{"id":71009,"date":"2020-02-23T09:53:26","date_gmt":"2020-02-23T06:53:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sistemy-avtomatizaczii-na-osnove-foundation-fieldbus"},"modified":"2020-03-03T16:14:42","modified_gmt":"2020-03-03T13:14:42","slug":"sistemy-avtomatizaczii-na-osnove-foundation-fieldbus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sistemy-avtomatizaczii-na-osnove-foundation-fieldbus","title":{"rendered":"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Foundation Fieldbus je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v automatizaci vedle syst\u00e9m\u016f jako Profibus, Modbus nebo HART. Tato technologie se objevila o n\u011bco pozd\u011bji ne\u017e jej\u00ed konkurenti: prvn\u00ed verze standardu je datov\u00e1na rokem 1996 a v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zahrnuje dva protokoly pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed mezi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky s\u00edt\u011b \u2013 H1 a HSE (High Speed Ethernet).<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nProtokol H1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed na \u00farovni senzor\u016f a kontrol\u00e9r\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho s\u00ed\u0165 vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze standardu fyzick\u00e9 vrstvy IEC 61158-2, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje rychlost p\u0159enosu dat 31,25 kbit\/s. Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed polev\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 zajistit p\u0159es sb\u011brnici p\u0159enosu dat. S\u00ed\u0165 HSE je zalo\u017eena na vysokorychlostn\u00edch Ethernetov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00edch (100\/1000 Mbit\/s) a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proces\u016f (PCS) na \u00farovni kontrol\u00e9r\u016f a podnikov\u00fdch \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Technologie je aplikovateln\u00e1 p\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed PCS jak\u00fdchkoliv pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ale nejv\u00edce se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila v podnic\u00edch ropn\u00e9ho a plyn\u00e1rensk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a chemick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n<h4>Mo\u017enosti technologie<\/h4>\n<p>\nFoundation Fieldbus byla vyvinuta jako alternativa k tradi\u010dn\u00edmu modelu automatizovan\u00fdch \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f zalo\u017een\u00fdch na analogov\u00fdch senzorech a z\u00edskala \u0159adu v\u00fdhod jak oproti tradi\u010dn\u00edmu modelu, tak oproti digit\u00e1ln\u00edm syst\u00e9m\u016fm zalo\u017een\u00fdm na Profibus nebo HART.<\/p>\n<p>Jednou z hlavn\u00edch v\u00fdhod je vysok\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 spolehlivosti a odolnosti syst\u00e9m\u016f. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoenixcontact.com\/online\/portal\/ru?1dmy&amp;urile=wcm%3apath%3a\/ruru\/web\/main\/products\/subcategory_pages\/Foundation_Fieldbus_P-08-12-13\/017988c2-cbaa-44b8-84bb-6d64e442cead\">Foundation Fieldbus<\/a><\/noindex> H1, co\u017e je dosa\u017eeno d\u00edky dv\u011bma faktor\u016fm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pou\u017eit\u00ed inteligentn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na polov\u00e9 \u00farovni (senzor\u016f a ak\u010dn\u00edch mechanism\u016f);<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost organizovat v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo mezi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi polov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b bez zapojen\u00ed kontrol\u00e9ru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nInteligentnost polov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v mo\u017enosti implementovat \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed algoritmy a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se tradi\u010dn\u011b realizuj\u00ed v kontrol\u00e9ru. V praxi to umo\u017e\u0148uje syst\u00e9mu pokra\u010dovat v \u010dinnosti i p\u0159i selh\u00e1n\u00ed kontrol\u00e9ru. Pro to, aby to bylo mo\u017en\u00e9, je nutn\u00e9, aby byla polov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b nakonfigurov\u00e1na a byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna spolehliv\u00e1 syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 nap\u00e1jec\u00ed soustava polov\u00e9 sb\u011brnice. <\/p>\n<p>Dodate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed digitalizace syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed inteligentn\u00edch senzor\u016f, spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed v mo\u017enosti z\u00edskat v\u00edce dat ne\u017e pouze m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed z ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, co\u017e v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku roz\u0161i\u0159uje rozsah sledov\u00e1n\u00ed procesu, kter\u00fd je v tradi\u010dn\u00edch analogov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech omezen syst\u00e9mem vstupu a v\u00fdstupu sign\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed sb\u011brnicov\u00e9 topologie v s\u00edti H1 umo\u017e\u0148uje zkr\u00e1tit d\u00e9lku kabelov\u00fdch veden\u00ed, objem mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edch prac\u00ed, vyhnout se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed v \u0159\u00eddic\u00edch syst\u00e9mech: modul\u016f vstupu a v\u00fdstupu, nap\u00e1jec\u00edch zdroj\u016f a v prostor\u00e1ch s v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm \u2014 bari\u00e9r iskrov\u00e9 ochrany.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoenixcontact.com\/online\/portal\/ru?1dmy&amp;urile=wcm%3apath%3a\/ruru\/web\/main\/products\/subcategory_pages\/Foundation_Fieldbus_P-08-12-13\/017988c2-cbaa-44b8-84bb-6d64e442cead\">Foundation Fieldbus<\/a><\/noindex> H1 umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed kabel\u016f pro veden\u00ed sign\u00e1l\u016f senzor\u016f 4-20 mA, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017eito p\u0159i modernizaci star\u00fdch \u0159\u00eddic\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Vzhledem k vyu\u017eit\u00ed princip\u016f iskrov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti je technologie aktivn\u011b aplikov\u00e1na ve v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch. Samotn\u00e1 standardizace zaru\u010duje vz\u00e1jemnou zam\u011bnitelnost a kompatibilitu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f, a d\u00edky br\u00e1nov\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm je mo\u017en\u00e9 propojovat s\u00ed\u0165 poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a s\u00edt\u011b automatizace podnikov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f postaven\u00e9 na Ethernetu.<\/p>\n<p>Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podobnost m\u00e1 Foundation Fieldbus H1 se syst\u00e9my Profibus PA. Ob\u011b technologie vych\u00e1zej\u00ed ze stejn\u00e9ho standardu fyzick\u00e9 vrstvy, a proto maj\u00ed tyto syst\u00e9my stejn\u00e9 rychlosti p\u0159enosu dat, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed manchestersk\u00e9 k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed, elektrick\u00e9 parametry komunika\u010dn\u00ed linky, velikost mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 energie a maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed povolenou d\u00e9lku kabelu v segmentu s\u00edt\u011b (1900 m). Tak\u00e9 v obou syst\u00e9mech je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt a\u017e 4 repeater\u016f, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e m\u016f\u017ee d\u00e9lka segmentu dos\u00e1hnout ji\u017e 9,5 km. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 jsou mo\u017en\u00e9 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 topologie v syst\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a tak\u00e9 principy zabezpe\u010den\u00ed iskrov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<h4>Komponenty syst\u00e9mu<\/h4>\n<p>\nHlavn\u00edmi prvky s\u00edt\u011b Foundation Fieldbus H1 jsou:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>kontrol\u00e9r decentralizovan\u00e9ho \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu (DCS);<\/li>\n<li>nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje poln\u00ed sb\u011brnice;<\/li>\n<li>blokov\u00e1 nebo modul\u00e1rn\u00ed spojovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>termin\u00e1tory sb\u011brnice;<\/li>\n<li>inteligentn\u00ed poln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nV syst\u00e9mu mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 br\u00e1nov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (Linking Device), p\u0159evodn\u00edky protokol\u016f, UZIP a repeatery.<\/p>\n<h4>Topologie s\u00edt\u011b<\/h4>\n<p>\nD\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm konceptem v s\u00edti H1 je pojem segmentu. Ten p\u0159edstavuje hlavn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed linku (Trunk) s odbo\u010dkami (Spur), na kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Hlavn\u00ed kabel za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 na zdroji nap\u00e1jen\u00ed sb\u011brnice a obvykle kon\u010d\u00ed na posledn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spojen\u00ed. Pro komunikaci kontrol\u00e9ru s polem za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou povoleny \u010dty\u0159i typy topologie: bod-bod, smy\u010dka, sb\u011brnice a strom. Ka\u017ed\u00fd segment m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt postaven jak s vyu\u017eit\u00edm jednotliv\u00e9 topologie, tak s vyu\u017eit\u00edm jejich kombinac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/2d9a475526670d9bb7ac5258b3a2fa0f.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nP\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed topologie bod-bod je ka\u017ed\u00e9 pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ipojeno p\u0159\u00edmo k kontrol\u00e9ru. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00e9 pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed vlastn\u00ed segment s\u00edt\u011b. Tato topologie je nevhodn\u00e1, proto\u017ee systematicky zbavuje syst\u00e9m t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ech v\u00fdhod, kter\u00e9 jsou zakotveny v Foundation Fieldbus. Na kontrol\u00e9ru je zapojeno p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho rozhran\u00ed a pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ze sb\u011brnice dat mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na ka\u017ed\u00e9 lince um\u00edst\u011bn vlastn\u00ed zdroj nap\u00e1jen\u00ed pole sb\u011brnice. D\u00e9lka komunika\u010dn\u00edch linek je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1 a informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna mezi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pouze skrze kontrol\u00e9r, co\u017e neumo\u017e\u0148uje vyu\u017e\u00edt princip vysok\u00e9 odolnosti syst\u00e9m\u016f H1.<\/p>\n<p>Topologie smy\u010dky p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 s\u00e9riov\u00e9 spojen\u00ed pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mezi sebou. Zde jsou v\u0161echna pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed slou\u010dena do jednoho segmentu, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vyu\u017e\u00edt men\u0161\u00ed zdroje. Tato topologie v\u0161ak m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159edv\u00eddat metody, kter\u00fdmi by selh\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho z mezilehl\u00fdch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f nevedlo k p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed spojen\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi. Dal\u0161\u00ed nev\u00fdhodou je nedostatek ochrany proti zkratu na komunika\u010dn\u00ed lince, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m by byla informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna v segmentu nemo\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spolehlivosti a prakti\u010dnosti dosahuj\u00ed dv\u011b jin\u00e9 topologie s\u00edt\u011b \u2013 sb\u011brnicov\u00e1 a stromov\u00e1 topologie, kter\u00e9 se tak\u00e9 nejv\u00edce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily v praxi p\u0159i v\u00fdstavb\u011b s\u00edt\u00ed H1. Smyslem t\u011bchto topologi\u00ed je pou\u017eit\u00ed spojovac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k hlavn\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed lince. Spojovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159ipojit ka\u017ed\u00e9 poln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k vlastn\u00edmu rozhran\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>Parametry s\u00edt\u011b<\/h4>\n<p>\nD\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami p\u0159i v\u00fdstavb\u011b s\u00edt\u011b H1 jsou jej\u00ed fyzick\u00e9 parametry \u2013 kolik poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lze pou\u017e\u00edt v segmentu, jak\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka segmentu, jak\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt d\u00e9lka odbo\u010dek. Odpov\u011b\u010f na tyto ot\u00e1zky z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu nap\u00e1jen\u00ed a spot\u0159eb\u011b energie poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a pro v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 objekty \u2013 na zp\u016fsobech zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti proti jisk\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v segmentu (32) m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dosa\u017een pouze za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee jsou nap\u00e1jena z m\u00edstn\u00edch zdroj\u016f a p\u0159i absenci prost\u0159edk\u016f zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti proti jisk\u0159en\u00ed. P\u0159i nap\u00e1jen\u00ed senzor\u016f a ak\u010dn\u00edch mechanism\u016f z datov\u00e9 sb\u011brnice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pouze 12 nebo m\u00e9n\u011b v z\u00e1vislosti na metod\u00e1ch zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti proti jisk\u0159en\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/b755e771dfe41dfd28821f9315048420.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Z\u00e1vislost po\u010dtu poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na zp\u016fsobu nap\u00e1jen\u00ed a metod\u00e1ch zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti proti jisk\u0159en\u00ed.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9lka segmentu s\u00edt\u011b je ur\u010dena typem pou\u017eit\u00fdch kabel\u016f. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka 1900 m se dosahuje p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed kabelu typu A (twisted pair s ekranem). P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed kabelu typu D (nepropleten\u00fd v\u00edce\u017eilov\u00fd kabel se spole\u010dn\u00fdm ekranem) pouze 200 m. Pod d\u00e9lkou segmentu se rozum\u00ed sou\u010det d\u00e9lek hlavn\u00edho kabelu a v\u0161ech odbo\u010dek z n\u011bj.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/12094122f916b3f6db4ffce1d9687be1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Z\u00e1vislost d\u00e9lky segmentu na typu kabelu.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9lka odbo\u010dek z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u010dtu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v segmentu s\u00edt\u011b. Tak p\u0159i po\u010dtu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed do 12 \u2013 to je maxim\u00e1ln\u00edch 120 m. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed 32 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v segmentu bude maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e9lka odbo\u010dek pouze 1 m. P\u0159i p\u0159ipojen\u00ed poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kabelem ka\u017ed\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zkracuje d\u00e9lku odbo\u010dky o 30 m.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/57c32136be7570e463d19796d5b6a66e.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Z\u00e1vislost d\u00e9lky odbo\u010dek na hlavn\u00edm kabelu podle po\u010dtu poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v segmentu.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>V\u0161echny tyto faktory p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed strukturu a topologii syst\u00e9mu. Aby se urychlil proces n\u00e1vrhu s\u00edt\u011b, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00ed softwarov\u00e9 bal\u00edky, jako je DesignMate od organizace FieldComm Group nebo Fieldbus Network Planner od spole\u010dnosti Phoenix Contact. Tyto programy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010det fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch a elektrick\u00fdch parametr\u016f s\u00edt\u011b H1, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zohled\u0148uj\u00ed v\u0161echna mo\u017en\u00e1 omezen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>\u00da\u010del komponent syst\u00e9mu<\/h4>\n<p><b>Ovlada\u010d<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u00dakolem kontrol\u00e9ru je realizace funkc\u00ed Aktivn\u00edho Pl\u00e1nova\u010de Vazeb (LAS) \u2013 hlavn\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00edd\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 pomoc\u00ed zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed slu\u017eebn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v. LAS iniciuje informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu mezi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky s\u00edt\u011b pl\u00e1novan\u00fdmi (na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozvrhu) nebo nepl\u00e1novan\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami, prov\u00e1d\u00ed diagnostiku a synchronizaci v\u0161ech za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b toho kontrol\u00e9r odpov\u00edd\u00e1 za automatickou adresaci poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, funguje jako br\u00e1na, poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed rozhran\u00ed Ethernet pro komunikaci s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho syst\u00e9mu zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na Foundation Fieldbus HSE nebo jin\u00e9m komunika\u010dn\u00edm protokolu. Pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 syst\u00e9mu kontrol\u00e9r poskytuje funkce monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ze strany oper\u00e1tora, stejn\u011b jako funkce vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho konfigurov\u00e1n\u00ed poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V s\u00edti m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u011bkolik Aktivn\u00edch Pl\u00e1nova\u010d\u016f Vazeb, kter\u00e9 zaru\u010duj\u00ed z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed v nich zabudovan\u00fdch funkc\u00ed. V modern\u00edch syst\u00e9mech mohou b\u00fdt funkce LAS realizov\u00e1ny v br\u00e1nov\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pln\u00ed roli p\u0159evodn\u00edku protokol\u016f pro \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9my postaven\u00e9 na standardu odli\u0161n\u00e9m od Foundation Fieldbus HSE. <\/p>\n<p><b>Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje poln\u00ed sb\u011brnice<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed syst\u00e9m v s\u00edti H1 hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli, proto\u017ee pro samotnou mo\u017enost informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny v kabelu p\u0159enosu dat mus\u00ed b\u00fdt udr\u017eov\u00e1no nap\u011bt\u00ed v rozmez\u00ed od 9 do 32 V stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9ho proudu. A\u0165 u\u017e se poln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nap\u00e1jej\u00ed ze sb\u011brnice p\u0159enosu dat nebo z nap\u00e1jec\u00edch zdroj\u016f na m\u00edst\u011b, s\u00ed\u0165 vy\u017eaduje nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje sb\u011brnice. <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem je tedy udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch parametr\u016f na sb\u011brnici a nap\u00e1jen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch k s\u00edti. Oproti b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm nap\u00e1jec\u00edm zdroj\u016fm se nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje sb\u011brnice li\u0161\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee maj\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed impedanci v\u00fdstupn\u00edho obvodu na frekvenc\u00edch p\u0159enosu dat. Pokud by byly pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b H1 p\u0159\u00edmo pou\u017eity nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje 12 nebo 24 V, sign\u00e1l by byl ztracen a v\u00fdm\u011bna informac\u00ed na sb\u011brnici by byla nemo\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/255c85ad3ef33d9eb6e04bad68a975e3.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Rezervovan\u00e9 nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje poln\u00ed sb\u011brnice FB-PS (sestava pro 4 segmenty).<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k d\u016fle\u017eitosti zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spolehliv\u00e9ho nap\u00e1jen\u00ed sb\u011brnice mohou b\u00fdt nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje ka\u017ed\u00e9ho segmentu s\u00edt\u011b rezervov\u00e1ny. Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje FB-PS od spole\u010dnosti Phoenix Contact podporuj\u00ed technologii automatick\u00e9ho vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed (Auto Current Balancing). ACB zaji\u0161\u0165uje symetrick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mezi nap\u00e1jec\u00edmi zdroji, co\u017e m\u00e1 pozitivn\u00ed vliv na jejich teplotn\u00ed re\u017eim a v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku vede k prodlou\u017een\u00ed jejich \u017eivotnosti. <\/p>\n<p>Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed syst\u00e9m s\u00edt\u011b H1 je zpravidla um\u00edst\u011bn v ovl\u00e1dac\u00edm sk\u0159\u00edni.<\/p>\n<p><b>Spojovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Spojovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed k p\u0159ipojen\u00ed skupiny poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k datov\u00e9 sb\u011brnici. Podle vykon\u00e1van\u00fdch funkc\u00ed se d\u011bl\u00ed do dvou typ\u016f: moduly ochrany segmentu (Segment Protectors) a poln\u00ed bari\u00e9ry (Field Barriers). <\/p>\n<p>Bez ohledu na typ, spojovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 p\u0159ed zkraty a p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00edm v odchoz\u00edch lini\u00edch. P\u0159i vzniku zkratu spojovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed blokuje rozhran\u00ed portu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zabra\u0148uje \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zkratu v syst\u00e9mu a zaji\u0161\u0165uje tak v\u00fdm\u011bnu informac\u00ed mezi ostatn\u00edmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi s\u00edt\u011b. Po odstran\u011bn\u00ed zkratu v lince d\u0159\u00edve zablokovan\u00fd komunika\u010dn\u00ed port op\u011bt za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 fungovat.<\/p>\n<p>Poln\u00ed bari\u00e9ry nav\u00edc zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed galvanick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed mezi neiskrobezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi okruhy sb\u011brnice a iskrobezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi okruhy p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (odbo\u010dek).<\/p>\n<p>Fyzick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro spojen\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 dvou typ\u016f \u2013 blokov\u00e1 a modul\u00e1rn\u00ed. Blokov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spojen\u00ed typu FB-12SP s funkcionalitou ochrany segmentu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed pol\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v z\u00f3n\u011b 2 v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 obvody IC, zat\u00edmco pole bari\u00e9ry FB-12SP ISO umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159ipojit za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v z\u00f3n\u011b 1 a 0 v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi obvody IA. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/03b568d3ea8754fe8edb9bc6bc2f3308.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spojen\u00ed FB-12SP a FB-6SP od Phoenix Contact.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Jednou z v\u00fdhod modul\u00e1rn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je mo\u017enost \u0161k\u00e1lovat syst\u00e9m, p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu kan\u00e1l\u016f pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho modul\u00e1rn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159et flexibiln\u00ed struktury. V jedn\u00e9 distribu\u010dn\u00ed sk\u0159\u00edni je mo\u017en\u00e9 kombinovat moduly ochrany segmentu a pole bari\u00e9ry, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee z jedn\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b lze p\u0159ipojit pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch. Na jednu sb\u011brnici je mo\u017en\u00e9 nainstalovat a\u017e 12 dvoukan\u00e1lov\u00fdch modul\u016f FB-2SP nebo jednochannelsk\u00fdch modul\u016f bari\u00e9r FB-ISO, \u010d\u00edm\u017e lze z jedn\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b p\u0159ipojit a\u017e 24 pole za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v z\u00f3n\u011b 2 nebo a\u017e 12 senzor\u016f v z\u00f3n\u011b 1 nebo 0. <\/p>\n<p>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spojen\u00ed mohou pracovat v \u0161irok\u00e9m teplotn\u00edm rozmez\u00ed a jsou instalov\u00e1na v v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch obalech Ex e, Ex d se stupn\u011bm ochrany proti prachu a vlhkosti alespo\u0148 IP54, a to i maxim\u00e1ln\u011b bl\u00edzko k objektu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proti impulzn\u00edm p\u0159ep\u011bt\u00edm<\/b><\/p>\n<p>S\u00edt\u011b pole N1 mohou tvo\u0159it velmi dlouh\u00e9 segmenty a komunika\u010dn\u00ed linky mohou proch\u00e1zet m\u00edsty, kde m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout impulzn\u00ed p\u0159ep\u011bt\u00ed. Impulzn\u00ed p\u0159ep\u011bt\u00ed je definov\u00e1no jako indukovan\u00fd rozd\u00edl potenci\u00e1l\u016f zp\u016fsoben\u00fd bou\u0159kov\u00fdmi v\u00fdboji nebo zkraty v bl\u00edzk\u00fdch kabelov\u00fdch lini\u00edch. Indukovan\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed o hodnot\u011b n\u011bkolika kilovolt\u016f zp\u016fsobuje pr\u016ftok v\u00fdbojov\u00fdch proud\u016f o velikosti v kiloamp\u00e9rech. V\u0161echny tyto jevy prob\u00edhaj\u00ed b\u011bhem mikrosekund, ale mohou v\u00e9st k selh\u00e1n\u00ed komponent\u016f s\u00edt\u011b N1. Pro ochranu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ed takov\u00fdmi jevy je nutn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat UZIP. Pou\u017eit\u00ed UZIP m\u00edsto b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch propojovac\u00edch svorek zaru\u010duje spolehliv\u00fd a bezpe\u010dn\u00fd provoz syst\u00e9mu za nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. <\/p>\n<p>Princip \u010dinnosti je zalo\u017een na pou\u017eit\u00ed kvazikr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho zkratu v nanosekundov\u00e9m rozsahu pro proch\u00e1zen\u00ed v\u00fdbojov\u00fdch proud\u016f v obvodu, ve kter\u00e9m jsou pou\u017eity prvky schopn\u00e9 sn\u00e1\u0161et pr\u016ftok proud\u016f takov\u00e9ho rozsahu. <\/p>\n<p>Existuje mnoho variant UZIPS: jednokan\u00e1lov\u00e9, dvoukan\u00e1lov\u00e9, se snadno vym\u011bniteln\u00fdmi konektory, s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi typy diagnostiky \u2013 ve form\u011b blinkeru, such\u00e9ho kontaktu. Modern\u00ed diagnostick\u00e9 prost\u0159edky od Phoenix Contact umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed UZIPS s vyu\u017eit\u00edm digit\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eeb na z\u00e1klad\u011b Ethernetu. V z\u00e1vod\u011b spole\u010dnosti v Rusku jsou vyr\u00e1b\u011bna za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed certifikovan\u00e1 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b syst\u00e9m\u016f Foundation Fieldbus. <\/p>\n<p><b>Termin\u00e1tor sb\u011brnice<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Termin\u00e1tor pln\u00ed v s\u00edti dv\u011b funkce \u2013 zkratuje proud pole sb\u011brnice, kter\u00fd vznik\u00e1 modula\u010dn\u00edm sign\u00e1lem, a br\u00e1n\u00ed odraz\u016fm sign\u00e1lu na konc\u00edch hlavn\u00ed linky, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zamezuje vzniku \u0161umu a jitteru (f\u00e1zov\u00e9ho chv\u011bn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho sign\u00e1lu). T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem termin\u00e1tor zabra\u0148uje vzniku nep\u0159esn\u00fdch dat v s\u00edti nebo \u00fapln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b dat.<\/p>\n<p>V ka\u017ed\u00e9m segmentu s\u00edt\u011b H1 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edtomny dva termin\u00e1tory, na ka\u017ed\u00e9m konci segmentu. Nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje sb\u011brnice a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro spojen\u00ed Phoenix Contact jsou dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny s odpojiteln\u00fdmi termin\u00e1tory. P\u0159\u00edtomnost p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00fdch termin\u00e1tor\u016f v s\u00edti, nap\u0159. v d\u016fsledku chyby, by v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017eovala \u00farove\u0148 sign\u00e1lu v rozhran\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>V\u00fdm\u011bna informac\u00ed mezi segmenty<\/h4>\n<p>\nV\u00fdm\u011bna informac\u00ed mezi polem za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nen\u00ed omezena pouze na jeden segment, ale je mo\u017en\u00e1 mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi s\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt spojeny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu nebo podnikov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b na z\u00e1klad\u011b Ethernetu. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit protokol Foundation Fieldbus HSE nebo popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad Modbus TCP. <\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b HSE se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010de. Protokol povoluje kruhov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9my. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si pamatovat, \u017ee v kruhov\u00e9 topologii mus\u00ed p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010de pou\u017e\u00edvat jeden z protokol\u016f z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edho syst\u00e9mu (RSTP, MRP nebo Extended Ring Redundancy) v z\u00e1vislosti na velikosti a po\u017eadovan\u00e9m \u010dase konvergence s\u00edt\u011b p\u0159i p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed spojovac\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. <\/p>\n<p>Integrace syst\u00e9m\u016f na b\u00e1zi HSE se t\u0159et\u00edmi stranami je mo\u017en\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed technologie OPC.<\/p>\n<h4>Metody zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdbuchu bezpe\u010dnosti<\/h4>\n<p>\nPro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdbuchu bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 soustavy nesta\u010d\u00ed \u0159\u00eddit se pouze charakteristikami v\u00fdbuchu bezpe\u010dnosti za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v\u00fdb\u011brem jejich spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed na objektu. V r\u00e1mci syst\u00e9mu ka\u017ed\u00e9 z za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nefunguje samo o sob\u011b, ale pracuje v r\u00e1mci jedn\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. V s\u00edt\u00edch Foundation Fieldbus H1 je informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna mezi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdbuchu, spojena nejen s p\u0159enosem dat, ale tak\u00e9 s p\u0159enosem elektrick\u00e9 energie. Velikost energie, kter\u00e1 byla povolena v jedn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nep\u0159ijateln\u00e1 v jin\u00e9. Proto se pro hodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdbuchu bezpe\u010dnosti poln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed a v\u00fdb\u011br optim\u00e1ln\u00ed metody jej\u00edho zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 syst\u00e9mov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Mezi takov\u00fdmi metodami z\u00edskaly nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed popularitu metody zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jiskrov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>V sou\u010dasnosti existuje n\u011bkolik zp\u016fsob\u016f zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jiskrov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti pro poln\u00ed sb\u011brnice: tradi\u010dn\u00ed metoda jiskrov\u00e9 ochrany, koncept FISCO a technologie High Power Trunk (HPT). <\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed z nich je zalo\u017een na pou\u017eit\u00ed jiskrov\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch bari\u00e9r a realizuje ov\u011b\u0159enou koncepci, kter\u00e1 byla pou\u017eita v \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch syst\u00e9mech na b\u00e1zi analogov\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f 4-20 mA. Tato metoda je jednoduch\u00e1 a spolehliv\u00e1, ale omezuje nap\u00e1jen\u00ed poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ve v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch 0 a 1 na 80 mA. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je optimisticky mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ipojit maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 4 poln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na segment s odb\u011brem 20 mA, ale ve skute\u010dnosti ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 2. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b syst\u00e9m ztr\u00e1c\u00ed v\u0161echny v\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 existuj\u00ed v Foundation Fieldbus, a v podstat\u011b vede k topologii bod-bod, kdy pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed velk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu poln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 syst\u00e9m rozd\u011blit na mnoho segment\u016f. Tato metoda tak\u00e9 zna\u010dn\u011b omezuje d\u00e9lku hlavn\u00edho kabelu a odbo\u010dek.<\/p>\n<p>Koncept FISCO byl vyvinut \"N\u00e1rodn\u00edm metrologick\u00fdm institutem N\u011bmecka\" a pozd\u011bji se stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed standard\u016f IEC a n\u00e1sledn\u011b i GOST. Pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed iskrob\u011bzpe\u010dnosti polev\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed koncept p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed komponent\u016f, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 limity. Tyto limity jsou formulov\u00e1ny pro nap\u00e1jec\u00ed zdroje podle v\u00fdstupn\u00edho v\u00fdkonu, pro polev\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed podle spot\u0159eby v\u00fdkonu a induk\u010dnosti, pro kabely podle odporu, kapacity a induk\u010dnosti. Tyto limity jsou spojeny s t\u00edm, \u017ee kapacitn\u00ed a induk\u010dn\u00ed prvky mohou akumulovat energii, kter\u00e1 v havarijn\u00edm re\u017eimu, p\u0159i po\u0161kozen\u00ed jak\u00e9hokoli prvku syst\u00e9mu, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uvoln\u011bna a zp\u016fsobit iskrov\u00fd v\u00fdboj. Krom\u011b toho koncept zakazuje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed v syst\u00e9mu nap\u00e1jen\u00ed sb\u011brnice.<\/p>\n<p>FISCO poskytuje vysokou hodnotu proudu pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 oblasti ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s metodou polov\u00fdch bari\u00e9r. K dispozici je 115 mA, co\u017e lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed 4-5 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v segmentu. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 omezen\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se d\u00e9lky hlavn\u00edho kabelu a odbo\u010dek.<\/p>\n<p>Technologie High Power Trunk je v sou\u010dasnosti nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologi\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed iskrob\u011bzpe\u010dnosti v s\u00edt\u00edch Foundation Fieldbus, proto\u017ee nem\u00e1 nedostatky, kter\u00e9 existuj\u00ed v s\u00edt\u00edch chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch bari\u00e9rami nebo postaven\u00fdch podle FISCO. S pou\u017eit\u00edm HPT se stalo mo\u017en\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho po\u010dtu polev\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v segmentu s\u00edt\u011b. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Syst\u00e9my automatizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na Foundation Fieldbus\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/0ee268277f614aa270578e2036cd70bc.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nTechnologie neomezuje elektrick\u00e9 parametry s\u00edt\u011b tam, kde to nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad na hlavn\u00ed lince komunikace, kde nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba \u00fadr\u017eby a v\u00fdm\u011bny vybaven\u00ed. Pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed polev\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch v nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 oblasti se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u00e1rov\u00e1n\u00ed s funkcionalitou polov\u00fdch bari\u00e9r, kter\u00e1 omezuj\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 parametry s\u00edt\u011b pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed senzor\u016f a nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edmo vedle kontroln\u00edho objektu. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se po celou dobu segmentu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 typ v\u00fdbuchu ochran\u011b Ex e (zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 ochrana).<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/phoenix_contact\/blog\/489256\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Foundation Fieldbus \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a Profibus, Modbus \u0438\u043b\u0438 HART. \u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 1996 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u2013 H1 \u0438 HSE (High Speed Ethernet). \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b H1 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":71010,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Foundation Fieldbus \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 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