{"id":72068,"date":"2020-03-01T14:51:16","date_gmt":"2020-03-01T11:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/lets-encrypt-vydal-milliard-sertifikatov"},"modified":"2020-03-03T16:14:01","modified_gmt":"2020-03-03T13:14:01","slug":"lets-encrypt-vydal-milliard-sertifikatov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/lets-encrypt-vydal-milliard-sertifikatov","title":{"rendered":"Let\u2019s Encrypt vydal miliardu certifik\u00e1t\u016f","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Let's27. \u00fanora 2020 byla zah\u00e1jena bezplatn\u00e1 certifika\u010dn\u00ed centra Let's Encrypt. miliont\u00fd certifik\u00e1t<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

V slavnostn\u00ed tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b z\u00e1stupci projektu vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed 100\u00a0milion\u016f vydan\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f oslavovali v \u010dervnu 2017<\/a><\/noindex>. Tehdy pod\u00edl HTTPS provozu na internetu \u010dinil 58 % (v USA 64 %). Za dva a p\u016fl roku se tato \u010d\u00edsla v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila: \u201eDnes 81 % na\u010d\u00edtan\u00fdch str\u00e1nek po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 HTTPS, a ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech jsme na \u00farovni 91 %! \u2013 raduj\u00ed se kluci z projektu. \u2013 Neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 dosa\u017een\u00ed. To je mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 soukrom\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnosti pro v\u0161echny.\u201c <\/p>\n

Let's Encrypt sehr\u00e1l velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v tom, aby se certifik\u00e1ty HTTPS staly utilit\u00e1rn\u00edm standardem, a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu se stalo naprosto norm\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed internetu.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nBeta testov\u00e1n\u00ed inovativn\u00edho certifika\u010dn\u00edho centra Let's Encrypt za\u010dalo v prosinci 2015. Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnost\u00ed nov\u00e9ho centra bylo, \u017ee proces vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed certifik\u00e1t\u016f byl p\u016fvodn\u011b zcela automatizov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Automatick\u00e1 konfigurace HTTPS na serveru prob\u00edh\u00e1 ve dvou kroc\u00edch. V prvn\u00edm kroku agent informuje certifika\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edisko o pr\u00e1vech spr\u00e1vce serveru na dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat vytvo\u0159en\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho subdom\u00e9ny nebo um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed v dom\u00e9n\u011b HTTP zdroje se specifick\u00fdm URI.<\/p>\n

\"Let's
\n
\nLet\u2019s Encrypt identifikuje webov\u00fd server s b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edm agentem pomoc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de. Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 a soukrom\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010de jsou generov\u00e1ny agentem p\u0159ed prvn\u00edm p\u0159ipojen\u00edm k certifika\u010dn\u00edmu st\u0159edisku. B\u011bhem automatick\u00e9 kontroly agent prov\u00e1d\u00ed \u0159adu test\u016f: nap\u0159\u00edklad podepisuje ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem z\u00edskan\u00e9 jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9 heslo a p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 HTTP zdroj se specifick\u00fdm URI. Pokud je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis spr\u00e1vn\u00fd a v\u0161echny testy jsou spln\u011bny - agentovi jsou ud\u011blov\u00e1na pr\u00e1va na spr\u00e1vu certifik\u00e1t\u016f pro dom\u00e9nu.<\/p>\n

\"Let's
\n
\nVe druh\u00e9m kroku m\u016f\u017ee agent \u017e\u00e1dat, aktualizovat a odvol\u00e1vat certifik\u00e1ty. Pro automatick\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed certifik\u00e1tu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 autentifika\u010dn\u00ed protokol t\u0159\u00eddy \"challenge-response\" (v\u00fdzva-odpov\u011b\u010f) nazvan\u00fd Automated Certificate Management Environment (ACME). V\u0161echny manipulace s certifik\u00e1tem se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed bez zastaven\u00ed webov\u00e9ho serveru pomoc\u00ed ACME klienta. Certbot<\/a><\/noindex>. Je snadn\u00fd na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, funguje na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a je skv\u011ble zdokumentov\u00e1n. Existuje expertn\u00ed re\u017eim s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou sadou nastaven\u00ed. Krom\u011b Certbotu existuje mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch ACME klient\u016f<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 role Let's Encrypt<\/h1>\n

\nLet's Encrypt zp\u016fsobil skute\u010dnou revoluci na trhu, kde d\u0159\u00edve dominovaly komer\u010dn\u00ed certifika\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady. Nyn\u00ed prakticky opustily obchod s vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm DV certifik\u00e1t\u016f (certifik\u00e1ty s potvrzen\u00edm dom\u00e9ny, Domain Validation), a\u010dkoli nad\u00e1le prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed certifik\u00e1ty s potvrzen\u00edm organizace (Organization Validation, OV) a certifik\u00e1ty s vysokou d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost\u00ed (Extended Validation, EV), kter\u00e9 Let's Encrypt nevyd\u00e1v\u00e1, proto\u017ee je nelze automatizovat. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, to je nikov\u00e1 komodita, a na masov\u00e9m trhu bezv\u00fdhradn\u011b dominuj\u00ed bezplatn\u00e9 certifik\u00e1ty Let's Encrypt.<\/p>\n

Let's Encrypt u\u010dinil standardem automatick\u00e9 obnovov\u00e1n\u00ed certifik\u00e1t\u016f. Navzdory kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b jejich platnosti (90 dn\u00ed) automatizovan\u00fd proces odstra\u0148uje \"lidsk\u00fd faktor\", kter\u00fd tradi\u010dn\u011b p\u0159edstavuje hlavn\u00ed zranitelnost v bezpe\u010dnosti. Administr\u00e1to\u0159i dom\u00e9n \u010dasto prost\u011b zapomenou obnovit certifik\u00e1ty, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje v\u00fdpadky slu\u017eeb. K posledn\u00edmu takov\u00e9mu incidentu do\u0161lo s Microsoft Teams. Dne 3. \u00fanora 2020 tato platforma pro spolupr\u00e1ci p\u0159e\u0161la do offline re\u017eimu. kv\u016fli propadl\u00e9mu certifik\u00e1tu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Automatick\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna certifik\u00e1t\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm protokolu ACME vylu\u010duje mo\u017enost podobn\u00fdch incident\u016f.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli projekt Let's Encrypt obsluhuje polovinu internetu, ve fyzick\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b je to mal\u00e1 neziskov\u00e1 organizace: \"Za posledn\u00ed dva a p\u016fl roku na\u0161e organizace vyrostla, ale jen velmi m\u00e1lo! \u2013 p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed oni. \u2013 V \u010dervnu 2017 jsme obsluhovali p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 46 milion\u016f webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek s 11 st\u00e1l\u00fdmi zam\u011bstnanci a ro\u010dn\u00edm rozpo\u010dtem 2,61 milionu dolar\u016f. Dnes obsluhujeme t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 192 milion\u016f webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek s 13 st\u00e1l\u00fdmi zam\u011bstnanci a ro\u010dn\u00edm rozpo\u010dtem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3,35 milionu dolar\u016f. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee obsluhujeme v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce web\u016f pouze se dv\u011bma dodate\u010dn\u00fdmi zam\u011bstnanci a 28% n\u00e1r\u016fstem rozpo\u010dtu.\"<\/p>\n

Podpora projektu prob\u00edh\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dar\u016f<\/a><\/noindex> a sponzoringu<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

HTTPS se v sou\u010dasnosti stal de facto standardem na internetu. Od lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku hlavn\u00ed prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de varuj\u00ed u\u017eivatele p\u0159ed rizikem p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k web\u016fm, kter\u00e9 ne\u0161ifruj\u00ed provoz pomoc\u00ed HTTPS. Na t\u00e9to zm\u011bn\u011b v bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed krajin\u011b m\u00e1 velkou z\u00e1sluhu Let’s Encrypt.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho, Let’s Encrypt doslova o\u017eivil infrastrukturu ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch XMPP server\u016f<\/a><\/noindex>. Nyn\u00ed Jabber funguje s d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdm \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00edm jak na \u00farovni klient-server, tak server-server, a naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina certifik\u00e1t\u016f byla vyd\u00e1na Let’s Encrypt.<\/p>\n

\"Let's
\n
\n\u201eJako komunita jsme ud\u011blali neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 v\u011bci, abychom chr\u00e1nili lidi na internetu,\u201c je uvedeno v tiskov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b<\/a><\/noindex>. \u201eVyd\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho miliardy certifik\u00e1t\u016f je potvrzen\u00edm ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho pokroku, kter\u00e9ho jsme jako komunita dos\u00e1hli.\u201c
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

27 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 Let’s Encrypt \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441-\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432 100\u00a0\u043c\u043b\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u0435 2017 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f HTTPS-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430 58% (\u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410\u00a0\u2014 64%). \u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0438: \u00ab\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f 81% \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":72069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-72068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Let\u2019s Encrypt vydal miliardu certifik\u00e1t\u016f | ProHoster","description":"27. \u00fanora 2020, bezplatn\u00e9 certifika\u010dn\u00ed 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