{"id":53965,"date":"2019-12-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-13T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kak-soblyusti-trebovaniya-152-fz-zashhitit-personalnye-dannye-svoih-klientov-i-ne-nastupit-na-nashi-grabli"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:54","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:54","slug":"kak-soblyusti-trebovaniya-152-fz-zashhitit-personalnye-dannye-svoih-klientov-i-ne-nastupit-na-nashi-grabli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-soblyusti-trebovaniya-152-fz-zashhitit-personalnye-dannye-svoih-klientov-i-ne-nastupit-na-nashi-grabli","title":{"rendered":"Jak splnit po\u017eadavky podle 152-FZ, chr\u00e1nit osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje sv\u00fdch klient\u016f a vyhnout se chyb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsme ud\u011blali \u00a0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak splnit po\u017eadavky podle 152-FZ, chr\u00e1nit osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje sv\u00fdch klient\u016f a vyhnout se chyb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsme ud\u011blali &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/66af75ddaa497ecc0d143bc34fd43d49.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPodle rusk\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f se ka\u017ed\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 pracuje s osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji sv\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f v Rusku, st\u00e1v\u00e1 oper\u00e1torem osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, a\u0165 u\u017e si to p\u0159eje, \u010di nikoli. To na ni klade \u0159adu form\u00e1ln\u00edch a procedur\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f, kter\u00e9 ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee nebo chce n\u00e9st samo.<\/p>\n<p>Jak ukazuje praxe \u2013 naprosto spr\u00e1vn\u011b se mu nechce, proto\u017ee tato oblast znalost\u00ed je je\u0161t\u011b tak nov\u00e1 a neprozkouman\u00e1, \u017ee slo\u017eitosti a dotazy vznikaj\u00ed i u profesion\u00e1l\u016f. Dnes se pod\u011bl\u00edme o to, jak jsme realizovali projekt pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f pro na\u0161eho klienta a s jak\u00fdmi nejasnostmi jsme se setkali.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Jak jsme pomohli chr\u00e1nit \u00fadaje podle z\u00e1kona 152-FZ<\/h2>\n<p>\nNa za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2019 se na n\u00e1s obr\u00e1tila spole\u010dnost LLC \u201eSmart-Service\u201c, v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 platformy pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed servisn\u00edho \u00fadr\u017eby. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/hubex.ru\/\">HubEx<\/a><\/noindex> a aplikace pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu kontakt\u016f <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/myqrcards.com\/\">myQRcards<\/a><\/noindex>.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nPrvn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje automatizovat proces \u00fadr\u017eby za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech \u2013 od nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00e1vovar\u016f a klimatizac\u00ed v kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch po opravy plynov\u00fdch turb\u00edn. Druh\u00e9 \u2013 online konstruktor pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch vizitn\u00edch karet na z\u00e1klad\u011b QR k\u00f3d\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak splnit po\u017eadavky podle 152-FZ, chr\u00e1nit osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje sv\u00fdch klient\u016f a vyhnout se chyb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsme ud\u011blali &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/c776bd0d14f803b69404c0e4254c4706.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Online vizitka myQRcards.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Ob\u011b syst\u00e9my uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fadaje u\u017eivatel\u016f, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod klasifikaci \u201eosobn\u00edch\u201c podle 152-FZ. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1kon diktuje \u0159adu omezen\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016fm uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00fdch osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, aby zajistil po\u017eadovanou \u00farove\u0148 jejich ochrany a vylou\u010dil riziko neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu s c\u00edlem kr\u00e1de\u017ee nebo zneu\u017eit\u00ed.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nZ\u00e1kon je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eovat, ale \u201eSmart-Service\u201c nem\u011bl v pl\u00e1nu rozv\u00edjet uvnit\u0159 sv\u00e9 kompetence v oblasti ochrany osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. Proto slu\u017eby a \u00fadaje, kter\u00fdmi se d\u011blili jejich u\u017eivatel\u00e9, \u201ep\u0159e\u0161ly\u201c do Linxdatacenter. \u201eSmart-Service\u201c p\u0159evedl serverov\u00e9 zdroje pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed do samostatn\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny na\u0161eho datov\u00e9ho centra, certifikovan\u00e9 podle po\u017eadavk\u016f uveden\u00fdch v 152-FZ \u2013 tzv. \u201eChr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho cloudu\u201c.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h4>JAK FUNGUJE CHR\u00c1N\u011aN\u00dd CLOUD<\/h4>\n<p>\nJak\u00fdkoli informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed po\u017eadavky:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>P\u0159\u00edstup k server\u016fm pro uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat mus\u00ed b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1n prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm VPN kan\u00e1lu s \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00edm podle GOST;\n<\/li>\n<li>Servery pro uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pod st\u00e1l\u00fdm dohledem antivirov\u00e9 ochrany pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed absence zranitelnost\u00ed;\n<\/li>\n<li>Skladovac\u00ed a zpracovatelsk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt um\u00edst\u011bna v izolovan\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00edch.\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nUm\u00eds\u0165ujeme serverov\u00e9 kapacity z\u00e1kazn\u00edka do jednotliv\u00fdch z\u00f3n, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed po\u017eadavky z\u00e1kona 152-FZ, a pom\u00e1h\u00e1me z\u00edskat osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed o shod\u011b.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak splnit po\u017eadavky podle 152-FZ, chr\u00e1nit osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje sv\u00fdch klient\u016f a vyhnout se chyb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsme ud\u011blali &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/ddef8a32483da47cbd71e3c7cddeba35.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Architektura chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktury pro spole\u010dnost \u201eSmart Service\u201c.<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u016fb\u011bh prac\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>\nP\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fd souhlas s pracemi byl ud\u011blen v \u010dervnu 2019, co\u017e lze pova\u017eovat za datum zah\u00e1jen\u00ed projektu. V\u0161echny pr\u00e1ce se mus\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt v \u201a\u017eiv\u00e9m\u2018 prost\u0159ed\u00ed s tis\u00edci po\u017eadavky denn\u011b. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b bylo nutn\u00e9 realizovat projekt bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho provozu obou syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Proto byl vypracov\u00e1n a schv\u00e1len jasn\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n rozd\u011blen\u00fd do 4 f\u00e1z\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>p\u0159\u00edprava,\n<\/li>\n<li>migrace,\n<\/li>\n<li>testov\u00e1n\u00ed a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch,\n<\/li>\n<li>zahrnut\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPro p\u0159\u00edpad ne\u010dekan\u00e9 situace (DRP) jsme zavedli proceduru obnovy. Podle p\u016fvodn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu pr\u00e1ce nezabraly p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasu a zdroj\u016f a m\u011bly b\u00fdt dokon\u010deny v \u010dervenci 2019. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 f\u00e1ze zahrnovala na konci \u00fapln\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 dostupnosti a funk\u010dnosti syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze, kde mohlo \u201an\u011bco zaj\u00edt \u0161patn\u011b\u2018, byla migrace. P\u016fvodn\u011b jsme pl\u00e1novali proveden\u00ed migrace p\u0159enosem virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f vcelku. To byla nejlogi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed varianta, proto\u017ee nevy\u017eadovala zapojen\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f pro p\u0159econfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee co m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt snaz\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vMotion.<br \/>\n\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Nep\u0159edv\u00eddan\u011b<\/h2>\n<p>\nNicm\u00e9n\u011b, jak ji\u017e b\u00fdv\u00e1 obvykl\u00e9 u projekt\u016f v relativn\u011b nov\u00e9 oblasti, stalo se to, co se ne\u010dekalo.<\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj zab\u00edr\u00e1 500 \u2013 1 000 GB, kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00fdch objem\u016f i v r\u00e1mci jednoho datov\u00e9ho centra zabralo asi 3-4 hodiny na ka\u017ed\u00fd stroj. V\u00fdsledkem bylo, \u017ee jsme se neve\u0161li do vyhrazen\u00e9ho \u010dasu. K tomu do\u0161lo kv\u016fli fyzick\u00fdm omezen\u00edm diskov\u00e9ho subsyst\u00e9mu p\u0159i p\u0159enosu dat do vCloud.<\/p>\n<p>Chyba pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 verze vCloud znemo\u017enila organizaci Storage vMotion pro virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi typy disk\u016f, a proto bylo nutn\u00e9 disky vym\u011bnit. Nakonec se sice virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroje poda\u0159ilo migrovat, ale zabralo to v\u00edce \u010dasu, ne\u017e se pl\u00e1novalo.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nDruh\u00fd bod, kter\u00fd jsme nepl\u00e1novali, jsou omezen\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159esouv\u00e1n\u00ed clusteru datab\u00e1ze (Failover Cluster MS SQL Server). V d\u016fsledku toho jsme museli p\u0159ev\u00e9st cluster na pr\u00e1ci s jedn\u00edm uzlem a ponechat ho mimo chr\u00e1n\u011bnou z\u00f3nu.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Pozoruhodn\u00e9 je, \u017ee z dosud nejasn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu b\u011bhem p\u0159esunu virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed clusteru aplikac\u00ed, a museli jsme ho znovu sestavit.<\/p>\n<p>V d\u016fsledku prvn\u00edho pokusu jsme dosp\u011bli do neuspokojiv\u00e9ho stavu syst\u00e9m\u016f a byli jsme nuceni znovu za\u010d\u00edt pl\u00e1novat a zpracov\u00e1vat varianty.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Pok attempt \u010d. 2<\/h2>\n<p>\nPo anal\u00fdze chyb t\u00fdm pochopil, \u017ee bude lep\u0161\u00ed duplicovat infrastrukturu v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b a zkop\u00edrovat pouze soubory s daty. Bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee od z\u00e1kazn\u00edka nebudeme po\u017eadovat dodate\u010dnou platbu za dal\u0161\u00ed serverov\u00e9 kapacity, kter\u00e9 bylo nutn\u00e9 nasadit k dokon\u010den\u00ed migrace.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e byly clustry v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b zcela zduplikov\u00e1ny, migrace prob\u011bhla bez probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 ji\u017e bylo t\u0159eba pouze odd\u011blit s\u00edt\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 a nechr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3ny. Do\u0161lo zde k n\u011bkolika drobn\u00fdm v\u00fdpadk\u016fm. F\u00e1zi testov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b bez jak\u00e9koliv ochrany se poda\u0159ilo spustit v norm\u00e1ln\u00edm re\u017eimu. Po shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed statistiky fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu v tomto re\u017eimu jsme p\u0159istoupili k posledn\u00ed f\u00e1zi: spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>\u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdsledek a u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 lekce<\/h2>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak splnit po\u017eadavky podle 152-FZ, chr\u00e1nit osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje sv\u00fdch klient\u016f a vyhnout se chyb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsme ud\u011blali &nbsp;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/eb0fdc96cb6f6e4df31b7930a54aa387.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nNakonec se spole\u010dn\u00fdmi silami spolu se z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem poda\u0159ilo prov\u00e9st v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zm\u011bny ve st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed serverov\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e, co\u017e vedlo ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed spolehlivosti a bezpe\u010dnosti uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k nim a z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed o spln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f na uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 \u00fasp\u011bch, kter\u00e9ho dos\u00e1hli je\u0161t\u011b ne v\u0161ichni v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i podobn\u00e9ho softwaru.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nVe zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9m p\u0159ehledu pr\u00e1ce na projektu to vypadalo takto:<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Byla organizov\u00e1na vyhrazen\u00e1 pods\u00ed\u0165;<\/li>\n<li>Celkov\u011b byly migrov\u00e1ny dva clustery, slo\u017een\u00e9 z p\u011bti virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f: Failover cluster datab\u00e1z\u00ed (dv\u011b virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroje), Service Fabric cluster aplikac\u00ed (t\u0159i virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroje);<\/li>\n<li>Byla provedena nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f ochrany a \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nVypad\u00e1 to, \u017ee je v\u0161e jasn\u00e9 a logick\u00e9. Pr\u00e1cticky je v\u0161ak v\u0161e o n\u011bco slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b jednou jsme se ujistili, \u017ee p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci na ka\u017ed\u00e9m jednotliv\u00e9m \u00fakolu tohoto typu je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 pozornosti k \u201emali\u010dkostem\u201c, kter\u00e9 se uk\u00e1\u017eou jako \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 mali\u010dkosti, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00ed faktory \u00fasp\u011bchu cel\u00e9ho projektu.\u00a0<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/linxdatacenter\/blog\/480086\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 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