{"id":56206,"date":"2020-02-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/loki-sbor-logov-ispolzuya-podhod-prometheus"},"modified":"2021-02-01T11:41:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T09:41:00","slug":"loki-sbor-logov-ispolzuya-podhod-prometheus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/loki-sbor-logov-ispolzuya-podhod-prometheus","title":{"rendered":"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i>Ahoj, Habbrov\u00e1ci! P\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm nov\u00e9ho cyklu kurzu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/otus.pw\/P37L\/\">\u201eDevOps praktiky a n\u00e1stroje\u201c<\/a><\/noindex> jsme pro v\u00e1s p\u0159ipravili p\u0159eklad zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je stru\u010dn\u00fdm \u00favodem do Loki. Projekt Loki <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/grafana.com\/oss\/loki\/\">je podporov\u00e1n Grafanou<\/a><\/noindex> a je zam\u011b\u0159en na centralizovan\u00e9 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f (ze server\u016f nebo kontejner\u016f).<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm zdrojem inspirace pro Loki byla <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/prometheus.io\/\">Prometheus<\/a><\/noindex> my\u0161lenka aplikace jeho p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f k \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed log\u016f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtk\u016f (labels) pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat<\/li>\n<li>n\u00edzk\u00e1 spot\u0159eba zdroj\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>K princip\u016fm fungov\u00e1n\u00ed Promethea se je\u0161t\u011b vr\u00e1t\u00edme a uvedeme n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed v kontextu Kubernetes.<\/p>\n<h3>N\u011bkolik slov o Prometheovi<\/h3>\n<p>Abychom pln\u011b pochopili, jak Loki funguje, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ud\u011blat krok zp\u011bt a vzpomenout si na Prometheuse.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z charakteristick\u00fdch rys\u016f Promethea je extrakce metrik z bod\u016f sb\u011bru (p\u0159es export\u00e9ry) a jejich ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed do TSDB (Time Series Data Base, datab\u00e1ze \u010dasov\u00fdch \u0159ad) s p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm metadat ve form\u011b \u0161t\u00edtk\u016f.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>K \u010demu to slou\u017e\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se Prometheus stal de facto standardem ve sv\u011bt\u011b kontejner\u016f a Kubernetes: jeho instalace je velmi jednoduch\u00e1, a v Kubernetes klastru ji\u017e od po\u010d\u00e1tku existuje koncov\u00fd bod pro Prometheus. Prometheus tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee extrahovat metriky z aplikac\u00ed nasazen\u00fdch v kontejneru a p\u0159itom uchov\u00e1vat ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edtky. Proto je monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikac\u00ed velmi jednoduch\u00e9 na realizaci.<\/p>\n<p>Bohu\u017eel st\u00e1le neexistuje \u201ena kl\u00ed\u010d\u201c \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro spr\u00e1vu log\u016f, tak\u017ee si mus\u00edte naj\u00edt vlastn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>spravovan\u00e1 cloudov\u00e1 slu\u017eba pro centralizaci log\u016f (AWS, Azure nebo Google)<\/li>\n<li>monitoringov\u00e1 slu\u017eba \"monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed jako slu\u017eba\" (monitoring as a service) (nap\u0159\u00edklad Datadog)<\/li>\n<li>vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vlastn\u00ed slu\u017eby pro shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pro t\u0159et\u00ed variantu jsem obvykle pou\u017e\u00edval Elasticsearch, i kdy\u017e jsem s n\u00edm nebyl v\u017edy spokojen (zejm\u00e9na s jeho t\u011b\u017ekost\u00ed a slo\u017eitost\u00ed nastaven\u00ed).<\/p>\n<p>Loki byl navr\u017een s c\u00edlem usnadnit implementaci podle n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch princip\u016f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>b\u00fdt jednoduch\u00fd na za\u010d\u00e1tek<\/li>\n<li>spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vat m\u00e1lo zdroj\u016f<\/li>\n<li>fungovat samostatn\u011b bez jak\u00e9koli speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eby<\/li>\n<li>slou\u017eit jako dopln\u011bk k Prometheovi pro pomoc p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed chyb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tato jednoduchost v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduje ur\u010dit\u00e9 kompromisy. Jedn\u00edm z nich je, \u017ee obsah nen\u00ed indexov\u00e1n. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee hled\u00e1n\u00ed v textu nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 efektivn\u00ed nebo bohat\u00e9 a neumo\u017e\u0148uje sledovat statistiky textov\u00e9ho obsahu. Proto\u017ee v\u0161ak Loki chce b\u00fdt ekvivalentem grep a dopl\u0148kem Promethea, to nen\u00ed nedostatek.<\/p>\n<h3>Vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed incident\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Abychom l\u00e9pe pochopili, pro\u010d Loki nepot\u0159ebuje indexaci, vra\u0165me se k metod\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed incident\u016f, kterou pou\u017eili v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i Loki:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/2f9ba72d68ccafbe44ab1700d08e3a33.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<i>1 Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed \u2192 2 Dashboard \u2192 3 Adhoc dotaz \u2192 4 Agregace log\u016f \u2192 5 Distribuovan\u00e9 trasov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2192 6 Oprava!<br \/>\n(1 Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed \u2192 2 Dashboard \u2192 3 Adhoc dotaz \u2192 4 Agregace log\u016f \u2192 5 Distribuovan\u00e9 trasov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2192 6 Oprava!)<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Idea spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee dostaneme n\u011bjak\u00e9 upozorn\u011bn\u00ed (Slack notifikace, SMS atd.) a pot\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme dashboardy Grafana<\/li>\n<li>prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme metriky slu\u017eeb (nap\u0159. v Promethea)<\/li>\n<li>prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme z\u00e1znamy log\u016f (nap\u0159. v Elasticsearch)<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017en\u00e1 se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na distribuovan\u00e9 stopy (Jaeger, Zipkin a dal\u0161\u00ed)<\/li>\n<li>a nakonec oprav\u00edme p\u016fvodn\u00ed probl\u00e9m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zde, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b stacku Grafana + Prometheus + Elasticsearch + Zipkin, bychom museli pou\u017e\u00edt \u010dty\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje. Pro zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed \u010dasu by bylo dobr\u00e9 m\u00edt mo\u017enost vykon\u00e1vat v\u0161echny tyto kroky pomoc\u00ed jednoho n\u00e1stroje: Grafana. Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee tento p\u0159\u00edstup k vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je implementov\u00e1n v Grafana od verze 6. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se st\u00e1v\u00e1 mo\u017en\u00e9 dotazovat se na data Promethea p\u0159\u00edmo z Grafana.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/eefc5a599a23abeb0624f4e3265a31e6.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<i>Obrazovka Explorer je rozd\u011blena mezi Prometheus a Loki<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Na t\u00e9to obrazovce lze prohl\u00ed\u017eet logy v Loki, kter\u00e9 jsou spojeny s metrikami Promethea, pomoc\u00ed konceptu rozd\u011blen\u00e9 obrazovky. Od verze 6.5 umo\u017e\u0148uje Grafana zpracov\u00e1vat identifik\u00e1tor stopy (trace id) v z\u00e1znamech log\u016f Loki, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje p\u0159echod na va\u0161e obl\u00edben\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro distribuovan\u00e9 trasov\u00e1n\u00ed (Jaeger).<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00edstn\u00ed test Loki<\/h3>\n<p>Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob m\u00edstn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed Loki je pou\u017e\u00edt docker-compose. Soubor docker-compose se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v repozit\u00e1\u0159i Loki. Repozit\u00e1\u0159 m\u016f\u017eete z\u00edskat pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu <code>git<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ git clone https:\/\/github.com\/grafana\/loki.git<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 se mus\u00edte p\u0159ej\u00edt do adres\u00e1\u0159e production:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ cd production<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete z\u00edskat posledn\u00ed verzi image Docker:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ docker-compose pull<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Nakonec se stack Loki spou\u0161t\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkazem:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ docker-compose up<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Architektura Loki<\/h3>\n<p>Zde je mal\u00fd diagram s architekturou Loki:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/fc5703bcebc1391e719640e99544f909.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<i>Principy architektury Loki<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Webov\u00fd klient spou\u0161t\u00ed aplikace na serveru, Promtail sb\u00edr\u00e1 logy a pos\u00edl\u00e1 je do Loki, webov\u00fd klient tak\u00e9 pos\u00edl\u00e1 metadata do Loki. Loki v\u0161e agreguje a p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 do Grafany.<br \/>\nLoki byl spu\u0161t\u011bn. Pro zobrazen\u00ed dostupn\u00fdch komponent prove\u010fte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ docker ps<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010derstv\u011b nainstalovan\u00e9ho Dockeru by p\u0159\u00edkaz m\u011bl vr\u00e1tit n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdsledek:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">IMAGE               PORTS                  NAMES\ngrafana\/promtail:                          production_promtail_1\ngrafana\/grafana: m  0.0.0.0:3000-&gt;3000\/tcp production_grafana_1\ngrafana\/loki: late  80\/tcp,0.0.0.0:3100... production_loki_1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Vid\u00edme n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed komponenty:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Promtail: agent odpov\u011bdn\u00fd za centralizaci log\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Grafana: zn\u00e1m\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro dashboardy<\/li>\n<li>Loki: d\u00e9mon pro centralizaci dat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V r\u00e1mci klasick\u00e9 infrastruktury (nap\u0159. na z\u00e1klad\u011b virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch stroj\u016f) mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na ka\u017ed\u00e9m stroji nasazen agent Promtail. Grafana a Loki mohou b\u00fdt nainstalov\u00e1ny na jednom stroji.<\/p>\n<h3>Nasazen\u00ed v Kubernetes<\/h3>\n<p>Instalace komponent Loki v Kubernetes bude spo\u010d\u00edvat v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>daemonSet pro nasazen\u00ed agenta Promtail na ka\u017ed\u00e9m ze stroj\u016f v clusteru server\u016f<\/li>\n<li>nasazen\u00ed (Deployment) Loki<\/li>\n<li>a nakonec - nasazen\u00ed Grafany.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je Loki k dispozici jako bal\u00ed\u010dek Helm, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje jeho nasazen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Instalace p\u0159es Helm<\/h3>\n<p>Helm by ji\u017e m\u011bl b\u00fdt nainstalov\u00e1n. M\u016f\u017eete si ho st\u00e1hnout z GitHub repozit\u00e1\u0159e projektu. Instaluje se rozbalen\u00edm archivu odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edho va\u0161\u00ed architektu\u0159e a p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00edm helm do <code>$PATH<\/code>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><b>Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/b> verze 3.0.0 Helm byla ned\u00e1vno vyd\u00e1na. Vzhledem k mnoha zm\u011bn\u00e1m se doporu\u010duje, aby si \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i chv\u00edli po\u010dkali, ne\u017e za\u010dnou pou\u017e\u00edvat tuto verzi<\/i>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed zdroje pro Helm<\/h3>\n<p>Prvn\u00edm krokem bude p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed repozit\u00e1\u0159e \u201cloki\u201d pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ helm add loki https:\/\/grafana.github.io\/loki\/charts<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete vyhled\u00e1vat bal\u00ed\u010dky s n\u00e1zvem \u201cloki\u201d:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ helm search loki<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">loki\/loki       0.17.2 v0.4.0 Loki: jako Prometheus, ale pro logy.\nloki\/loki-stack 0.19.1 v0.4.0 Loki: jako Prometheus, ale pro logy.\nloki\/fluent-bit 0.0.2  v0.0.1 Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 fluent-bit Loki go plugin pro...\nloki\/promtail   0.13.1 v0.4.0 Odpov\u011bdn\u00fd za sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f a...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Tyto bal\u00ed\u010dky maj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed funkce:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>bal\u00ed\u010dek <b>loki\/loki<\/b> odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pouze serveru Loki<\/li>\n<li>bal\u00ed\u010dek <b>loki\/fluent-bit<\/b> umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00e1m nasadit DaemonSet s pou\u017eit\u00edm fluent-bit pro sb\u011br log\u016f m\u00edsto Promtail<\/li>\n<li>bal\u00ed\u010dek <b>loki\/promtail<\/b> obsahuje agenta pro sb\u011br log\u016f<\/li>\n<li>bal\u00ed\u010dek <b>loki\/loki-stack<\/b>, umo\u017e\u0148uje okam\u017eit\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed Loki spolu s Promtail.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Instalace Loki<\/h3>\n<p>Abychom nasadili Loki v Kubernetes, spus\u0165te n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz v prostoru jmen \u201cmonitoring\u201d:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ helm upgrade --install loki loki\/loki-stack --namespace monitoring<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Pro ulo\u017een\u00ed na disk p\u0159idejte parametr <code>--set loki.persistence.enabled = true:<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ helm upgrade --install loki loki\/loki-stack \n              --namespace monitoring \n              --set loki.persistence.enabled=true<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote><p><i><b>Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/b> pokud chcete sou\u010dasn\u011b nasadit Grafanu, p\u0159idejte parametr <code>--set grafana.enabled = true<\/code><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>P\u0159i spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed tohoto p\u0159\u00edkazu byste m\u011bli obdr\u017eet n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdstup:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">POSLEDN&Iacute; NASAZEN&Iacute;: &Uacute;t 19. listopadu 2019 15:56:54\nNAMESPACE: monitoring\nSTAV: NASAZENO\nZDROJE:\n==&amp;gt; v1\/ClusterRole\nN&Aacute;ZEV V\u011aK\nloki-promtail-clusterrole 189d\n&hellip;\nPOZN&Aacute;MKY:\nLoki stack byl nasazen do va&scaron;&iacute; clusteru. Loki m\u016f\u017ee nyn&iacute; b&yacute;t p\u0159id&aacute;n jako datov&yacute; zdroj v Grafan\u011b.\nViz &lt;a href=&quot;http:\/\/docs.grafana.org\/features\/datasources\/loki\/&quot;&gt;http:\/\/docs.grafana.org\/features\/datasources\/loki\/&lt;\/a&gt; pro v&iacute;ce podrobnost&iacute;.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Po kontrole stavu pod\u016f v prostoru n\u00e1zv\u016f \"monitoring\" uvid\u00edme, \u017ee v\u0161e bylo nasazeno:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ kubectl -n monitoring get pods -l release=loki<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Result:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">N\u00c1ZEV               READY  STATUS   RESTARTS  AGE\nloki-0               1\/1    Running  0         147m\nloki-promtail-9zjvc  1\/1    Running  0         3h25m\nloki-promtail-f6brf  1\/1    Running  0         11h\nloki-promtail-hdcj7  1\/1    Running  0         3h23m\nloki-promtail-jbqhc  1\/1    Running  0         11h\nloki-promtail-mj642  1\/1    Running  0         62m\nloki-promtail-nm64g  1\/1    Running  0         24m<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>V\u0161echny pody jsou spu\u0161t\u011bny. Nyn\u00ed je \u010das prov\u00e9st n\u011bkolik test\u016f!<\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159ipojen\u00ed k Grafan\u011b<\/h3>\n<p>Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ipojit se k Grafan\u011b v Kubernetes, je nutn\u00e9 otev\u0159\u00edt tunel k jej\u00edmu podu. N\u00ed\u017ee je uveden p\u0159\u00edkaz pro otev\u0159en\u00ed portu 3000 pro pod Grafana:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ kubectl -n port-forward monitoring svc\/loki-grafana 3000:80<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm bodem je pot\u0159eba obnovit heslo administr\u00e1tora Grafany. Heslo je ulo\u017eeno v tajemstv\u00ed <code>loki-grafana<\/code> v poli <code>.data.admin-user<\/code> ve form\u00e1tu base64.<\/p>\n<p>Pro jeho obnovu je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"go\">$ kubectl -n monitoring get secret loki-grafana \n --template '{{index .data \"admin-password\" | base64decode}}'; echo<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Pou\u017eijte toto heslo spolu s v\u00fdchoz\u00edm administr\u00e1torsk\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dtem (admin).<\/p>\n<h3>Definice datov\u00e9ho zdroje Loki v Grafan\u011b<\/h3>\n<p>Nejprve se ujist\u011bte, \u017ee je vytvo\u0159en datov\u00fd zdroj Loki (Nastaven\u00ed \/ Datov\u00fd zdroj).<br \/>\nZde je p\u0159\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3b670a4b1a8b4db74b1e1f525fd03129.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<i>P\u0159\u00edklad nastaven\u00ed datov\u00e9ho zdroje pro Loki<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Kliknut\u00edm na \u201eTest\u201c m\u016f\u017eete ov\u011b\u0159it spojen\u00ed s Lokim.<\/p>\n<h3>Prov\u00e1d\u00edme dotazy na Loki<\/h3>\n<p>Nyn\u00ed p\u0159ejd\u011bte do Grafany do sekce \u201eProzkoumat\u201c. P\u0159i p\u0159ijet\u00ed log\u016f od kontejner\u016f Loki p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 metadata z Kubernetes. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem je mo\u017en\u00e9 prohl\u00ed\u017eet logy konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho kontejneru.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro v\u00fdb\u011br log\u016f kontejneru promtail lze pou\u017e\u00edt n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dotaz: <code>{container_name = \"promtail\"}<\/code>.<br \/>\nZde tak\u00e9 nezapome\u0148te vybrat datov\u00fd zdroj Loki.<\/p>\n<p>Tento dotaz vr\u00e1t\u00ed aktivitu kontejner\u016f v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm form\u00e1tu:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ed2baebd374b9a6242cfc397776fa65f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<i>V\u00fdsledek dotazu v Grafan\u011b <\/i><\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed na dashboard<\/h3>\n<p>Od Grafany 6.4 je mo\u017en\u00e9 um\u00edstit informace o log\u00e1ch p\u0159\u00edmo na dashboard. Pot\u00e9 bude moci u\u017eivatel rychle p\u0159ep\u00ednat mezi po\u010dtem dotaz\u016f na jeho str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch a trasami aplikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee je uveden p\u0159\u00edklad dashboardu, kter\u00fd toto propojen\u00ed realizuje:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/d76c5345d543579eb3768fcdb0a2567b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<i>Uk\u00e1zka dashboardu s metrikami Prometheus a logy Loki<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Budoucnost Loki<\/h3>\n<p>Za\u010dal jsem pou\u017e\u00edvat Loki u\u017e v kv\u011btnu \/ \u010dervnu se verz\u00ed 0.1. Dnes byla vyd\u00e1na verze 1, a dokonce i 1.1 a 1.2.<\/p>\n<p>Je t\u0159eba uznat, \u017ee verze 0.1 nebyla dostate\u010dn\u011b stabiln\u00ed. Ale 0.3 u\u017e prok\u00e1zala skute\u010dn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky zralosti, a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed verze (0.4, pot\u00e9 1.0) jen pos\u00edlily tento dojem.<\/p>\n<p>Po 1.0.0 u\u017e nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdmluvy, aby nepou\u017e\u00edval tento skv\u011bl\u00fd n\u00e1stroj.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00ed by se m\u011bla t\u00fdkat sp\u00ed\u0161e integrace s vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed Grafana ne\u017e samotn\u00e9ho Loki. Ve skute\u010dnosti v Grafana 6.4 u\u017e byla dobr\u00e1 integrace pro dashboardy.<\/p>\n<p>Grafana 6.5, kter\u00e1 byla ned\u00e1vno vyd\u00e1na, je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zlep\u0161uje tuto integraci t\u00edm, \u017ee automaticky rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1 obsah log\u016f ve form\u00e1tu JSON.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee je ve videu uveden mal\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad tohoto mechanismu:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Loki \u2013 shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed log\u016f pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu Prometheus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/1e0a5269f21e401f349a35788672aec1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><br \/>\n<i>Pou\u017eit\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f Loki zobrazen\u00fdch v Grafana<\/i><\/p>\n<p>St\u00e1v\u00e1 se mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt jedno z pol\u00ed JSON, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>odkaz na extern\u00ed n\u00e1stroj<\/li>\n<li>filtraci obsahu log\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u016f\u017eete kliknout na traceId a p\u0159ej\u00edt na Zipkin nebo Jaeger.<\/p>\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u011b \u010dek\u00e1me na va\u0161e koment\u00e1\u0159e a zveme v\u00e1s na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/otus.pw\/P37L\/\">otev\u0159en\u00fd webin\u00e1\u0159<\/a><\/noindex>, kde budeme hovo\u0159it o tom, jak se vyv\u00edjel DevOps pr\u016fmysl b\u011bhem roku 2019 a probereme mo\u017en\u00e9 sm\u011bry rozvoje na rok 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/otus\/blog\/487118\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442, \u0445\u0430\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0435! \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u00abDevOps \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u2014 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 Loki. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 Loki \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Grafana \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432 (\u0441 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432). \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f Loki \u0431\u044b\u043b Prometheus \u0441 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043a \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442, \u0445\u0430\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0435!\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/loki-sbor-logov-ispolzuya-podhod-prometheus\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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