{"id":71318,"date":"2020-02-25T07:34:19","date_gmt":"2020-02-25T04:34:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/uyazvimosti-v-opensmtpd-pozvolyayushhie-udalyonno-i-lokalno-poluchit-prava-root"},"modified":"2020-03-03T16:10:53","modified_gmt":"2020-03-03T13:10:53","slug":"uyazvimosti-v-opensmtpd-pozvolyayushhie-udalyonno-i-lokalno-poluchit-prava-root","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-opensmtpd-pozvolyayushhie-udalyonno-i-lokalno-poluchit-prava-root","title":{"rendered":"Zranitelnosti v OpenSMTPD, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vzd\u00e1len\u011b a lok\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00edskat pr\u00e1va root","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spole\u010dnost Qualys <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openwall.com\/lists\/oss-security\/2020\/02\/24\/5\">odhalila<\/a><\/noindex> dal\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 kritick\u00e1 zranitelnost (CVE-2020-8794) na po\u0161tovn\u00edm serveru <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/opensmtpd.org\/\">OpenSMTPD<\/a><\/noindex>, vyv\u00edjen\u00e9m projektem OpenBSD. Stejn\u011b jako zranitelnost odhalena na konci ledna <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52267\">zranitelnost<\/a><\/noindex>, nov\u00fd probl\u00e9m umo\u017e\u0148uje vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed libovoln\u00fdch shellov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f na serveru s pr\u00e1vy u\u017eivatele root. Zranitelnost <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mail-archive.com\/misc@opensmtpd.org\/msg04888.html\">odstran\u011bna<\/a><\/noindex> v vyd\u00e1n\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/OpenSMTPD\/OpenSMTPD\/releases\">OpenSMTPD 6.6.4p1<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m je zp\u016fsoben chybou v k\u00f3du, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje doru\u010den\u00ed po\u0161ty na vzd\u00e1len\u00fd po\u0161tovn\u00ed server (ne v k\u00f3du, kter\u00fd zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed). \u00datok je mo\u017en\u00fd jak na stran\u011b klienta, tak na stran\u011b serveru. Na stran\u011b klienta je \u00fatok mo\u017en\u00fd v konfiguraci OpenSMTPD ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9 OpenSMTPD p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 po\u017eadavky pouze na vnit\u0159n\u00edm s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9m rozhran\u00ed (localhost) a odes\u00edl\u00e1 e-maily na extern\u00ed servery. Pro zneu\u017eit\u00ed zranitelnosti sta\u010d\u00ed, aby p\u0159i doru\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailu OpenSMTPD nav\u00e1zal relaci s po\u0161tovn\u00edm serverem, kter\u00fd je pod kontrolou \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka, nebo aby \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk mohl zas\u00e1hnout do spojen\u00ed klienta (MITM nebo p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i \u00fatoc\u00edch p\u0159es DNS nebo BGP).<\/p>\n<p>Pro \u00fatok na stran\u011b serveru je nutn\u00e9, aby byl OpenSMTPD nastaven na p\u0159\u00edjem extern\u00edch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f od jin\u00fdch po\u0161tovn\u00edch server\u016f nebo aby obsluhoval extern\u00ed slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed odesl\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadavku na libovoln\u00fd e-mail (nap\u0159\u00edklad formul\u00e1\u0159e potvrzen\u00ed adresy na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch). Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk se m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ipojit k serveru OpenSMTPD a odeslat neplatn\u00fd e-mail (neexistuj\u00edc\u00edmu u\u017eivateli), co\u017e povede k odpov\u011bdn\u00edmu odesl\u00e1n\u00ed e-mailu s chybov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem (bounce) na server \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee zneu\u017e\u00edt zranitelnost v moment\u011b, kdy se OpenSMTPD p\u0159ipoj\u00ed k doru\u010den\u00ed ozn\u00e1men\u00ed na server \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka. Vlo\u017een\u00ed shellov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f b\u011bhem \u00fatoku se ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 do souboru, kter\u00fd je vykon\u00e1n s pr\u00e1vy root p\u0159i restartov\u00e1n\u00ed OpenSMTPD, proto \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk pro potvrzen\u00ed \u00fatoku mus\u00ed \u010dekat na restart OpenSMTPD nebo iniciovat p\u00e1d OpenSMTPD.<\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m se vyskytuje ve funkci mta_io() v k\u00f3du pro anal\u00fdzu v\u00edce\u0159\u00e1dkov\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi vracen\u00e9 vzd\u00e1len\u00fdm serverem po nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed spojen\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201e250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES\u201c a \u201e250 HELP\u201c). V OpenSMTPD se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee prvn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dek obsahuje t\u0159\u00edcifern\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo a text odd\u011blen\u00e9 znakem \u201e-\u201c, zat\u00edmco druh\u00fd \u0159\u00e1dek obsahuje t\u0159\u00edcifern\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo a text odd\u011blen\u00fd mezerou. Pokud v druh\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1dku po t\u0159\u00edcifern\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle n\u00e1sleduje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 mezera a text, ukazatel pou\u017eit\u00fd pro ur\u010den\u00ed textu se nastav\u00ed na byte n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed po znaku \u2018\u2019 a pokus\u00ed se zkop\u00edrovat do datov\u00e9ho bufferu, n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed po konci \u0159\u00e1dku.<\/p>\n<p>Na \u017e\u00e1dost projektu OpenBSD byla publikace podrobnost\u00ed o zneu\u017eit\u00ed zranitelnosti odlo\u017eena do 26. \u00fanora, aby m\u011bli u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mo\u017enost aktualizovat sv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Probl\u00e9m je p\u0159\u00edtomen v k\u00f3dov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b od prosince 2015, ale zneu\u017eit\u00ed k\u00f3du s pr\u00e1vy root je mo\u017en\u00e9 od kv\u011btna 2018. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci p\u0159ipravili funk\u010dn\u00ed prototyp exploitu, kter\u00fd byl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b testov\u00e1n v sestav\u00e1ch OpenSMTPD pro OpenBSD 6.6, OpenBSD 5.9, Debian 10, Debian 11 (testing) a Fedora 31. <\/p>\n<p>V OpenSMTPD je tak\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openwall.com\/lists\/oss-security\/2020\/02\/24\/4\">byla odhalena<\/a><\/noindex> dal\u0161\u00ed zranitelnost (CVE-2020-8793), kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje m\u00edstn\u00edmu u\u017eivateli p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst prvn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dek jak\u00e9hokoli souboru v syst\u00e9mu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad lze p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst prvn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dek \/etc\/master.passwd, kter\u00fd obsahuje hash hesla u\u017eivatele root. Zranitelnost tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst cel\u00e9 obsahu souboru pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edho jin\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli, pokud se tento soubor nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve stejn\u00e9 FS jako adres\u00e1\u0159 \/var\/spool\/smtpd\/. Probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed zneu\u017eiteln\u00fd v mnoha distribuc\u00edch Linuxu, kde je hodnota \/proc\/sys\/fs\/protected_hardlinks nastavena na 1. <\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m je d\u016fsledkem ne\u00fapln\u00e9ho odstran\u011bn\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=43090\">probl\u00e9mech<\/a><\/noindex>, zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch v pr\u016fb\u011bhu auditu proveden\u00e9ho spole\u010dnost\u00ed Qualys v roce 2015. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout proveden\u00ed sv\u00e9ho k\u00f3du s pr\u00e1vy skupiny \u201e_smtpq\u201c, nastaven\u00edm prom\u011bnn\u00e9 \u201ePATH=.\u201c a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm skriptu s n\u00e1zvem makemap do aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho adres\u00e1\u0159e (n\u00e1stroj smtpctl spou\u0161t\u00ed makemap bez explicitn\u00edho uveden\u00ed cesty). Po z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu ke skupin\u011b \u201e_smtpq\u201c m\u016f\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk pot\u00e9 vyvolat stav z\u00e1vady (vytvo\u0159it velk\u00fd soubor v adres\u00e1\u0159i offline a poslat sign\u00e1l SIGSTOP) a p\u0159ed dokon\u010den\u00edm zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed nahradit soubor v adres\u00e1\u0159i offline tvrd\u00fdm symbolick\u00fdm odkazem, kter\u00fd ukazuje na c\u00edlov\u00fd soubor, jeho\u017e obsah m\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u0159e\u010dten.<\/p>\n<p>Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee ve Fedora 31 zranitelnost umo\u017e\u0148uje okam\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed privilegovan\u00fdch pr\u00e1v skupiny root, proto\u017ee proces smtpctl m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edznak setgid root m\u00edsto setgid smtpq. Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupu do skupiny root lze p\u0159epsat obsah \/var\/lib\/sss\/mc\/passwd a z\u00edskat pln\u00fd root p\u0159\u00edstup v syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52423\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Qualys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-8794) \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 OpenSMTPD, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c OpenBSD. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b shell \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f root. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 OpenSMTPD 6.6.4p1. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Qualys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-8794) \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-opensmtpd-pozvolyayushhie-udalyonno-i-lokalno-poluchit-prava-root\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 OpenSMTPD, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 root | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Qualys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-8794) \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-opensmtpd-pozvolyayushhie-udalyonno-i-lokalno-poluchit-prava-root\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-02-25T04:34:19+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-03-03T13:10:53+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Zranitelnosti v OpenSMTPD, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v root | ProHoster","description":"Spole\u010dnost Qualys odhalila dal\u0161\u00ed kritickou vzd\u00e1lenou zranitelnost (CVE-2020-8794) v po\u0161tovn\u00edm serveru.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-opensmtpd-pozvolyayushhie-udalyonno-i-lokalno-poluchit-prava-root","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 OpenSMTPD, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 root | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Qualys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2020-8794) \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-opensmtpd-pozvolyayushhie-udalyonno-i-lokalno-poluchit-prava-root","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2020-02-25T04:34:19+00:00","article:modified_time":"2020-03-03T13:10:53+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"71318","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-02-28 19:04:24","updated":"2022-09-28 08:07:40","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71318","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71318"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71318\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71318"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71318"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71318"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}