{"id":53429,"date":"2019-12-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-30T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/pisateli-piraty-i-piastry"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:20","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:20","slug":"pisateli-piraty-i-piastry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/pisateli-piraty-i-piastry","title":{"rendered":"Spisovatel\u00e9, pir\u00e1ti a piast\u0159i","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se v posledn\u00edch dvaceti letech stala v oblasti liter\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, je takzvan\u00e1 \u201einternetov\u00e1 literatura\u201c. <\/p>\n

P\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety se spisovatel\u016fm naskytla mo\u017enost vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat na liter\u00e1rn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci bez zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f v podob\u011b nakladatelstv\u00ed, a to p\u0159\u00edmou prac\u00ed se \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i. O tom jsem ve sv\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku «Spisovatel\u00e9 prod<\/a><\/noindex>«.<\/p>\n

K tomu lze pouze opakovat za synem tureck\u00e9ho poddan\u00e9ho: \u201eSplnil se sen idiota\u201c.<\/p>\n

V\u0161echno, komunismus nastoupil. U\u017e se nemus\u00edte poni\u017eovat p\u0159ed nakladatelstv\u00edm, prosit o vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 \u010dekat m\u011bs\u00edce, nebo dokonce roky, ne\u017e vydaj\u00ed va\u0161i knihu. U\u017e se nemus\u00edte z\u0159\u00edkat v\u011bt\u0161iny pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 jste vyd\u011blali sv\u00fdm talentem, kdy\u017e dost\u00e1v\u00e1te uboh\u00e9 autorsk\u00e9 honor\u00e1\u0159e ve v\u00fd\u0161i 10 rubl\u016f na knihu. Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba spl\u0148ovat jejich idiotsk\u00e9 po\u017eadavky, nen\u00ed t\u0159eba nahrazovat slovo \u201eprdel\u201c, zjednodu\u0161ovat nebo zkracovat text.<\/p>\n

Kone\u010dn\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 pracovat se sv\u00fdmi \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159\u00edmo \u2013 tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159. \u010cestn\u011b a p\u0159\u00edmo se jim pod\u00edvat do o\u010d\u00ed, nal\u00e9hav\u011b m\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm \u010depic\u00ed s drobn\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n

Kone\u010dn\u011b v\u0161echno poctiv\u011b: ty, tvoje knihy a tvoji la\u010dn\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n

\"Spisovatel\u00e9,<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pravda, pom\u011brn\u011b rychle si \u010dlov\u011bk musel vzpomenout, \u017ee poctivost je jedna z nejnep\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch lidsk\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee zbaven\u00edm se jedn\u011bch probl\u00e9m\u016f spisovatel\u00e9 na sebe nalo\u017eili plnou n\u00e1ru\u010d dal\u0161\u00edch. <\/p>\n

P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s nakladatelstv\u00edm m\u011bl spisovatel m\u00e1lo starost\u00ed \u2013 napsat text, kter\u00fd nakladatelstv\u00ed pot\u0159ebuje, a nedovolit nakladatelstv\u00ed, aby mu sedlo na hlavu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se ob\u010das sna\u017eil dos\u00e1hnout vz\u00e1jemn\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s \u010dten\u00e1\u0159em p\u0159\u00edmo se rychle uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee v\u0161echno je t\u0159eba d\u011blat s\u00e1m \u2013 a spr\u00e1vn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bt v \u201e\u0436\u044b-\u0448\u044b\u201c pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 p\u00edsmena, kr\u00e1st obr\u00e1zky na ob\u00e1lky, a n\u011bkde lovit nov\u00e9 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e. Pokud bychom to m\u011bli \u0159\u00edci p\u0159\u00edmo, ty, talentovan\u00fd spisovateli Imjarek, se st\u00e1v\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivnostn\u00edkem nebo, \u0159ekn\u011bme, dom\u00e1c\u00edm v\u00fdrobcem. A co je na tom \u0161patn\u011b? Dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdrobce, jak v\u0161em \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm Slovn\u00edku U\u0161akova zn\u00e1mo, je \u201eosoba zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdrobou doma za \u00fa\u010delem prodeje na trhu, \u0159emesln\u00edk\u201c.<\/p>\n

A proto\u017ee se podnik\u00e1n\u00edm zab\u00fdv\u00e1\u0161 v netradi\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, tedy ve zn\u00e1m\u00e9 \"po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 s\u00edti Internet\", st\u00e1v\u00e1\u0161 se nejen \"in\u017een\u00fdrem lidsk\u00fdch du\u0161\u00ed pro dobrodruhy\", ale tak\u00e9 skute\u010dn\u00fdm internetov\u00fdm projektem. A tento internetov\u00fd projekt mus\u00ed\u0161 realizovat, a to co nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bji. Tv\u00e9 knihy, promi\u0148 za hrubost, u\u017e nejsou pouze hm... um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla, produkt lidsk\u00e9ho g\u00e9nia, ale i oby\u010dejn\u00fdm produktem, prod\u00e1van\u00fdm online.<\/p>\n

A tato dualita nov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek, tento mix v\u011b\u017ee zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e s tr\u017ei\u0161t\u011bm, tato kombinace vysok\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed a n\u00edzk\u00e9ho, prodejnick\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed v jednom balen\u00ed je nejen zdrojem mnoha pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 nut\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it \u0159adu probl\u00e9m\u016f spojen\u00fdch s \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm tohoto ne\u010dekan\u00e9ho internetov\u00e9ho projektu.<\/p>\n

O n\u011bkter\u00fdch z nich, pokud bude z\u00e1jem, r\u00e1d pov\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Ale t\u00e9ma prvn\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku se nab\u00edz\u00ed samo \u2014 je to t\u00e9ma pir\u00e1tstv\u00ed<\/b>, se kter\u00fdm se setk\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd autor sna\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se monetizovat sv\u016fj liter\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdkon na s\u00edti.<\/p>\n

Hned na \u00favod \u0159eknu \u2014 dokonale ch\u00e1pu toxi\u010dnost a diskusnost tohoto t\u00e9matu. Proto se pokus\u00edm b\u00fdt opatrn\u00fd ve formulac\u00edch, i p\u0159es m\u016fj 'ajluli-poganalytics' styl v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka: Vad\u00ed internetov\u00e9 pir\u00e1tstv\u00ed prodeji knih na s\u00edti?<\/h3>\n

\nBohu\u017eel, odpov\u011b\u010f je jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 \u2014 ano, vad\u00ed. <\/p>\n

P\u0159i \"pap\u00edrov\u00e9m\" vyd\u00e1n\u00ed knihy je ot\u00e1zka st\u00e1le diskutabiln\u00ed \u2014 nenarazil jsem na p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 vyvracen\u00ed argumentu, \u017ee publikum kupuj\u00edc\u00ed \"pap\u00edry\" a publikum stahuj\u00edc\u00ed soubory na Flibust\u011b jsou prakticky neslu\u010diteln\u00e9. <\/p>\n

P\u0159i online prodeji je nesmysln\u00e9 pop\u00edrat to o\u010dividn\u00e9 \u2014 jak pir\u00e1ti, tak auto\u0159i prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u00e9 knihy c\u00edl\u00ed na stejn\u00e9 publikum.<\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc existuje dostate\u010dn\u011b podlo\u017een\u00fd n\u00e1zor, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b zes\u00edlen\u00fd boj proti pir\u00e1tstv\u00ed umo\u017enil fenom\u00e9n \"profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch internetov\u00fdch spisovatel\u016f\". Vlajkov\u00e1 lo\u010f elektronick\u00fdch prodej\u016f knih \u2014 \"LitRes\" byla po dlouhou dobu pro \"EKS\u041c\u041e\" dotovan\u00fdm projektem, a a\u017e po tvrd\u00e9m protirajsk\u00e9m z\u00e1konu z roku 2015 se stala ziskovou. <\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na to, jak moc klesl pod\u00edl neleg\u00e1ln\u00edho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed (vid\u011bl jsem \u010d\u00edsla, \u017ee v prvn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch klesl z 98 % na 90 %, ale na \u010dem jsou zalo\u017eena, netu\u0161\u00edm), ale fakt z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 faktem \u2014 po\u010det n\u00e1kup\u016f elektronick\u00fdch knih od druh\u00e9 poloviny roku 2015 prudce vzrostl.<\/p>\n

Tak popul\u00e1rn\u00ed autor Pavel Kornev jednou zve\u0159ejnil <\/a><\/noindex>graf prodeje sv\u00fdch knih na LitRes (v kusech), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e tam nebyly novinky, pouze star\u0161\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je dost n\u00e1zorn\u00fd:<\/p>\n

\"Spisovatel\u00e9,
\n
\nUpozor\u0148uji, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u011b nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 sni\u017eovat r\u016fst leg\u00e1ln\u00edch prodej\u016f na antikop\u00edrovac\u00ed \u010dinnost. Minim\u00e1ln\u011b stejn\u011b v\u00fdznamnou roli sehr\u00e1l faktor vzniku pohodln\u00fdch slu\u017eeb pro n\u00e1kupy online a mo\u017enosti zaplatit \"ve dvou kliknut\u00edch\". Ale pop\u00edrat jeho roli by bylo divn\u00e9 \u2014 samotn\u00fd odchod Flibusty do podzem\u00ed nasm\u011broval tis\u00edcov\u00e9 davy technicky nevzd\u011blan\u00fdch k leg\u00e1ln\u00edm obchod\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: Vy\u0159e\u0161il antikop\u00edrovac\u00ed z\u00e1kon probl\u00e9m kni\u017en\u00edho pir\u00e1tstv\u00ed?<\/h3>\n

\nBohu\u017eel, odpov\u011b\u010f je stejn\u011b jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 \u2014 ne, nevy\u0159e\u0161il. <\/p>\n

Ano, Flibusta je v podzem\u00ed a jej\u00ed publikum zna\u010dn\u011b kleslo. Ano, prodej knih b\u011bhem psan\u00ed\/nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017enil \"vyn\u00e9st z rovnice\" pir\u00e1ty. A ano, pr\u00e1v\u011b pen\u00edze z\u00edskan\u00e9 b\u011bhem zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed knihy tvo\u0159\u00ed 80-90 % jej\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f.<\/p>\n

Ale prodeji dokon\u010den\u00e9 knihy zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed na Flibust\u011b \u0161kod\u00ed, a to dost podstatn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jako p\u0159\u00edklad \u2014 graf prodeje jedn\u00e9 dosti popul\u00e1rn\u00ed knihy na \"Autor.Tuday\":<\/p>\n

\"Spisovatel\u00e9,
\n
\nKoment\u00e1\u0159e, jak si mysl\u00edm, jsou zbyte\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

T\u00edm p\u00e1dem m\u016f\u017eeme konstatovat, \u017ee odchod knihy k pir\u00e1t\u016fm \u0161kod\u00ed \"dlouh\u00fdm\" prodej\u016fm. Pokud mluv\u00edme o vlivu tohoto faktoru na \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed projekt\u016f, poznamen\u00e1m, \u017ee n\u00e1zory projektov\u00fdch mana\u017eer\u016f se rozd\u011blily.<\/p>\n

Mnoho autor\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00edm na Flibust\u011b, uzav\u00edr\u00e1 mo\u017enost sta\u017een\u00ed knihy a ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze \u010dten\u00ed na webu. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee knihy, kter\u00e9 nelze st\u00e1hnout, jsou \u010dast\u011bji chr\u00e1n\u011bny p\u0159ed pir\u00e1tstv\u00edm. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b to v\u0161ak p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 nepohodl\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, co\u017e jednozna\u010dn\u011b nenahr\u00e1v\u00e1 prodeji \u2014 ne ka\u017ed\u00fd chce b\u00fdt za sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze p\u0159ipout\u00e1n k obrazovce. Tak\u017ee je op\u011bt ot\u00e1zka, co v\u00edce po\u0161kozuje prodeje, pir\u00e1ti nebo nemo\u017enost st\u00e1hnout. Ot\u00e1zka z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 diskutabiln\u00ed; popul\u00e1rn\u00ed auto\u0159i d\u011blaj\u00ed to i ono. P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b je to o tom, \u017ee popul\u00e1rn\u00ed autory pir\u00e1t\u00ed stejn\u011b, a\u0165 u\u017e st\u00e1hnout uzav\u0159ou, nebo ne. <\/p>\n

Na druhou stranu s \u00fapadkem Flibusty u\u017e nejsou v\u0161ichni pir\u00e1t\u011bni, co\u017e vyvolalo soci\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed mezi autory a novou nad\u00e1vku v mnoha sporech autor\u016f: \"Ty jsi v\u016fbec Neuloviteln\u00fd Joe!\".<\/p>\n

Posledn\u00ed pozn\u00e1mka k t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti \u2014 zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed na Flibust\u011b \u0161kod\u00ed prodeji, ale nezru\u0161uje jej. Jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, procento publika, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed k pir\u00e1t\u016fm po nutnosti dostat se do knihovny 'zadn\u00edm vchodem', se neust\u00e1le sni\u017euje. Kvalitn\u00ed knihy se prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed i p\u0159i zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed na Flibust\u011b, a to ve zcela komer\u010dn\u00edch mno\u017estv\u00edch \u2014 v\u00e1\u0161 pokorn\u00fd sluha b\u011bhem m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159\u00edtomnosti na 'Autor.Tudy' z\u00edskal za pomal\u00fd prodej jedin\u00e9ho placen\u00e9ho svazku 'V boj jde...' \u010d\u00e1stku p\u0159es 100 tis\u00edc rubl\u016f. To v\u0161e p\u0159itom p\u0159i tom, \u017ee nejsem zrovna topov\u00fd autor.<\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, z\u00e1sadn\u00ed \u2014 jak\u00e9 jsou vyhl\u00eddky kni\u017en\u00edho pir\u00e1tstv\u00ed v Rusku?<\/h3>\n

\nOt\u00e1zka je ve skute\u010dnosti velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 \u2014 neodpov\u011bd\u011bli jsme na ot\u00e1zku, pro\u010d je kni\u017en\u00ed pir\u00e1tstv\u00ed v Rusku tak odoln\u00e9, nikdy nepochop\u00edme, jak s n\u00edm bojovat.<\/p>\n

Tady nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f, mohu pouze p\u0159edlo\u017eit sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u00favahy ohledn\u011b t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e, v rozporu s obvykl\u00fdm, za\u010dnu od konce \u2014 nejprve \u0159eknu roz\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, a pak se pokus\u00edm je zd\u016fvodnit.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina pir\u00e1tsk\u00e9 odolnosti se d\u00e1 popsat jednou v\u011btou: Technick\u00fd pokrok sr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed dohromady kreativitu a etiku.<\/b><\/p>\n

A te\u010f trochu podrobn\u011bji. T\u0159i d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 body.<\/p>\n

Za prv\u00e9: co se stalo? S rozvojem technick\u00e9ho pokroku se prost\u0159edky na reprodukci informac\u00ed staly tak jednoduch\u00fdmi a dostupn\u00fdmi, \u017ee je m\u016f\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvat kdokoli, i ten nejv\u00edce nevzd\u011blan\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk. A\u0165 u\u017e jde o reprodukci informac\u00ed, nebo o \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch kopi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9: jak\u00e9 to m\u011blo n\u00e1sledky? Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b takov\u00e9, \u017ee je de facto nemo\u017en\u00e9 udr\u017eet v\u00fdhradn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed kreativn\u00ed lid\u00e9 \u2014 hudebn\u00edci, spisovatel\u00e9, filma\u0159i atd. Ka\u017ed\u00fd se dnes stal sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm nakladatelem, studi\u00ed pro nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zvuku i tov\u00e1rnou na v\u00fdrobu filmov\u00fdch kopi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Za t\u0159et\u00ed: jak se to zhor\u0161ilo? T\u00edm, \u017ee se v t\u00e9m\u017ee obdob\u00ed stalo z\u00e1bav\u011bn\u00ed lid\u00ed vysoce organizovan\u00fdm a mocn\u00fdm podnikatelsk\u00fdm odv\u011btv\u00edm s obrovsk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy, o kter\u00e9 nikdo nechce p\u0159ij\u00edt. P\u0159\u00edjmy spisovatel\u016f se toho dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed v nejmen\u0161\u00edm, ale normy autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va ur\u010duj\u00ed oni.<\/p>\n

Z pohledu dr\u017eitel\u016f autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v byla zvolena hlavn\u00ed strategie odporu proti pokroku, kter\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 d\u00e1 shrnout do jedn\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze: \u201eV\u0161ichni, kte\u0159\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mistrovsk\u00e1 d\u00edla nebyla z\u00edsk\u00e1na s p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00edm tv\u016frc\u016f (a jejich potomk\u016f), jsou zlod\u011bji a ni\u010demov\u00e9.\u201c<\/p>\n

A d\u00e1le situace narazila na ze\u010f. Ochr\u00e1nci autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va st\u00e1le v\u00edce br\u00e1n\u00ed svobodn\u00e9mu \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, zat\u00edmco spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 produkt\u016f autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va v pln\u00e9m souladu s p\u0159\u00edslov\u00edm \u201evoda si v\u017edy cestu najde\u201c vym\u00fd\u0161leli nov\u00e9 a st\u00e1le sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vznik\u00e1 nov\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: pro\u010d? Pro\u010d se spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 chovaj\u00ed tak \u0161patn\u011b? <\/h3>\n

\nPro\u010d nenaslouchaj\u00ed v\u00fdzv\u00e1m a st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nez\u00e1konn\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 kopie? V\u00fdrobci to obvykle vysv\u011btluj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee lid\u00e9 jsou od za\u010d\u00e1tku zka\u017een\u00ed, a pokud maj\u00ed mo\u017enost kr\u00e1st beztrestn\u011b, nevyhnuteln\u011b ukradnou. Proto je t\u0159eba je siln\u011bji p\u0159et\u011b\u017eovat, aby se zdr\u017eeli tak ne\u010destn\u00e9ho \u010dinu.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli tuto my\u0161lenku zcela nepop\u00edr\u00e1m, poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee stejn\u00fd technick\u00fd pokrok zna\u010dn\u011b usnadnil nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159\u00edmou kr\u00e1de\u017e. Nam\u00edsto tradi\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 kr\u00e1mky, kde byly zbo\u017e\u00ed vystaveny mimo dosah z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f a chr\u00e1n\u011bny mohutn\u00fdm majitelem s palic\u00ed pod pultem, nyn\u00ed m\u00e1me supermarkety, kde si m\u016f\u017eete vz\u00edt do rukou, co v\u00e1m du\u0161e p\u0159eje. A p\u0159esto, i kdy\u017e se kr\u00e1de\u017ee v supermarketech zv\u00fd\u0161ily, rozhodn\u011b nez\u00edskaly masov\u00fd charakter a v podstat\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed relativn\u011b mal\u00e9 skupiny margin\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d? Je to velmi jednoduch\u00e9: kr\u00e1de\u017e v obchodech lid\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed za kr\u00e1de\u017e a cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti se, odsuzuj\u00edc kr\u00e1de\u017e jako jev, sna\u017e\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit jej\u00edmu \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. Na druhou stranu stahov\u00e1n\u00ed filmu z internetu nebo souboru s knihou z pir\u00e1tsk\u00e9 knihovny cel\u00e1 spole\u010dnost v masov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku za kr\u00e1de\u017e nepova\u017euje.<\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, hlavn\u00ed teze zast\u00e1nc\u016f autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va o kr\u00e1de\u017ei je vn\u00edm\u00e1na spot\u0159ebiteli produkt\u016f t\u011bchto autor\u016f jako nepravdiv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d?<\/p>\n

Z velmi jednoduch\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu: v r\u00e1mci tradi\u010dn\u00ed etiky jedn\u00e1n\u00ed poru\u0161itel\u016f autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va nejsou pova\u017eov\u00e1na za kr\u00e1de\u017e.<\/b><\/p>\n

Odp\u016frci svobodn\u00e9ho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed bojuj\u00ed ne proti lidem \u2014 uchopili se etick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, jeho\u017e v\u011bk se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 na mnoha stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci t\u00e9to etiky sd\u00edlen\u00ed bez \u00famyslu zisku nen\u00ed \u0161patn\u00fdm \u010dinem, ale dobr\u00fdm. Pokud \u010dlov\u011bk n\u011bco z\u00edskal leg\u00e1ln\u011b a pot\u00e9 to bez jak\u00e9hokoli ziskov\u00e9ho \u00famyslu dal mn\u011b \u2014 nen\u00ed zlod\u011bjem, ale dobrodincem. A j\u00e1 nejsem zlod\u011bjem, ale jen \u0161\u0165astlivcem.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee sd\u00edlet v r\u00e1mci tradi\u010dn\u00ed etiky je dobr\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed vyrostli na p\u00edsni\u010dce \u201ePod\u011bl se \u00fasm\u011bvem sv\u00fdm, a on se ti je\u0161t\u011b mnohokr\u00e1t vr\u00e1t\u00ed\u201c a na poh\u00e1dce \u201eJen tak\u201c, bude velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit.<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Spisovatel\u00e9,
\n
\nPokud to nen\u00ed nemo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee etick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my nevznikaj\u00ed \u201eod stolu\u201c, obvykle jsou jejich postul\u00e1ty z\u00e1kony, kter\u00e9 byly vyvedeny krv\u00ed a potem, jejich\u017e pravdivost byla potvrzena tis\u00edcilet\u00fdm \u017eivotem t\u00e9to spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 je dodr\u017euje.<\/p>\n

A tato historick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee kr\u00e1de\u017e je \u0161patn\u00e1, proto\u017ee kr\u00e1de\u017e ohro\u017euje stabilitu existence spole\u010dnosti. A altruismus je dobr\u00fd, proto\u017ee je to velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd faktor, kter\u00fd p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. A pr\u00e1v\u011b proto rodi\u010de obvykle p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010duj\u00ed d\u011bti na p\u00edskovi\u0161ti, \u017ee by m\u011bly V\u00e1n\u011b d\u00e1t hr\u00e1t s aut\u00ed\u010dkem, i kdy\u017e je to tvoje.<\/p>\n

A to je opravdu tak, nezapom\u00ednejme, \u017ee altruismus existuje nejen u lid\u00ed, ale prakticky u v\u0161ech zv\u00ed\u0159at, od pt\u00e1k\u016f a\u017e po delf\u00edny.<\/p>\n

A \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd na vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1klady koup\u00ed na DVD film, kter\u00fd m\u011b zaj\u00edm\u00e1, pak, po shl\u00e9dnut\u00ed, tr\u00e1v\u00ed sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed \u010das \u2014 p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 ho, vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 tam titulky a nakonec ho zve\u0159ej\u0148uje pro v\u0161echny z\u00e1jemce, pro m\u011b v\u010detn\u011b, a nic za to ne\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1,<\/b>, \u2014 z pohledu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka se velmi podob\u00e1 altruistovi.<\/p>\n

Jsem celkem ochoten p\u0159ipustit my\u0161lenku, \u017ee tato etick\u00e1 norma ve skute\u010dnosti vy\u0161la z m\u00f3dy, takov\u00e9 se v historii lidsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti st\u00e1valo ne jednou a ne dvakr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Kdysi bylo nutn\u00e9 zareagovat na \u0161patn\u00e1 slova od mu\u017ee zabit\u00edm ur\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed osoby, a kdo to neud\u011blal, ten se zna\u010dn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil ve sv\u00fdch spole\u010densk\u00fdch hodnot\u00e1ch v o\u010d\u00edch ostatn\u00edch. Dnes to u\u017e nen\u00ed t\u0159eba. Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee altruismus kulturn\u00edch str\u00e1\u017ec\u016f pir\u00e1t\u016f v s\u00edti je ve skute\u010dnosti v prom\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b takov\u00fdm sam\u00fdm soci\u00e1ln\u00edm atavismem jako krevn\u00ed msta, \u2014 tento variant opravdu p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Ale probl\u00e9m je v tom, \u017ee etick\u00e9 normy jsou velmi konzervativn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. K tomu, aby se zm\u011bnily, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed, za prv\u00e9, \u010das, a za druh\u00e9, velmi seri\u00f3zn\u00ed a intenzivn\u00ed propaga\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, je pot\u0159eba nejen zak\u00e1zat duely, ale tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btlit, pro\u010d to nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9, ale \u0161patn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

S t\u00edm se pak ti, kdo se stav\u011bj\u00ed proti \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed informac\u00ed, setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00fd syst\u00e9m autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, formovan\u00fd pod tlakem ne zdrav\u00e9ho rozumu, ale chamtivosti dr\u017eitel\u016f pr\u00e1v, se st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm v\u00edce groteskn\u00edm. A plynule p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00edme k posledn\u00edmu, \u010dtvrt\u00e9mu bodu:<\/p>\n

\u010ctvrt\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: Jak\u00e9 jsou vyhl\u00eddky na netradi\u010dn\u00ed pir\u00e1tstv\u00ed, ale na psan\u00ed na s\u00edti jako takov\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci autorsk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va?<\/b><\/p>\n

A op\u011bt nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jednozna\u010dn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f, ale jen m\u016fj n\u00e1zor. Podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru \u2014 ne p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dobr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed svoboda, kdy s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00ed auto\u0159i d\u011blaj\u00ed, co cht\u011bj\u00ed, a jsou zcela svobodn\u00ed ve sv\u00e9m vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, dlouho nevydr\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ano, dokud si n\u00e1s nikdo nev\u0161\u00edm\u00e1. Ale nejsme nikomu zaj\u00edmav\u00ed pouze proto, \u017ee zde jsou mal\u00e9 pen\u00edze a mal\u00e1 publika. D\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji se tato situace zm\u011bn\u00ed a majitel\u00e9 str\u00e1nek, kde dnes auto\u0159i zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed produkty, za\u010dnou b\u00fdt zastra\u0161ov\u00e1ni ohledn\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fd se dnes uplat\u0148uje na ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 vydavatelstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A co se d\u011bje v ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch vydavatelstv\u00edch \u2014 ned\u00e1vno na f\u00f3ru \"Autor.Today\" \u0159ekl <\/a><\/noindex>spisovatel Alexander Rudazov, publikuj\u00edc\u00ed v nakladatelstv\u00ed \"Alfa-kniha\":<\/p>\n

Cenzura m\u011b nepot\u011b\u0161ila. Dob\u0159e, norm\u00e1ln\u00ed vy\u0159azen\u00ed obsc\u00e9nn\u00edho jazyka a\u017e po z\u00e1kaz slova \u201eprdel\u201c. Na to u\u017e jsem si zvykl, to je zn\u00e1m\u00e9. Mnohem hor\u0161\u00ed je z\u00e1kaz citov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nen\u00ed dovoleno citovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 d\u00edlo, jeho\u017e autor zem\u0159el p\u0159ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e sedmdes\u00e1ti lety. <\/p>\n

U\u017e jsem se s t\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve setkal \u2014 nap\u0159\u00edklad byla zak\u00e1z\u00e1na epigrafy k \"Bitv\u011b mnoha arm\u00e1d\" a \"\u00dasvitu nad propast\u00ed\". Tam jsou \u0159\u00e1dky z Teogonie a Ab\u00fa-l-'At\u00e1h\u00eda. Ano, to bylo naps\u00e1no p\u0159ed stovkami let, ale p\u0159eklady jsou mnohem nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. A nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 je citovat. Tenkr\u00e1t jsem se vymotal tak, \u017ee jsem na\u0161el na internetu origin\u00e1ly v \u0159e\u010dtin\u011b a arab\u0161tin\u011b, pro\u0161el jsem tyto \u00faryvky p\u0159es Google p\u0159eklada\u010d a napsal na to vlastn\u00ed texty.<\/p>\n

Ale tentokr\u00e1t to nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9. Cituji tam \u010cukovsk\u00e9ho, Michalkova, n\u011bkter\u00e9 sov\u011btsk\u00e9 a modern\u00ed p\u00edsn\u011b \u2014 a ne jen tak pro z\u00e1bavu, na tom je z\u00e1visl\u00fd d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd d\u011bjov\u00fd prvek. Bohu\u017eel jsem si na toto povinn\u00e9 pravidlo vydavatelstv\u00ed p\u0159i psan\u00ed zcela zapomn\u011bl. A te\u010f to v\u0161echno mus\u00edm vyst\u0159ihnout. Budu muset vyst\u0159ihnout. Rad\u011bji bych, aby kniha v\u016fbec nevy\u0161la na pap\u00ed\u0159e, ne\u017e s takov\u00fdmi v\u00fd\u0148atky, ale je pozd\u011b, u\u017e je v pr\u00e1ci, u\u017e se ned\u00e1 vz\u00edt zp\u011bt.<\/p>\n

Je to frustruj\u00edc\u00ed, zatracen\u011b frustruj\u00edc\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edmo vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 smutek.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed knihu nebudu v\u016fbec vyd\u00e1vat na pap\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nT\u00edmto se lou\u010d\u00edm. P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b si promluv\u00edme o stupn\u00edch svobody p\u0159i realizaci projektu \"Kust\u00e1\u0159 lidsk\u00fdch du\u0161\u00ed s internetem\".
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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