{"id":53866,"date":"2019-12-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-11T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/plundervolt-novyj-metod-ataki-na-protsessory-intel-zatragivayushhij-tehnologiyu-sgx"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:48","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:48","slug":"plundervolt-novyj-metod-ataki-na-protsessory-intel-zatragivayushhij-tehnologiyu-sgx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/plundervolt-novyj-metod-ataki-na-protsessory-intel-zatragivayushhij-tehnologiyu-sgx","title":{"rendered":"Plundervolt \u2014 nov\u00e1 metoda \u00fatoku na procesory Intel, kter\u00e1 zasahuje technologii SGX","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Intel <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/security-center\/advisory\/intel-sa-00317.html\">vyu\u017eila<\/a><\/noindex> aktualizace mikrok\u00f3du, kter\u00e1 odstra\u0148uje <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/plundervolt.com\/\">zranitelnost<\/a><\/noindex> (CVE-2019-14607), <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/plundervolt.com\/doc\/plundervolt.pdf\">umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm manipulace s mechanismem dynamick\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed a frekvence v CPU iniciovat po\u0161kozen\u00ed obsahu bun\u011bk s daty, v\u010detn\u011b oblast\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtech v izolovan\u00fdch enclav\u00edch Intel SGX. \u00datok byl nazv\u00e1n Plundervolt a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje lok\u00e1ln\u00edmu u\u017eivateli zv\u00fd\u0161it sv\u00e9 privil\u00e9gia v syst\u00e9mu, vyvolat selh\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eby a z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k d\u016fv\u011brn\u00fdm informac\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>\u00datok p\u0159edstavuje nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pouze v kontextu manipulac\u00ed s v\u00fdpo\u010dty v enclavech SGX, nebo\u0165 pro jeho proveden\u00ed jsou vy\u017eadov\u00e1na pr\u00e1va roota v syst\u00e9mu. V nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk dos\u00e1hnout zkreslen\u00ed informac\u00ed zpracov\u00e1van\u00fdch v enclave, ale p\u0159i slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch nelze vylou\u010dit mo\u017enost rekonstrukce d\u016fv\u011brn\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f ulo\u017een\u00fdch v enclave, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed algoritm\u016f RSA-CRT a AES-NI. Taktika m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rovn\u011b\u017e aplikov\u00e1na na generov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb v p\u016fvodn\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch algoritmech s c\u00edlem vyvolat zranitelnosti b\u011bhem pr\u00e1ce s pam\u011bt\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro organizaci p\u0159\u00edstupu do oblasti mimo vyhrazen\u00fd buffer.<br \/>\nPrototyp k\u00f3du pro proveden\u00ed \u00fatoku <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/KitMurdock\/plundervolt\">byla vyd\u00e1na<\/a><\/noindex> na GitHubu<\/p>\n<p>Podstata metody spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed podm\u00ednek pro vznik nep\u0159edv\u00eddan\u00fdch zkreslen\u00ed dat p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtech v SGX, proti nim\u017e nechr\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed a autentizace pam\u011bti v enclave. Pro zaveden\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt standardn\u00ed programov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed frekvence a nap\u011bt\u00ed, b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed energetick\u00e9 spot\u0159eby b\u011bhem ne\u010dinnosti syst\u00e9mu a aktivaci maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdkonu p\u0159i intenzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Parametry frekvence a nap\u011bt\u00ed pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed cel\u00fd \u010dip a ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f v izolovan\u00e9m enclave. <\/p>\n<p>Zm\u011bnou nap\u011bt\u00ed lze dos\u00e1hnout podm\u00ednek, kdy n\u00e1boj nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fd pro regeneraci pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky uvnit\u0159 CPU a jej\u00ed hodnota se m\u011bn\u00ed. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm rozd\u00edlem od \u00fatoku <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=41340\">RowHammer<\/a><\/noindex> je to, co RowHammer umo\u017e\u0148uje m\u011bnit obsah jednotliv\u00fdch bit\u016f v pam\u011bti DRAM pomoc\u00ed cyklick\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00ed dat z sousedn\u00edch bun\u011bk, zat\u00edmco Plundervolt umo\u017e\u0148uje zm\u011bny bit\u016f uvnit\u0159 CPU, kdy\u017e jsou ji\u017e data na\u010dtena z pam\u011bti pro v\u00fdpo\u010dty. Tato vlastnost obch\u00e1z\u00ed mechanismy kontroly integrity a \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat v pam\u011bti aplikovan\u00e9 ve SGX, proto\u017ee hodnoty v pam\u011bti z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed korektn\u00ed, ale mohou b\u00fdt zkresleny p\u0159i operac\u00edch s nimi, ne\u017e je v\u00fdsledek zaps\u00e1n do pam\u011bti.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud je tato zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 hodnota pou\u017eita v procesu n\u00e1soben\u00ed b\u011bhem \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdsledkem je neplatn\u00fd \u0161ifrovan\u00fd text. S mo\u017enost\u00ed volat zpracovatele v SGX pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch dat m\u016f\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk shrom\u00e1\u017edit statistiky o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch \u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho textu na v\u00fdstupu t\u00edm, \u017ee zp\u016fsob\u00ed z\u00e1vady, a b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut obnovit hodnotu ulo\u017een\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de v encl\u00e1vu. P\u016fvodn\u00ed text na vstupu a spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u0161ifrovan\u00fd text na v\u00fdstupu jsou zn\u00e1my, kl\u00ed\u010d se nem\u011bn\u00ed, a v\u00fdstup neplatn\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho textu nazna\u010duje zkreslen\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9ho bitu na opa\u010dnou hodnotu. <\/p>\n<p>Analyzov\u00e1n\u00edm shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch p\u00e1r\u016f hodnot spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho a zkreslen\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho textu p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch z\u00e1vad\u00e1ch pomoc\u00ed metod diferenci\u00e1ln\u00edho anal\u00fdzy z\u00e1vad (DFA, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2009\/575\">Diferenci\u00e1ln\u00ed anal\u00fdza z\u00e1vad<\/a><\/noindex>) lze <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/KitMurdock\/plundervolt\/tree\/master\/sgx-aes\/dfa-aes-master\">p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt<\/a><\/noindex> pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010de pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro symetrick\u00e9 \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed AES a pot\u00e9, anal\u00fdzou pr\u016fnik\u016f kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch sad\u00e1ch, ur\u010dit hledan\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d.<\/p>\n<p><center><div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"In3B9L5Jyo4\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/In3B9L5Jyo4\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"P\u0159ehr\u00e1t video\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9mu jsou vystaveny r\u016fzn\u00e9 modely procesor\u016f Intel, v\u010detn\u011b CPU Intel Core 6.<br \/>\n a\u017e 10. generace, stejn\u011b jako p\u00e1t\u00e9 a \u0161est\u00e9 generace Xeon E3, prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e9 generace Intel Xeon Scalable, Xeon D,<br \/>\nXeon W a Xeon E.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee technologie SGX (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_Guard_Extensions\">Software Guard Extensions<\/a><\/noindex>) byla uvedena v procesorech Intel Core \u0161est\u00e9 generace (Skylake) a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=44667\">nab\u00edz\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> s\u00e9rie instrukc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed aplikac\u00edm na \u00farovni u\u017eivatele odd\u011blovat uzav\u0159en\u00e9 oblasti pam\u011bti \u2014 enclave, jejich\u017e obsah nelze \u010d\u00edst ani m\u011bnit ani j\u00e1drem, ani k\u00f3dem b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edm v re\u017eimech ring0, SMM a VMM. P\u0159edat kontrolu k\u00f3du v enclave nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 standardn\u00edmi p\u0159echodov\u00fdmi funkcemi a manipulacemi s registry a stackem \u2014 pro p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly do enclave se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 nov\u00e1 instrukce, kter\u00e1 prov\u00e1d\u00ed kontrolu opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee k\u00f3d um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd v enclave pou\u017e\u00edvat klasick\u00e9 metody vol\u00e1n\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edstup k funkc\u00edm uvnit\u0159 enclave a speci\u00e1ln\u00ed instrukce pro vol\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edch funkc\u00ed. Pro ochranu p\u0159ed hardwarov\u00fdmi \u00fatoky, jako je p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k modulu DRAM, se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011bti enclave.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52011\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Intel \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2019-14607), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0432 CPU \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435\u043a \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0445 Intel SGX. \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 Plundervolt, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Intel \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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