{"id":54587,"date":"2019-12-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-28T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/delimsya-opytom-kak-pokazyvayut-sebya-ssd-v-ramkah-raid-i-kakoj-uroven-massiva-vygodnee"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:02:37","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:02:37","slug":"delimsya-opytom-kak-pokazyvayut-sebya-ssd-v-ramkah-raid-i-kakoj-uroven-massiva-vygodnee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/delimsya-opytom-kak-pokazyvayut-sebya-ssd-v-ramkah-raid-i-kakoj-uroven-massiva-vygodnee","title":{"rendered":"Sd\u00edl\u00edme zku\u0161enosti, jak se SSD chovaj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci RAID a jak\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 pole je v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V v minul\u00e9m materi\u00e1lu<\/a><\/noindex> jsme se ji\u017e zab\u00fdvali ot\u00e1zkou \u201eJe RAID na SSD pou\u017eiteln\u00fd?\u201c na p\u0159\u00edkladu disk\u016f Kingston, ale to jsme u\u010dinili pouze v r\u00e1mci hladiny nula. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku probereme mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch a dom\u00e1c\u00edch NVMe \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typech RAID pol\u00ed a pov\u00edme si o kompatibilit\u011b \u0159adi\u010d\u016f Broadcom<\/a><\/noindex> s disky Kingston.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je RAID na SSD pot\u0159ebn\u00fd?<\/h2>\n

\nV\u00fdhody \u00falo\u017en\u00fdch pol\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00fdch na SSD ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s poli na pevn\u00fdch disc\u00edch zahrnuj\u00ed zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby p\u0159\u00edstupu k dat\u016fm na disku a vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdkon p\u0159i operac\u00edch \u010dten\u00ed\/z\u00e1pisu. Pro ide\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon RAIDu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na SSD v\u0161ak pot\u0159ebujete optim\u00e1ln\u00ed kombinaci procesoru, cache, softwaru a hardwaru. Kdy\u017e tyto faktory dokonale spolupracuj\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee RAID pole ze SSD v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159ekonat srovnatelnou konfiguraci s pou\u017eit\u00edm tradi\u010dn\u00edch HDD.<\/p>\n

Typick\u00fd SSD spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b energie ne\u017e pevn\u00e9 disky, proto p\u0159i spojen\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed solid-state disk\u016f do RAID pole m\u016f\u017ee \u00faspora energie ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s RAID polem z HDD tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady na platby za firemn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty za elekt\u0159inu.<\/p>\n

Na druhou stranu m\u00e1 SSD RAID omezen\u00ed a nev\u00fdhody: konkr\u00e9tn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cena za gigabajt prostoru v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pevn\u00fdmi disky obdobn\u00e9 kapacity. A doba \u017eivotnosti flash pam\u011bti se omezuje na ur\u010dit\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159episovac\u00edch cykl\u016f. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee SSD disky maj\u00ed ur\u010ditou \u017eivotnost, kter\u00e1 z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed: \u010d\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji se na n\u011bm p\u0159episuj\u00ed informace, t\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve disk sel\u017ee. Na druhou stranu maj\u00ed podnikov\u00e9 SSD disky slu\u0161nou \u017eivotnost, srovnatelnou s mechanick\u00fdmi pevn\u00fdmi disky.<\/p>\n

Jak SSD Kingston funguj\u00ed v re\u017eimu RAID s \u0159adi\u010di Broadcom<\/h2>\n

\nNa po\u010d\u00e1tku vzniku SSD disk\u016f m\u011bly RAID konstrukce mnoho nuanc\u00ed. A to i d\u00edky pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b spolehliv\u00fdch HDD disk\u016f. Pevn\u00e9 disky jsou mnohem spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jejich magneti\u010dt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed. Jak v\u00edme, v SSD \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pohybliv\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti, a proto jsou mechanick\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed vylou\u010dena. Selh\u00e1n\u00ed pevn\u00fdch disk\u016f v d\u016fsledku nap\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch skok\u016f je tak\u00e9 velmi nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee na \u00farovni dom\u00e1c\u00edho PC a jak\u00e9hokoli serveru v\u00e1s chr\u00e1n\u00ed UPS, s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 filtry a dokonce i zdroj nap\u00e1jen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho maj\u00ed pevn\u00e9 disky je\u0161t\u011b jednu v\u00fdznamnou v\u00fdhodu: i kdy\u017e se pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky opot\u0159ebuj\u00ed p\u0159i z\u00e1pisu \u2013 \u010dten\u00ed dat z nich bude st\u00e1le mo\u017en\u00e9, zat\u00edmco p\u0159i po\u0161kozen\u00ed magnetick\u00e9ho disku \u2013 bohu\u017eel.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nV dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed SSD \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v RAID seznamech r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed zcela b\u011b\u017enou prax\u00ed. Hlavn\u00ed je vyb\u00edrat spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 disky, jejich\u017e latence je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. A ide\u00e1ln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat SSD od stejn\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce a stejn\u00e9ho modelu, aby nevznikla sm\u011bsice disk\u016f podporuj\u00edc\u00edch r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee a postaven\u00fdch na r\u016fzn\u00fdch typech pam\u011bt\u00ed, kontrol\u00e9r\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch technologi\u00ed. Tedy pokud jsme se rozhodli zakoupit pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed RAID pole \u010dty\u0159i nebo 16 NVMe SSD od spole\u010dnosti Kingston \u2013 a\u0165 jsou rad\u011bji v\u0161echny ze stejn\u00e9 s\u00e9rie a modelov\u00e9 \u0159ady. <\/p>\n

Mimochodem, p\u0159edchoz\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a><\/noindex> ned\u00e1vno jsme zmi\u0148ovali kontrol\u00e9ry Broadcom, kdy\u017e jsme mluvili o NVMe SSD od Kingstonu. Je to t\u00edm, \u017ee v manu\u00e1lech k t\u011bmto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou hned zm\u00edn\u011bny kompatibiln\u00ed disky (v\u010detn\u011b \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed od v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce SSD), s nimi\u017e kontrol\u00e9r funguje bez probl\u00e9m\u016f. Na tuto informaci je t\u0159eba se spolehnout p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru p\u00e1ru \"kontrol\u00e9r-SSD\" pro RAID.<\/p>\n

Analyzujeme v\u00fdkon SSD Kingston v nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typech RAID \u2013 \u201e1\u201c, \u201e5\u201c, \u201e10\u201c, \u201e50\u201c<\/h2>\n

\nTak\u017ee, \u201enulov\u00e1\u201c \u00farove\u0148 RAID neposkytuje redundanci dat, ale pouze zvy\u0161uje v\u00fdkon. RAID 0 v podstat\u011b neposkytuje \u017e\u00e1dnou ochranu dat, a proto ho nebudeme zva\u017eovat v r\u00e1mci podnikov\u00e9ho segmentu. RAID 1, na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, poskytuje plnou redundanci, ale pouze skromn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst v\u00fdkonu, a m\u011bl by se zva\u017eovat pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu nen\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm faktorem p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed RAID pole ze SSD.<\/p>\n

RAID 1 zalo\u017een\u00fd na SSD Kingston a kontrolerech Broadcom<\/h2>\n

\nTak\u017ee RAID pole prvn\u00edho \u00farovn\u011b zalo\u017een\u00e9 na kontroleru Broadcom MegaRAID 9460-16i spojuje dva a\u017e 32 Kingston disk\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdmi kopi\u00ed, a zaji\u0161\u0165uje plnou redundanci. Pokud p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edch HDD z\u016fst\u00e1vala rychlost z\u00e1pisu a \u010dten\u00ed dat na \u00farovni samotn\u00e9ho HDD, s vyu\u017eit\u00edm NVMe SSD \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me desetin\u00e1sobn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst v\u00fdkonu. Zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pokud jde o dobu p\u0159\u00edstupu k dat\u016fm. Nap\u0159\u00edklad s dv\u011bma SSD Kingston DC1000M U.2 NVMe ve serverov\u00e9m RAID 1 dos\u00e1hneme 350 000 IOPS p\u0159i \u010dten\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch dat a 75 000 IOPS p\u0159i z\u00e1pisu. <\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nPokud jde o sekven\u010dn\u00ed rychlost \u010dten\u00ed, v\u00fdsledky budou odpov\u00eddat specifikac\u00edm disku \u2014 3200 MB\/s. Ale proto\u017ee oba NVMe SSD jsou v provozu, data mohou b\u00fdt \u010dtena sou\u010dasn\u011b, co\u017e d\u011bl\u00e1 operace \u010dten\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b rychl\u00e9. Rychlost z\u00e1pisu (uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1 jako 2000 MB\/s) v\u0161ak bude pomalej\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 operace z\u00e1pisu se prov\u00e1d\u00ed dvakr\u00e1t. <\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nRAID 1 je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro mal\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze nebo jak\u00e9koliv jin\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje odolnost proti chyb\u00e1m, ale m\u00e1 malou kapacitu. Zrcadlen\u00ed disk\u016f obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ve sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch obnovy po hav\u00e1rii (v\u00fdkon je p\u0159i tom pon\u011bkud sn\u00ed\u017een), proto\u017ee zaji\u0161\u0165uje okam\u017eit\u00e9 \u201eo\u017eiven\u00ed\u201c d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch dat, pokud jeden z disk\u016f v poli sel\u017ee. Ale proto\u017ee tato \u00farove\u0148 ochrany vy\u017eaduje zdvojen\u00ed kapacity pro uchov\u00e1n\u00ed zrcadlov\u00e9 kopie dat (pro uchov\u00e1n\u00ed 100 TB bude pot\u0159eba 200 TB m\u00edsta), v mnoha podnikov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed varianty \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b: RAID 5 a RAID 6.<\/p>\n

RAID 5 zalo\u017een\u00fd na SSD Kingston a kontrolerech Broadcom<\/h2>\n

\nPro organizaci RAID pole p\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b budeme pot\u0159ebovat alespo\u0148 t\u0159i \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, na kter\u00fdch se data st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed (cyklicky zapisuj\u00ed na v\u0161echny jednotky v poli), ale neduplikuje se. P\u0159i jejich organizaci je t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v \u00favahu jejich slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konstrukci, proto\u017ee se zde objevuje pojem \u201eparita\u201c (nebo tak\u00e9 \u201ekontrola integrity\u201c). Tento pojem odkazuje na logickou algebrickou funkci XOR (exkluzivn\u00ed \u201eNebo\u201c), kter\u00e1 ur\u010duje pou\u017eit\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b t\u0159\u00ed \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 v poli (maxim\u00e1ln\u011b \u2013 32). P\u0159itom informace o parit\u011b se zapisuj\u00ed na v\u0161echny \u201edisky\u201c v poli.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nPro pole \u010dty\u0159 SATA SSD Kingston DC500R s kapacitou 3,84 TB ka\u017ed\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1me 11,52 TB prostoru a 3,84 TB pro parity. A pokud spoj\u00edme v RAID p\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b 16 NVMe disk\u016f Kingston DC1000M U.2 s kapacitou 7,68 TB \u2014 z\u00edsk\u00e1me 115,2 TB se ztr\u00e1tou 7,68 TB. Jak vid\u00edte, \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce disk\u016f, t\u00edm lep\u0161\u00ed je v\u00fdsledek. Je to lep\u0161\u00ed i proto, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce disk\u016f v RAID 5, t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je celkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon p\u0159i z\u00e1pisu. A sekven\u010dn\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed dosahuje \u00farovn\u011b RAID 0.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nSkupina disk\u016f RAID 5 poskytuje vysokou propustnost (zejm\u00e9na pro velk\u00e9 soubory) a redundanci s minim\u00e1ln\u00ed ztr\u00e1tou v\u00fdkonu. Nejl\u00e9pe se tento typ organizace pole hod\u00ed pro s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed mnoho mal\u00fdch operac\u00ed vstupu-v\u00fdstupu (I\/O) sou\u010dasn\u011b. Av\u0161ak pro \u00fakoly, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zapisov\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch nebo mal\u00fdch blok\u016f, nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 jej pou\u017e\u00edvat.
\nExistuje tak\u00e9 jeden aspekt: p\u0159i selh\u00e1n\u00ed alespo\u0148 jednoho z NVMe disk\u016f p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed RAID 5 do re\u017eimu degradace a selh\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t kritick\u00fdm pro v\u0161echna data. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho disku v RAID poli pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 RAID kontrol\u00e9r informace o parit\u011b k obnov\u011b v\u0161ech chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch dat.<\/p>\n

RAID 10 na b\u00e1zi SSD Kingston a \u0159adi\u010d\u016f Broadcom<\/h2>\n

\nRAID 0 n\u00e1m poskytuje dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rychlosti a \u010dasu p\u0159\u00edstupu, zat\u00edmco RAID 1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje spolehlivost. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b bychom je m\u011bli zkombinovat, a zde p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na pomoc RAID 10 (nebo 1+0). 'Des\u00edtka' se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze \u010dty\u0159 SATA SSD- nebo NVMe-disk\u016f (maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 32) a p\u0159edstavuje pole 'zrcadel', p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e po\u010det disk\u016f mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy n\u00e1sobkem \u010dty\u0159. Data v tomto poli se zapisuj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed na pevn\u00e9 bloky (jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b RAID 0) a st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm mezi disky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se kopie rozd\u011bluj\u00ed mezi 'disky' v poli RAID 1. D\u00edky mo\u017enosti sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k n\u011bkolika skupin\u00e1m disk\u016f vykazuje RAID 10 vysok\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nJeliko\u017e RAID 10 dok\u00e1\u017ee rozd\u011blovat data mezi n\u011bkolik zrcadlov\u00fdch p\u00e1r\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee tolerovat selh\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho disku v p\u00e1ru. Av\u0161ak pokud sel\u017eou oba zrcadlov\u00e9 p\u00e1ry (tedy v\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i disky), dojde k nevyhnuteln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b dat. V\u00fdsledkem je tak\u00e9 dobr\u00e1 odolnost proti poruch\u00e1m a spolehlivost. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee, stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b RAID 1, pole des\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze polovinu celkov\u00e9 kapacity, co\u017e \u010din\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1kladn\u00fdm. Nav\u00edc je nastaven\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9. <\/p>\n

RAID 10 je vhodn\u00fd pro datov\u00e1 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed 100% redundanci skupin zrcadlov\u00fdch disk\u016f a tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fdkon I\/O RAID 0. Je to nejlep\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze nebo jak\u00e9koli prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed odolnost proti poruch\u00e1m ne\u017e RAID 5.<\/p>\n

RAID 50 na b\u00e1zi SSD Kingston a \u0159adi\u010d\u016f Broadcom<\/h2>\n

\nKombinovan\u00e9 pole, podobn\u00e9 RAID 10, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuje pole nult\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 z pol\u00ed p\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b. Stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem tohoto pole dos\u00e1hnout zdvojen\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed spolehlivosti dat v pol\u00edch RAID 5. RAID 50 p\u0159itom zaji\u0161\u0165uje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fdkon z\u00e1pisu a lep\u0161\u00ed ochranu dat ne\u017e standardn\u00ed RAID 5 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed disku a tak\u00e9 je schopen rychleji obnovit data v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho z disk\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nSkupina disk\u016f RAID 50 d\u011bl\u00ed data na men\u0161\u00ed bloky a pot\u00e9 je rozd\u011bluje na ka\u017edou skupinu RAID 5. Skupina disk\u016f RAID 5 zase tak\u00e9 d\u011bl\u00ed data na men\u0161\u00ed bloky, vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 paritn\u00ed informace, prov\u00e1d\u00ed logickou operaci OR na bloc\u00edch a pot\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u00ed operace z\u00e1pisu do blok\u016f dat a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed parity pro ka\u017ed\u00fd disk ve skupin\u011b disk\u016f.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli se v\u00fdkon nevyhnuteln\u011b sni\u017euje v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho z disk\u016f, nen\u00ed to tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jako v poli RAID 5, proto\u017ee jedno selh\u00e1n\u00ed ovlivn\u00ed pouze jednu z grup, zat\u00edmco druh\u00e1 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pln\u011b funk\u010dn\u00ed. Ve skute\u010dnosti RAID 50 m\u016f\u017ee vydr\u017eet a\u017e osm selh\u00e1n\u00ed HDD\/SSD\/NVMe disku, pokud ka\u017ed\u00e9 selh\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed \u201edisk\u201c je v samostatn\u00e9 skupin\u011b RAID 5.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nRAID 50 je nejlep\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat pro aplikace, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysokou spolehlivost a kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed zpracov\u00e1vat velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed vysok\u00e9 rychlosti p\u0159enosu dat a ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f na disky ne\u017e u pole RAID 10. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, proto\u017ee pro nastaven\u00ed pole RAID 50 je pot\u0159eba minim\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161esti disk\u016f, costo se zcela nevylu\u010duje jako faktor. Jednou z nev\u00fdhod RAID 50 je, \u017ee, stejn\u011b jako RAID 5, pot\u0159ebuje slo\u017eit\u00fd \u0159adi\u010d: jako je kter\u00fd jsme zm\u00ednili<\/a><\/noindex> v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku MegaRAID 9460-16i<\/a><\/noindex> od spole\u010dnosti Broadcom.<\/p>\n

Je tak\u00e9 t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee RAID 50 m\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho diskov\u00e9ho prostoru ne\u017e RAID 5, kv\u016fli alokaci kapacity pro veden\u00ed z\u00e1znam\u016f paritn\u00ed kontroly. P\u0159esto m\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u00edce u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u00edsta ne\u017e jin\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b RAID, zejm\u00e9na ty, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zrcadlen\u00ed. P\u0159i minim\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u017eadavku na \u0161est disk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt RAID 50 n\u00e1kladnou variantou, ale dodate\u010dn\u00fd diskov\u00fd prostor ospravedl\u0148uje n\u00e1klady, chr\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed podnikov\u00e1 data. Tento typ pole se doporu\u010duje pro pr\u00e1ci s daty vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edmi vysokou spolehlivost \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, vysokou frekvenci po\u017eadavk\u016f, vysokou rychlost p\u0159enosu a velkou kapacitu pro ulo\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

RAID 6 a RAID 60: na ty jsme tak\u00e9 nezapomn\u011bli<\/h2>\n

\nKdy\u017e u\u017e jsme hovo\u0159ili o pol\u00edch p\u00e1t\u00e9 a pades\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, h\u0159\u00edch nezm\u00ednit i takov\u00e9 typy uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pol\u00ed jako RAID 6 a RAID 60.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nV\u00fdkon RAID 6 je srovnateln\u00fd s RAID 5, ale zde jsou alespo\u0148 dva disky vy\u010dlen\u011bny pro paritu, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje poli p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt selh\u00e1n\u00ed dvou disk\u016f bez ztr\u00e1ty dat (v RAID 5 je takov\u00e1 situace velmi ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed). D\u00edky tomu je zaji\u0161t\u011bna vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spolehlivost. Jinak je to stejn\u00e9 jako u pole p\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b: v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo dvou disk\u016f \u0159adi\u010d RAID pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 paritn\u00ed bloky k rekonstrukci v\u0161ech chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed. P\u0159i selh\u00e1n\u00ed dvou disk\u016f nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k obnoven\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b: nejprve je obnoven prvn\u00ed disk, pot\u00e9 \u2013 druh\u00fd. Takto se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed dv\u011b operace obnovy dat.<\/p>\n

\"Sd\u00edl\u00edme
\n
\nNen\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 uh\u00e1dnout, \u017ee pokud RAID 50 p\u0159edstavuje pole nulov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b z pol\u00ed p\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, pak RAID 60 je pole nulov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b z pol\u00ed \u0161est\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b, o kter\u00fdch jsme pr\u00e1v\u011b hovo\u0159ili. Tedy takov\u00e1 organizace RAID \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt ztr\u00e1tu dvou SSD v ka\u017ed\u00e9 skupin\u011b disk\u016f RAID 6. Princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed je podobn\u00fd tomu, o kter\u00e9m jsme hovo\u0159ili v \u010d\u00e1sti o RAID 50, ale po\u010det poruch, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee pole \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b zvl\u00e1dnout, se zvy\u0161uje z 8 na 16 disk\u016f. Takov\u00e1 pole se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro online obsluhu z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje vysokou odolnost proti poruch\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Shr\u0148me to:<\/h2>\n

\nI kdy\u017e zrcadlen\u00ed poskytuje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odolnost proti poruch\u00e1m ne\u017e RAID 50\/60, tak\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje daleko v\u00edce m\u00edsta. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se mno\u017estv\u00ed dat zdvojn\u00e1sobuje, fakticky z\u00edsk\u00e1te pouze 50 % z celkov\u00e9 kapacity nainstalovan\u00fdch disk\u016f v serveru pro z\u00e1pis a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed. Volba mezi RAID 50\/60 a RAID 10 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b bude z\u00e1viset na dostupn\u00fdch rozpo\u010dtech, kapacit\u011b serveru a va\u0161ich pot\u0159eb\u00e1ch na ochranu dat. A cena se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do pop\u0159ed\u00ed, kdy\u017e hovo\u0159\u00edme o SSD \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch (jak podnikov\u00e9, tak spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy).<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee nyn\u00ed v\u00edme \u2013 RAID zalo\u017een\u00fd na SSD je zcela bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 praxe pro modern\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. V r\u00e1mci dom\u00e1c\u00edho pou\u017eit\u00ed tak\u00e9 d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl p\u0159ej\u00edt na NVMe, pokud to rozpo\u010dty dovoluj\u00ed. A pokud m\u00e1te je\u0161t\u011b ot\u00e1zku, pro\u010d je to v\u0161e pot\u0159ebn\u00e9, vra\u0165te se na za\u010d\u00e1tek \u010dl\u00e1nku \u2013 na to jsme ji\u017e podrobn\u011b odpov\u011bd\u011bli.<\/p>\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek byl p\u0159ipraven ve spolupr\u00e1ci s na\u0161imi kolegy z Broadcom, kte\u0159\u00ed poskytuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u0159adi\u010de in\u017een\u00fdr\u016fm Kingston pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed s podnikatelsk\u00fdmi SSD SATA\/SAS\/NVMe. D\u00edky t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 symbi\u00f3ze si z\u00e1kazn\u00edci nemus\u00ed d\u011blat starosti s d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost\u00ed a stabilitou provozu SSD Kingston s \u0159adi\u010di HBA a RAID. Broadcom<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

More information about Kingston products can be found at ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm webu<\/a><\/noindex> spole\u010dnost.
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c \u201c\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043b\u0438 RAID \u043d\u0430 SSD\u201d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 Kingston, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f. \u0412 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 NVMe-\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0445 RAID-\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Broadcom \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 Kingston. \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d RAID \u043d\u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47 Sd\u00edl\u00edme zku\u0161enosti, jak se SSD chovaj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci RAID a kter\u00fd \u00farove\u0148 pole je v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed | ProHoster","description":"V p\u0159edchoz\u00edm materi\u00e1lu jsme ji\u017e probrali ot\u00e1zku \u201eJe RAID pou\u017eiteln\u00fd na SSD\u201c na p\u0159\u00edkladu \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 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