UATE) v Arm\u00e9nie, pot\u0159ebuje arm\u00e1da IT specialisty je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e jin\u00e9 oblasti. Navrhuje student\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed studuj\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed technologie, m\u00edt mo\u017enost slou\u017eit v arm\u00e1d\u011b a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pokra\u010dovat ve studiu, v\u011bnovat 4-6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f v roce v\u00fdzkumu na d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se arm\u00e1dy. Vardanjan tak\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee rostouc\u00ed technick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l v zemi, nap\u0159\u00edklad studenti Armath Engineering Laboratories, m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1sledn\u011b hr\u00e1t d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch v arm\u00e1d\u011b. <\/p>\n<p>Armath je vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed program vytvo\u0159en\u00fd UATE v syst\u00e9mu st\u00e1tn\u00edch \u0161kol v Arm\u00e9nii. V kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dase dos\u00e1hl projekt v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f a v sou\u010dasnosti m\u00e1 270 laborato\u0159\u00ed s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 7000 \u017e\u00e1ky v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch Arm\u00e9nie a Arcy.<br \/>\nR\u016fzn\u00e9 arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9 podniky se tak\u00e9 zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad fond ArmSec sdru\u017euje odborn\u00edky na kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost s c\u00edlem spolupracovat se st\u00e1tem na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek. Znepokojeni \u010dast\u00fdmi ro\u010dn\u00edmi \u00faniky dat a kybernetick\u00fdmi \u00fatoky v Arm\u00e9nii, t\u00fdm nab\u00edz\u00ed sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro vojensk\u00e9 a obrann\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, stejn\u011b jako pro dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed a soukrom\u00e9 instituce, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed ochranu dat a komunikace.<\/p>\n<p>Po n\u011bkolika letech tvrd\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a vytrvalosti fond ozn\u00e1mil spolupr\u00e1ci s Ministerstvem obrany, co\u017e umo\u017enilo vytvo\u0159it nov\u00fd a spolehliv\u00fd opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m nazvan\u00fd PN-Linux. Ten bude zam\u011b\u0159en na digit\u00e1ln\u00ed transformaci a kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost. Toto ozn\u00e1men\u00ed bylo u\u010din\u011bno na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed konferenci ArmSec 2018 Samvelem Martirosyanem, kter\u00fd je \u0159editelem fondu ArmSec. Tato iniciativa zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee Arm\u00e9nie se stane o krok bl\u00ed\u017ee elektronick\u00e9 spr\u00e1v\u011b a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat \u2013 probl\u00e9m, se kter\u00fdm se zem\u011b v\u017edy sna\u017eila bojovat.<\/p>\n<p>Na z\u00e1v\u011br dod\u00e1me, \u017ee arm\u00e9nsk\u00fd technologick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl by se m\u011bl zam\u011b\u0159it nejen na t\u0159i v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 oblasti. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto t\u0159i oblasti mohou m\u00edt nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv, vezmeme-li v \u00favahu existuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed projekty, vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed programy a rostouc\u00ed talenty, stejn\u011b jako v\u00fdzna\u010dnou roli, kterou hraj\u00ed na sv\u011btov\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u011b jako technologick\u00e9 pr\u016flomy. Startupy nav\u00edc umo\u017en\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it \u017eivotn\u00ed pot\u0159eby a probl\u00e9my v\u011bt\u0161iny oby\u010dejn\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f Arm\u00e9nie.<\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k rychl\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou v sektoru IT na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00e9, bude na konci roku 2019 arm\u00e9nsk\u00fd obraz ur\u010dit\u011b jin\u00fd \u2013 s vysp\u011blej\u0161\u00edm startupov\u00fdm ekosyst\u00e9mem, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdmi v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi laborato\u0159emi, efektivn\u00edmi vyn\u00e1lezy a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi produkty.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/470511\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0411\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0435 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\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439. \u0418 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443: 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