{"id":55360,"date":"2020-01-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kopileft-litsenzii-postepenno-vytesnyayutsya-permissivnymi"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:28","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:28","slug":"kopileft-litsenzii-postepenno-vytesnyayutsya-permissivnymi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/kopileft-litsenzii-postepenno-vytesnyayutsya-permissivnymi","title":{"rendered":"Kopyleft licence postupn\u011b vytla\u010duj\u00ed permissivn\u00ed.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Spole\u010dnost WhiteSource analyzovala<\/a><\/noindex> Licenc\u00ed bylo 4 miliony otev\u0159en\u00fdch bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a 130 milion\u016f soubor\u016f s k\u00f3dem ve 200 r\u016fzn\u00fdch programovac\u00edch jazyc\u00edch, a do\u0161lo se k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee pod\u00edl copyleft licenc\u00ed neust\u00e1le kles\u00e1. V roce 2012 bylo 59 % v\u0161ech otev\u0159en\u00fdch projekt\u016f licencov\u00e1no pod copyleft licencemi, jako jsou GPL, LGPL a AGPL, zat\u00edmco pod\u00edl permisivn\u00edch licenc\u00ed, jako MIT, Apache a BSD, \u010dinil 41 %. V roce 2016 se pom\u011br zm\u011bnil ve prosp\u011bch permisivn\u00edch licenc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 z\u00edskaly 55 %. Do roku 2019 se propast zv\u011bt\u0161ila a pod permisivn\u00edmi licencemi je licencov\u00e1no 67 % projekt\u016f, zat\u00edmco pod copyleft \u2014 33 %. <\/p>\n

\"Kopyleft<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Podle jednoho z vedouc\u00edch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f WhiteSource vznikl pojem copyleft v dob\u011b konfrontace s korporacemi, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00e9ho k\u00f3du pro zi\u0161tn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely bez zp\u011btn\u00e9ho vr\u00e1cen\u00ed nebo omezen\u00edm dal\u0161\u00edho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. Trend zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se popularity permisivn\u00edch licenc\u00ed je d\u00e1n t\u00edm, \u017ee v dne\u0161n\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b ji\u017e neexistuje rozd\u011blen\u00ed na sv\u00e9 a ciz\u00ed, pokud jde o konfrontaci korporac\u00ed a komunity Open Source, a tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee se zvy\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dast korporac\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji otev\u0159en\u00e9ho softwaru, kter\u00e9 rad\u011bji a bezpe\u010dn\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed permisivn\u00ed licence. <\/p>\n

Nam\u00edsto konfrontace korporac\u00ed a komunity v\u0161ak nab\u00edr\u00e1 na s\u00edle konflikt mezi cloudov\u00fdmi poskytovateli a startupy vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edmi otev\u0159en\u00e9 projekty. Nespokojenost s t\u00edm, \u017ee cloudov\u00ed poskytovatel\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed deriv\u00e1ty komer\u010dn\u00edch produkt\u016f a zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed se p\u0159eprodejem otev\u0159en\u00fdch r\u00e1mc\u016f a datab\u00e1zov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f ve form\u011b cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, ale nezapoj\u00ed se do \u017eivota komunity a nepom\u00e1haj\u00ed s v\u00fdvojem, vede k p\u0159echodu projekt\u016f na propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed licence nebo na model Open Core<\/a><\/noindex>. Nap\u0159\u00edklad podobn\u00e9 zm\u011bny se ned\u00e1vno dotkly projekt\u016f ElasticSearch<\/a><\/noindex>, Redis<\/a><\/noindex>, MongoDB<\/a><\/noindex>, Timescale<\/a><\/noindex> a CockroachDB<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me, \u017ee rozd\u00edl mezi copyleft a permisivn\u00edmi licencemi spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee copyleft licence nutn\u011b vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zachov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edch podm\u00ednek pro odvozen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce (v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b GPL je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no, aby byly v\u0161echny odvozen\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce distribuov\u00e1ny pod GPL), zat\u00edmco permisivn\u00ed licence poskytuj\u00ed mo\u017enost m\u011bnit podm\u00ednky, v\u010detn\u011b mo\u017enosti pou\u017e\u00edvat k\u00f3d v uzav\u0159en\u00fdch projektech.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f WhiteSource \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0438 4 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 130 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 200 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0444\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412 2012 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 59% \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0444\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a GPL, LGPL \u0438 AGPL, \u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a MIT, Apache \u0438 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