{"id":53161,"date":"2019-11-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-24T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/deti-v-internete-kak-obespechit-kiberbezopasnost-samyh-uyazvimyh-polzovatelej"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:02","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:02","slug":"deti-v-internete-kak-obespechit-kiberbezopasnost-samyh-uyazvimyh-polzovatelej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/deti-v-internete-kak-obespechit-kiberbezopasnost-samyh-uyazvimyh-polzovatelej","title":{"rendered":"D\u011bti na internetu: jak zajistit kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"D\u011bti na internetu: jak zajistit kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/215439a8ae26ff75ede3ce683672e45f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nProbl\u00e9m s mlad\u00fdmi u\u017eivateli smartphon\u016f, tablet\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edstupem na internet spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 nejen v tom, \u017ee d\u011bti mohou n\u00e1hodou vid\u011bt, p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst si nebo st\u00e1hnout n\u011bco nevhodn\u00e9ho pro jejich v\u011bk, ale tak\u00e9 v tom, \u017ee kv\u016fli nedostatku \u017eivotn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed a znalost\u00ed jsou velmi zraniteln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di \u010din\u016fm zlo\u010dinc\u016f. Hor\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee d\u011bti se mohou st\u00e1t nejen ob\u011btmi, ale tak\u00e9 n\u00e1strojem podvodn\u00edk\u016f. Co s t\u00edm d\u011blat?<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nRodi\u010d\u016fm je zcela v sil\u00e1ch zajistit d\u011btem (a tedy cel\u00e9 rodin\u011b) digit\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost. Nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je pou\u017e\u00edt komplexn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd spojuje vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed prvky a softwarov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 ochr\u00e1nit d\u011bti p\u0159ed kybernetick\u00fdmi hrozbami a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jim umo\u017enit vyu\u017e\u00edvat v\u0161echny v\u00fdhody digit\u00e1ln\u00edho sv\u011bta. N\u00ed\u017ee uvedeme n\u011bkolik doporu\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1m pomohou minimalizovat rizika. Ale nejd\u0159\u00edve si objasn\u011bme, co konkr\u00e9tn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee d\u00edt\u011bti v internetov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed hrozit.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak\u00e1 rizika existuj\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/life.ru\/t\/%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8\/943048\/bolieie_70_dietiei_v_krupnykh_ghorodakh_ighraiut_na_planshietakh_i_smartfonakh\">Podle statistik<\/a><\/noindex>, do 10 let m\u00e1 prakticky ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b (91 %), \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed ve velk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b v Rusku, ji\u017e sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed gadget \u2014 smartphone nebo tablet. Pro d\u011bti je to n\u00e1stroj pro komunikaci, z\u00e1bavu a u\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e rodi\u010de p\u0159i jeho koupi nej\u010dast\u011bji <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nielsen.com\/us\/en\/insights\/article\/2017\/mobile-kids--the-parent-the-child-and-the-smartphone\/\">\u0159\u00edd\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o bezpe\u010dnost<\/a><\/noindex>, nebo\u0165 d\u00edt\u011b se smartphonem je v\u017edy v kontaktu a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt lokalizov\u00e1no pomoc\u00ed geografick\u00e9ho ur\u010den\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je smartphone nebo tablet pr\u016fchodem pro kyberzlo\u010dince v\u0161ech typ\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro zlod\u011bje osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed r\u00e1di ukradnou elektronick\u00e9 informace o d\u00edt\u011bti. V USA objemy podvod\u016f s vyu\u017eit\u00edm osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed dosahuj\u00ed miliard dolar\u016f: pachatel\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \"\u010dist\u00e9\" digit\u00e1ln\u00ed identity k otev\u0159en\u00ed n\u011bkolika \u00fav\u011brov\u00fdch lini\u00ed najednou.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed rizikovou oblast\u00ed je nevhodn\u00fd obsah, kter\u00fd d\u011bti vid\u00ed a \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed. A nejde jen o n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed sc\u00e9ny: i zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch fotografi\u00ed d\u011btmi m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>To v\u0161ak zdaleka nen\u00ed v\u0161echno: arzen\u00e1l internetov\u00fdch podvodn\u00edk\u016f je mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na n\u011bkolik nejtypi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f kybernetick\u00fdch p\u0159estupk\u016f. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\"Inteligentn\u00ed\" dom\u00e1cnost.<\/b> St\u00e1le v\u00edce rodin pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 doma internetov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: chytr\u00e9 zvonky, p\u0159ipojen\u00e9 videokamery, kamery pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Co se ale stane, kdy\u017e se k nim dostanou podvodn\u00edci a proniknou do s\u00edt\u011b p\u0159es d\u011btsk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed? Jeden vyd\u011b\u0161en\u00fd americk\u00fd p\u00e1r <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.click2houston.com\/news\/man-hacks-wireless-baby-monitor-makes-vulgar-threats-to-memorial-family\">se dozv\u011bd\u011bl odpov\u011b\u010f na tuto ot\u00e1zku<\/a><\/noindex>, kdy\u017e zlo\u010dinec hacknul za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v jejich dom\u011b a p\u0159edst\u00edral, \u017ee unesl jejich syna. Zlod\u011bji mohou tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt hacknut\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k \"pr\u016fzkumu\" domu p\u0159ed obsazen\u00edm. <\/li>\n<li><b>\u0160koln\u00ed Wi-Fi.<\/b> Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 se p\u0159ipojit k internetu prakticky v ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u0161kole, alespo\u0148 v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, ale je to bezpe\u010dn\u00e9? Hacke\u0159i mohou snadno prolomit hesla a z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k \u0161koln\u00edm s\u00edt\u00edm. Pokud nen\u00ed provoz chr\u00e1n\u011bn a \u0161ifrov\u00e1n, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se zraniteln\u00fdm v\u016f\u010di MITM \u00fatok\u016fm, p\u0159i nich\u017e zlo\u010dinci mohou zachytit osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje jak\u00e9hokoli d\u00edt\u011bte. <\/li>\n<li><b>Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 Wi-Fi zdarma<\/b>. Parky, rychl\u00e9 restaurace a dal\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 prostory s bezplatn\u00fdm Wi-Fi jsou skute\u010dn\u00fdm l\u00e1kadlem pro teenagery, kte\u0159\u00ed si u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pobyt na takov\u00fdch m\u00edstech po (nebo m\u00edsto) \u0161koln\u00edch aktivit. Hacke\u0159i to v\u011bd\u00ed a vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 hotspoty pro MITM \u00fatoky a kr\u00e1de\u017ee dat \u2013 je to je\u0161t\u011b jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hackov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161koln\u00edho Wi-Fi.<\/li>\n<li><b>Nevhodn\u00fd obsah<\/b>. Zv\u011bdavost je p\u0159irozenou vlastnost\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte, ale m\u016f\u017ee je p\u0159iv\u00e9st na m\u00edsta, kam by se d\u011bti nem\u011bly dostat. Internet je pln\u00fd zdroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed obsah kategorie 18+ \u201ebez registrace a SMS\u201c. Aby na n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho narazily, ani se nemus\u00ed hrabat v temn\u00fdch z\u00e1kout\u00edch internetu. Je dobr\u00e9 si vzpomenout na p\u0159\u00edpad hackov\u00e1n\u00ed Wi-Fi v moskevsk\u00e9m metru, kdy m\u00edsto obvykl\u00e9 \u00favodn\u00ed str\u00e1nky se d\u011btem (i ostatn\u00edm) zobrazovalo skute\u010dn\u00e9 porno. A spolu s nevhodn\u00fdm obsahem se \u010dasto dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 programy.<\/li>\n<li><b>Podez\u0159el\u00e9 aplikace a viry<\/b>. Nakazit se virusem lze nejen na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u201epro dosp\u011bl\u00e9\u201c. \u0160kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skryt i v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, stahovan\u00fdch z P2P zdroj\u016f nebo dokonce z Google Play, kter\u00e9 d\u011bti tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><b>Phishingov\u00e9 e-maily<\/b>. V\u00edce ne\u017e 90 % kybernetick\u00fdch hrozeb, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.trendmicro.com\/vinfo\/us\/security\/research-and-analysis\/threat-reports\/roundup\/evasive-threats-pervasive-effects\">kter\u00e9 zjistila spole\u010dnost Trend Micro<\/a><\/noindex> V prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b roku 2019 byly zasl\u00e1ny e-mailem. Phishingov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy se \u010dasto maskuj\u00ed jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00edsmena nebo dokonce p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed od zn\u00e1m\u00fdch, jejich\u017e \u00fa\u010dty byly hacknuty, proto je pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9 n\u011bkdy obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 je rozpoznat. Pokud takov\u00fd e-mail otev\u0159ete, m\u016f\u017eete si st\u00e1hnout na sv\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed velmi nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd software, kter\u00fd bude kr\u00e1st d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace nebo vym\u00e1hat pen\u00edze.<\/li>\n<li><b>Sextortion \u2014 vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed obsahem sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed povahy<\/b>. Modern\u00ed d\u011bti jsou technicky zdatn\u00e9 stejn\u011b jako jejich rodi\u010de, ale ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s dosp\u011bl\u00fdmi jsou mnohem d\u016fv\u011b\u0159iv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a zraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Snadno je zm\u00e1st, a toho vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed vyd\u011bra\u010di. Podv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed teenagery s tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee je nato\u010dili v kompromituj\u00edc\u00ed situaci p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159es jejich webovou kameru a po\u017eaduj\u00ed pen\u00edze, hroz\u00edc\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00edm kompromituj\u00edc\u00edho obsahu. Od konce roku 2018 se po\u010det t\u011bchto trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.trendmicro.com\/vinfo\/us\/security\/research-and-analysis\/threat-reports\/roundup\/evasive-threats-pervasive-effects\">zv\u00fd\u0161il \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed informac\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch<\/b>. Kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed \u2014 nen\u00ed silnou str\u00e1nkou teenager\u016f, a proto nejsou v\u017edy vyb\u00edrav\u00ed v p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed. D\u011bti \u010dasto nep\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed o tom, s k\u00fdm \u201ekamar\u00e1d\u00ed\u201c, kolik informac\u00ed sd\u00edlej\u00ed a k \u010demu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st nadm\u011brn\u00e1 otev\u0159enost na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch. A d\u016fsledky mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fznorod\u00e9 \u2014 od drobn\u00e9ho trapasu a\u017e po rozs\u00e1hlou internetovou \u0161ikanu a dokonce i offline pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, jak tomu bylo ned\u00e1vno v Penze. <\/li>\n<li><b>Sexting<\/b>, tedy v\u00fdm\u011bna zpr\u00e1v a fotografi\u00ed sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed povahy, kter\u00e1 je mnoh\u00fdmi teenagery pova\u017eov\u00e1na za zcela norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. Ve skute\u010dnosti mohou m\u00edt takov\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 psychologick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky a tak\u00e9 p\u0159it\u00e1hnout pozornost \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, takov\u00fd obsah se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t zdrojem probl\u00e9m\u016f, pokud se dostane do rukou podvodn\u00edk\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>A co d\u011blat?<\/h3>\n<p>\nJe dobr\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edt s uv\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fdm rozhovorem s d\u00edt\u011btem: pod\u011blte se o sv\u00e9 obavy, hovo\u0159te o nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed, dejte n\u011bkolik rad, kter\u00e9 pomohou z\u016fstat v bezpe\u010d\u00ed. P\u0159i tom je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nep\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bt, uk\u00e1zat d\u00edt\u011bti, \u017ee v\u00e1s poh\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de a snaha chr\u00e1nit ho, nikoli touha kontrolovat jeho \u017eivot.<\/p>\n<h3>Zde je n\u011bkolik tip\u016f:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>nau\u010dte d\u011bti p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, ne\u017e kliknou na jak\u00e9koli tla\u010d\u00edtka a odkazy, zejm\u00e9na v e-mailech;<\/li>\n<li>Nainstalujte na v\u0161echny d\u011btsk\u00e9 gadgety kvalitn\u00ed antivirus od prov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch firem;<\/li>\n<li>Najd\u011bte a nainstalujte software, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee kontrolovat a aktualizovat nastaven\u00ed soukrom\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch;<\/li>\n<li>Doporu\u010dte d\u011btem stahovat aplikace pouze z ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch obchod\u016f a vyh\u00fdbat se pochybn\u00edm P2P zdroj\u016fm;<\/li>\n<li>Nastavte software pro rodi\u010dovskou kontrolu: s n\u00edm m\u016f\u017eete blokovat nevhodn\u00fd obsah a pochybn\u00e9 aplikace, stejn\u011b jako omezovat dobu str\u00e1venou na obrazovce;<\/li>\n<li>Nau\u010dte d\u011bti zodpov\u011bdn\u011b p\u0159istupovat k obsahu, kter\u00fd sd\u00edl\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch, a pe\u010dliv\u011b vyb\u00edrat si internetov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1tele;<\/li>\n<li>Proberte s teenage\u0159i sexting a d\u016fsledky, kter\u00e9 by mohl p\u0159in\u00e9st;<\/li>\n<li>Pov\u011bzte d\u011btem, \u017ee ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 a \u0161koln\u00ed Wi-Fi m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, a nau\u010dte je p\u0159ipojovat se p\u0159es zabezpe\u010den\u00fd VPN kan\u00e1l.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\n<b>K tomu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pot\u0159eba n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed sada softwaru: <\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Program pro rodi\u010dovskou kontrolu, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje omezen\u00ed doby str\u00e1ven\u00e9 na obrazovce, blokov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky a aplikace, stejn\u011b jako ochranu gadget\u016f \u201echytr\u00e9\u201c dom\u00e1cnosti (nap\u0159\u00edklad AiProtection v Wi-Fi sm\u011brova\u010d\u00edch ASUS, nebo podobn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed funkce vyvinut\u00e9 Trend Micro pro v\u00fdrobce dom\u00e1c\u00edch sm\u011brova\u010d\u016f, jako jsou TP-Link, Linksys a dal\u0161\u00ed); <\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1stroj na ochranu p\u0159ed phishingov\u00fdmi e-maily a weby, kter\u00e9 ukradnou osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje, a minimalizaci \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed informac\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch (to zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad Trend Micro Security);<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1stroj na ochranu smartphonu a tabletu p\u0159ed e-mailov\u00fdmi a webov\u00fdmi hrozbami, stejn\u011b jako p\u0159ed malwarem skryt\u00fdm v aplikac\u00edch (v na\u0161em portfoliu za to odpov\u00edd\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 Trend Micro Mobile Security); <\/li>\n<li>Spr\u00e1vce hesel, kter\u00fd pom\u016f\u017ee d\u011btem (a dosp\u011bl\u00fdm) vytv\u00e1\u0159et slo\u017eit\u00e1 hesla a uchov\u00e1vat je na bezpe\u010dn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b \u2014 i kdy\u017e n\u011bjak\u00fd d\u011btsk\u00fd \u00fa\u010det bude napaden, ostatn\u00ed z\u016fstanou chr\u00e1n\u011bny (viz Trend Micro Password Manager); <\/li>\n<li>VPN kan\u00e1l s \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00edm na \u00farovni bank, zabezpe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159i p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 Wi-Fi (pro to nab\u00edz\u00edme Trend Micro Wi-Fi Protection s podporou Windows, Mac, iOS a Android).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/trendmicro\/blog\/477014\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u044e\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 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