{"id":54449,"date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-25T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kak-ya-nedelyu-byl-stazherom-sre-inzhenera-dezhurstvo-glazami-inzhenera-po"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:27","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:27","slug":"kak-ya-nedelyu-byl-stazherom-sre-inzhenera-dezhurstvo-glazami-inzhenera-po","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-ya-nedelyu-byl-stazherom-sre-inzhenera-dezhurstvo-glazami-inzhenera-po","title":{"rendered":"Jak jsem byl t\u00fdden st\u00e1\u017eistou SRE in\u017een\u00fdra. Pohled na slu\u017ebu o\u010dima softwarov\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdra.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Jak jsem byl t\u00fdden st\u00e1\u017eistou SRE in\u017een\u00fdra. Pohled na slu\u017ebu o\u010dima softwarov\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdra.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/4ec4c4871f3d0d9a01b43035e6180d72.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"sre-inzhener---stazher\">SRE in\u017een\u00fdr \u2013 st\u00e1\u017eista<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nejprve dovolte, abych se p\u0159edstavil. Jsem <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/tristan.read\">@tristan.read<\/a><\/noindex>, frontend in\u017een\u00fdr ve skupin\u011b <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/about.gitlab.com\/handbook\/engineering\/development\/ops\/monitor\/health\/\">Monitor::Health<\/a><\/noindex> GitLab. Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden jsem m\u011bl \u010dest b\u00fdt st\u00e1\u017eistou u jednoho z na\u0161ich pohotovostn\u00edch SRE in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f. C\u00edlem bylo ka\u017edodenn\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed toho, jak pohotovostn\u00ed in\u017een\u00fdr reaguje na incidenty, a z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti. R\u00e1di bychom, aby na\u0161i in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i l\u00e9pe rozum\u011bli pot\u0159eb\u00e1m u\u017eivatel\u016f. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/about.gitlab.com\/handbook\/product\/categories\/#health-group\">funkc\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> Monitor::Health.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>M\u011bl jsem mo\u017enost sledovat SRE in\u017een\u00fdra cel\u00fd t\u00fdden. To znamenalo, \u017ee jsem byl p\u0159\u00edtomen p\u0159i p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011bny, sledoval jsem stejn\u00e9 upozorn\u011bn\u00ed a reagoval na incidenty, pokud n\u011bjak\u00e9 nastaly.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"incidenty\">Incidenty<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem t\u00fddne do\u0161lo k 2 incident\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-kriptomayner\">1. Kryptom\u011bnov\u00fd miner<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ve st\u0159edu jsme na GitLab.com zaznamenali n\u00e1r\u016fst vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.gitlab.com\/runner\/\">GitLab Runner<\/a><\/noindex>byl zp\u016fsoben pokusy o pou\u017eit\u00ed minut runnera pro t\u011b\u017ebu kryptom\u011bn. Incident byl vy\u0159e\u0161en pomoc\u00ed na\u0161eho vlastn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje pro neutralizaci poru\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00fd zastavuje \u00falohy runnera a odstra\u0148uje s nimi spojen\u00e9 projekty a \u00fa\u010det. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Kdyby si tohoto ud\u00e1losti nikdo nev\u0161iml, zachytil by ho automatizovan\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, ale v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161en\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed zpozoroval SRE in\u017een\u00fdr. Byla vytvo\u0159ena \u00faloha k incidentu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b informace o n\u00ed jsou neve\u0159ejn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-degradaciya-proizvoditelnosti-prilozheniy-canary-i-main\">2. Degradace v\u00fdkonu aplikac\u00ed Canary a Main<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Incident vyvolaly zpomalen\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 frekvence chyb v canary a main webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch na Gitlab.com. Bylo naru\u0161eno n\u011bkolik hodnot Apdex.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Otev\u0159en\u00e1 \u00faloha k incidentu: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/gitlab-com\/gl-infra\/production\/issues\/1442\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/gitlab-com\/gl-infra\/production\/issues\/1442<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"klyuchevye-vyvody\">Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 poznatky<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zde je n\u011bkolik bod\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsem si uv\u011bdomil b\u011bhem t\u00fddne na pohotovosti.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-opovescheniya-naibolee-polezny-kogda-zasekayut-otkloneniya-ot-normy\">1. Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed jsou nejv\u00edce u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1, kdy\u017e detekuj\u00ed odchylky od normy.<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed lze rozd\u011blit do n\u011bkolika typ\u016f:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e1 na ur\u010dit\u00e9 prahov\u00e9 hodnot\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201edo\u0161lo k 10 5xx chyb\u00e1m za sekundu\u201c.<\/li>\n<li>Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, kde je prahov\u00e1 hodnota procentu\u00e1ln\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201efrekvence 5xx chyb na 10 % z celkov\u00e9ho objemu po\u017eadavk\u016f v dan\u00e9m \u010dase\u201c.<\/li>\n<li>Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e1 na historick\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201e5xx chyby ve 90. percentilu\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee 2. a 3. typ jsou u\u017eite\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro pohotovostn\u00ed SRE, proto\u017ee odhaluj\u00ed odchylky od normy v procesu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-mnogie-opovescheniya-tak-i-ne-eskaliruyutsya-do-incidentov\">2. Mnoho upozorn\u011bn\u00ed se nikdy neeskaluje do incident\u016f<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>SRE in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i \u010del\u00ed neust\u00e1l\u00e9mu toku upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e1 ve skute\u010dnosti nejsou kritick\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tak pro\u010d omezit upozorn\u011bn\u00ed pouze na opravdu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1? S takov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 rozeznat po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159er\u016fst v re\u00e1ln\u00fd probl\u00e9m s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u00dakolem pohotovostn\u00edho SRE je ur\u010dit, kter\u00e1 upozorn\u011bn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b signalizuj\u00ed n\u011bco v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho a zda je t\u0159eba je eskalovat a za\u010d\u00edt je \u0159e\u0161it. M\u00e1m podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee to je tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobeno nep\u0159izp\u016fsobivost\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed: bylo by lep\u0161\u00ed, kdyby byly zavedeny r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b nebo \u201einteligentn\u00ed\u201c zp\u016fsoby nastaven\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed podle v\u00fd\u0161e popsan\u00e9 situace.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1vrh na funkci: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/gitlab-org\/gitlab\/issues\/42633\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/gitlab-org\/gitlab\/issues\/42633<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-nashi-dezhurnye-sre-ispolzuyut-mnogo-instrumentov\">3. Na\u0161i hl\u00eddkuj\u00edc\u00ed SRE pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mnoho n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Intern\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>GitLab infra projekt: zde \u017eij\u00ed Runbooky, p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed pohotovosti na sm\u011bnu\/t\u00fdden, \u00fakoly odpov\u011bd\u00ed na incidenty.<\/li>\n<li>GitLab issues: vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, anal\u00fdzy a \u00fadr\u017eba jsou tak\u00e9 sledov\u00e1ny v \u00fakolech.<\/li>\n<li>GitLab \u0161t\u00edtky: \u00fakoly automatizace se spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed podle ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u0161t\u00edtk\u016f, podle kter\u00fdch boti sleduj\u00ed aktivitu \u00fakol\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>Extern\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PagerDuty: upozorn\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Slack: sem sm\u011b\u0159uje tok zpr\u00e1v z PagerDuty\/AlertManageru. Integrace se slash p\u0159\u00edkazy pro pln\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f, jako je uzav\u0159en\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed nebo eskalace na incident.<\/li>\n<li>Grafana: vizualizace metrik se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy.<\/li>\n<li>Kibana: poskytuje vizualizaci\/hled\u00e1n\u00ed v protokolech, mo\u017enost hloub\u011bji zkoumat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti.<\/li>\n<li>Zoom: existuje trvale funk\u010dn\u00ed \u201ediskuzn\u00ed m\u00edstnost\u201c v Zoomu. To umo\u017e\u0148uje SRE in\u017een\u00fdr\u016fm rychle diskutovat o ud\u00e1lostech, ani\u017e by tr\u00e1vili drahocenn\u00fd \u010das vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm m\u00edstnosti a pos\u00edl\u00e1n\u00edm odkazu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A mnoho, mnoho dal\u0161\u00edho.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4-monitoring-gitlabcom-pri-pomoschi-gitlab---eto-edinaya-tochka-otkaza\">4. Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed GitLab.com pomoc\u00ed GitLab \u2014 je to jedin\u00fd bod selh\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokud dojde na GitLab.com k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed poru\u0161e slu\u017eeb, necht\u011bli bychom, aby to ovlivnilo na\u0161i schopnost vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m. Ten lze zm\u00edrnit spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm druh\u00e9ho instance GitLab pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed GitLab.com. Ve skute\u010dnosti u\u017e to u n\u00e1s funguje: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ops.gitlab.net\/\">https:\/\/ops.gitlab.net\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"5-neskolko-funkciy-kotorye-sleduet-rassmotret-k-dobavleniyu-v-gitlab\">5. N\u011bkolik funkc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt zv\u00e1\u017eeny k p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed do GitLab<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/gitlab-org\/gitlab\/issues\/103531\">V\u00edceu\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 \u00fapravy \u00fakol\u016f<\/a><\/noindex>, podobn\u011b jako Google Docs. To by pomohlo p\u0159i \u00faloh\u00e1ch na incidenty b\u011bhem ud\u00e1losti, stejn\u011b jako p\u0159i analytick\u00fdch \u00faloh\u00e1ch. V obou p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkolik \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f pot\u0159ebovat p\u0159idat n\u011bco v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00edce webhooks pro \u00fakoly. Mo\u017enost spou\u0161t\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00e9 kroky pracovn\u00edho postupu GitLab zevnit\u0159 pom\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost na integrac\u00edch Slack. Nap\u0159\u00edklad schopnost povolit upozorn\u011bn\u00ed v PagerDuty pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dky v \u00fakolu GitLab.<br \/>\nZ\u00e1v\u011br<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>SRE in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i to nemaj\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 kv\u016fli mnoha slo\u017eitostem. Bylo by skv\u011bl\u00e9 vid\u011bt v\u00edce produkt\u016f GitLab, kter\u00e9 by \u0159e\u0161ily tyto probl\u00e9my. Ji\u017e pracujeme na n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00eddavc\u00edch k produktu, kter\u00e9 usnadn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed postupy. Podrobnosti najdete v <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/about.gitlab.com\/direction\/ops\/\">sekci Ops Product Vision<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V roce 2020 roz\u0161i\u0159ujeme t\u00fdm, abychom shrom\u00e1\u017edili v\u0161echny tyto skv\u011bl\u00e9 funkce. Pokud m\u00e1te z\u00e1jem, pros\u00edm, pod\u00edvejte se na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/about.gitlab.com\/jobs\/apply\/\">voln\u00e9 pozice<\/a><\/noindex>, a nev\u00e1hejte kontaktovat n\u011bkoho z na\u0161eho t\u00fdmu s jak\u00fdmikoli dotazy.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/481912\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SRE-\u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0440 \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u042f \u2014 @tristan.read, \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u044d\u043d\u0434-\u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 Monitor::Health GitLab&#8217;\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 SRE-\u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":54450,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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