{"id":74068,"date":"2020-03-14T02:42:21","date_gmt":"2020-03-13T23:42:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/avr-i-vse-vse-vse-avtomaticheskij-vvod-rezerva-v-data-czentre"},"modified":"2020-03-14T02:42:21","modified_gmt":"2020-03-13T23:42:21","slug":"avr-i-vse-vse-vse-avtomaticheskij-vvod-rezerva-v-data-czentre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/avr-i-vse-vse-vse-avtomaticheskij-vvod-rezerva-v-data-czentre","title":{"rendered":"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V minul\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku o <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/471876\/\">PDU<\/a><\/noindex> jsme hovo\u0159ili o tom, \u017ee v n\u011bkter\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u00edch je nainstalov\u00e1n AVR \u2013 automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy. Ve skute\u010dnosti se AVR nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze ve sk\u0159\u00edn\u00edch, ale po cel\u00e9 cest\u011b elektrick\u00e9ho nap\u00e1jen\u00ed. V r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech pln\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fakoly:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>v hlavn\u00edch distribu\u010dn\u00edch rozvad\u011b\u010d\u00edch (G\u0158) AVR p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e mezi p\u0159ipojen\u00edm z m\u011bsta a rezervn\u00edm nap\u00e1jen\u00edm z dieselgeneratorov\u00fdch jednotek (DGU);\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<li>ve zdroj\u00edch bez p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed (UPS) AVR p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e z hlavn\u00edho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed na bypass (o tom n\u00ed\u017ee);\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<li>ve sk\u0159\u00edn\u00edch AVR p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e z jednoho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed na druh\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f s jedn\u00edm z p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/a2466b2df6759cf0982df39b1b468e4c.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>AVR ve standardn\u00edm sch\u00e9matu nap\u00e1jen\u00ed datov\u00fdch center DataLine.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>O tom, jak\u00e9 typy AVR a kde se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, si dnes popov\u00edd\u00e1me.\u00a0<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nHlavn\u00edch typ\u016f AVR je dva: <b>ATS (automatick\u00fd p\u0159enosov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d) a STS (statick\u00fd p\u0159enosov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d)<\/b>. Li\u0161\u00ed se principy \u010dinnosti a komponentn\u00ed z\u00e1kladnou a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00fakoly. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, STS je \u201einteligentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c ATS. Rychleji p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e a \u010dast\u011bji se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee\/ proudy. Je flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v nastaven\u00ed, ale m\u00e1\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>AVR v G\u0158<\/h2>\n<p>\u00a0<br \/>\nHlavn\u00ed AVR datov\u00e9ho centra p\u0159ed dvaceti lety vypadal jako slo\u017eit\u00fd syst\u00e9m kontakt\u016f a rel\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/b481efb2947821f650b56e791f8622a9.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>AVR z po\u010d\u00e1tku 2000s.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Dnes je AVR kompaktn\u00ed multifunk\u010dn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/34b839b2402c97916b8cb3681989a798.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSyst\u00e9m AVR v G\u0158 \u0159\u00edd\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed automaty a d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edkazy k zapnut\u00ed a vypnut\u00ed DGU. P\u0159i zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nad 2 MW na \u00farovni G\u0158 nen\u00ed rozumn\u00e9 honit se za rychlost\u00ed. I kdy\u017e se p\u0159epne rychle, chv\u00edli potrv\u00e1, ne\u017e se DGU spust\u00ed. V tomto syst\u00e9mu se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u201epomalej\u0161\u00edm\u201c ATS a nastavuj\u00ed se prodlevy (nastaven\u00ed). Funguje to takto: kdy\u017e nap\u00e1jen\u00ed datov\u00e9ho centra od transform\u00e1tor\u016f zmiz\u00ed, AVR d\u00e1v\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm pokyn: \u201eTransform\u00e1tore, vypni se. Te\u010f \u010dek\u00e1me 10 sekund (nastaven\u00ed), DGU, zapni se, \u010dek\u00e1me je\u0161t\u011b 10 sekund.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>AVR v UPS\u00a0\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>\nNa p\u0159\u00edkladu UPS se pod\u00edv\u00e1me, jak funguje druh\u00fd typ AVR \u2013 STS neboli statick\u00fd p\u0159enosov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d.<\/p>\n<p>V UPS se st\u0159\u00eddav\u00fd proud p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed na stejnosm\u011brn\u00fd v usm\u011br\u0148ova\u010di. Pot\u00e9 se na invertoru op\u011bt m\u011bn\u00ed na st\u0159\u00eddav\u00fd proud, ale se stabiln\u00edmi parametry. To eliminuje ru\u0161en\u00ed a zvy\u0161uje kvalitu energie. P\u0159i v\u00fdpadku hlavn\u00edho zdroje energie <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/310356\/\">UPS p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> na baterie a nap\u00e1j\u00ed datov\u00e9 centrum, dokud se neza\u010dne pou\u017e\u00edvat z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed gener\u00e1tor.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Ale co kdy\u017e sel\u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st: usm\u011br\u0148ova\u010d, invertor nebo baterie? V ka\u017ed\u00e9m UPS je k tomu mechanismus obch\u00e1zen\u00ed, neboli bypass. S n\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pokra\u010duje v provozu obch\u00e1zen\u00edm hlavn\u00edch komponent\u016f, p\u0159\u00edmo od vstupn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed. Bypass se tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, kdy\u017e je t\u0159eba UPS vypnout a poslat na opravu.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>STS v UPS je pot\u0159eba pro bezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159echod na bypassov\u00fd vstup. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, STS kontroluje parametry s\u00edt\u011b na vstupu a v\u00fdstupu, vy\u010dk\u00e1v\u00e1, a\u017e se shodnou, a p\u0159epne za bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/98c688d0f0e28a6ef697e096b03d87d1.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>AVR ve stojanu\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>\ntak\u017ee ke stojanu jsou p\u0159ipojeny dva vstupy nap\u00e1jen\u00ed. Pokud m\u00e1 va\u0161e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dva zdroje nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete ho v klidu p\u0159ipojit k r\u016fzn\u00fdm PDU, a v\u00fdpadek jednoho vstupu v\u00e1s nemus\u00ed d\u011bsit. A co kdy\u017e m\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161 server jeden zdroj nap\u00e1jen\u00ed?\u00a0<br \/>\nVe stojanu se AVR pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, aby se zisk z dvou vstup\u016f neztratil. P\u0159i probl\u00e9mech s jedn\u00edm z vstup\u016f AVR p\u0159epne z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na druh\u00fd vstup.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Upozorn\u011bn\u00ed: Pokud m\u016f\u017eete, vyhn\u011bte se za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm s jedn\u00edm zdrojem nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, abyste nevytv\u00e1\u0159eli bod selh\u00e1n\u00ed v syst\u00e9mu. D\u00e1le uk\u00e1\u017eeme, v \u010dem spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed nev\u00fdhody takov\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3a2e45499d687ffcd983f88add5958cb.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u00dakolem AVR ve stojanu je p\u0159epnout za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na pracovn\u00ed vstup tak rychle, aby v jeho \u010dinnosti nedo\u0161lo k p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed. Pot\u0159ebnou rychlost jsme nalezli empiricky: maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 20 ms. Pod\u00edvejme se, jak to zjistili.<\/p>\n<p>Selh\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010dinnosti serverov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nast\u00e1v\u00e1 kv\u016fli pokles\u016fm nap\u011bt\u00ed (z d\u016fvodu prac\u00ed na transformovn\u00e1ch, p\u0159ipojov\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00fdch z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed nebo hav\u00e1ri\u00ed). Abychom ilustrovali, jak za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e9 amplitudy a d\u00e9lku pokles\u016f nap\u011bt\u00ed, byly vyvinuty k\u0159ivky bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce elektrick\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed CBEMA (Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association). Nyn\u00ed jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako k\u0159ivky ITIC (Information Technology Industry Council), jejich varianty jsou zahrnuty ve standardech IEEE 446 ANSI (toto je ekvivalent na\u0161ich GOST\u016f).<\/p>\n<p>Porovn\u00e1me se s pl\u00e1nem. Na\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem je, aby za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pracovala v \"zelen\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b\". Na k\u0159ivce ITIC vid\u00edme, \u017ee vybaven\u00ed je p\u0159ipraveno \"sn\u00e1\u0161et\" v\u00fdpadek maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 20 ms. Proto se orientujeme na to, aby AVR v racku reagovalo za 20 ms, a l\u00e9pe je\u0161t\u011b rychleji.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/fe6c9e359801283c2868ae758421fb33.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Zdroj: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meandr.ru\/itic\">meandr.ru<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed AVR<\/b>. Typick\u00fd AVR (ATS) v na\u0161em datov\u00e9m centru zab\u00edr\u00e1 1 jednotku a vydr\u017e\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed 16 A.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Na displeji vid\u00edme, od jak\u00e9ho vstupu je AVR nap\u00e1jeno, kolik p\u0159ipojen\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v amp\u00e9rech. Pomoc\u00ed samostatn\u00e9ho tla\u010d\u00edtka vyb\u00edr\u00e1me prioritn\u00ed vstup prvn\u00ed nebo druh\u00fd. Vpravo jsou porty pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k AVR:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ethernet port \u2014 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed monitoringu;\n<\/li>\n<li>Seriov\u00fd port \u2014 p\u0159ipojit se p\u0159es notebook a pod\u00edvat se do log\u016f, co se d\u011bje;\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<li>USB \u2014 vlo\u017eit flash disk a aktualizovat firmware.\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPorty jsou zam\u011bniteln\u00e9: lze prov\u00e9st v\u0161echny tyto operace, pokud je p\u0159\u00edstup k alespo\u0148 jednomu z nich.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/db6b2698981c08e3cae0402a757dab09.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nNa zadn\u00ed stran\u011b jsou konektory pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed hlavn\u00edho a z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edho vstupu a z\u00e1suvkov\u00e1 skupina pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed IT za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/6e44f4fd995ba6e30a6f1c629c11b9db.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPodrobn\u00e9 specifikace AVR zkontrolujeme p\u0159es webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed. Zde se nastavuje citlivost p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed a zobrazuj\u00ed se logy.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/370a1d72c373d86738fa7676972b2cef.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed AVR.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>Instalace a p\u0159ipojen\u00ed AVR<\/b>. Instalovat AVR ve v\u00fd\u0161ce je lep\u0161\u00ed uprost\u0159ed racku. Pokud p\u0159edem nezn\u00e1me konfiguraci racku, tak za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s jedn\u00edm nap\u00e1jec\u00edm blokem dos\u00e1hne kabely jak z doln\u00ed, tak z horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Ale d\u00e1le jsou tu nuance: hloubka standardn\u00edho racku je mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hloubka AVR. Doporu\u010dujeme jej instalovat co nejbl\u00ed\u017ee ke studen\u00e9 chodb\u011b z dvou d\u016fvod\u016f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>P\u0159\u00edstup k p\u0159edn\u00edmu panelu. Pokud um\u00edst\u00edme AVR bl\u00ed\u017ee k tepl\u00e9 chodb\u011b, uvid\u00edme indikaci, ale nebudeme moci se k n\u011bmu p\u0159ipojit p\u0159es porty. A t\u00edm p\u00e1dem nebudeme moci zkontrolovat logy nebo restartovat za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/77f79924003d1024e9bfb81072d483c1.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/5f8c4092a0f8bff5802ec42abd79839c.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>N\u011bkde tam, v hlubin\u00e1ch, blikal AVR \u2014 k portu u\u017e se ned\u00e1 dostat.<\/i>\n<\/li>\n<li>Chlazen\u00ed. AVR doporu\u010duj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159i teplot\u011b nep\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 45 \u00b0C. P\u0159itom nem\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed ventil\u00e1tory pro chlazen\u00ed, je to prost\u011b kovov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s elektronick\u00fdm obvodem. Udr\u017euj\u00ed po\u017eadovanou teplotu dv\u011bma zp\u016fsoby:\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vzduchov\u00fdmi proudy, kter\u00e9 na n\u011bj foukaj\u00ed zven\u010d\u00ed;\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<li>upevn\u011bn\u00edmi, kter\u00e9 odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00e9 teplo.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPokud um\u00edst\u00edte UPS na stranu hork\u00e9ho koridoru a nav\u00edc jej obsad\u00edte hromadou server\u016f, z\u00edsk\u00e1te kamna. V nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se UPS p\u0159eh\u0159eje a ztrat\u00ed spojen\u00ed s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btem, v hor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b za\u010dne chaoticky p\u0159ep\u00ednat z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e nebo ji zcela odpoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2213c7861d72f2f97ea5f8035556e4b5.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>UPS se pot\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 hork\u00e9mu koridoru.<\/i><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Byl p\u0159\u00edpad. In\u017een\u00fdr na obch\u016fzce sly\u0161el neobvykl\u00e9 cvak\u00e1n\u00ed.<br \/>\nV hlubin\u00e1ch hork\u00e9ho koridoru pod hromadou server\u016f se na\u0161la UPS, kter\u00e1 neust\u00e1le p\u0159ep\u00ednala z hlavn\u00edho zdroje na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>UPS byla vym\u011bn\u011bna. Logy uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee celou t\u00fdden p\u0159ep\u00ednala ka\u017edou sekundu \u2013 celkem v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u016fl milionu p\u0159epnut\u00ed. Takto to vypad\u00e1. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/BtXqXXvHcks\">to bylo<\/a><\/noindex>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Jak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed UPS existuj\u00ed v racku?<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>Vstupn\u00ed ATS pro rack<\/b>. V na\u0161em datov\u00e9m centru takov\u00e1 UPS p\u016fsob\u00ed jako jedin\u00fd zdroj distribuce nap\u00e1jen\u00ed v racku: funguje jako UPS+PDU. Zab\u00edr\u00e1 n\u011bkolik jednotek, sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e 32 A, p\u0159ipojuje se pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdmi konektory a m\u016f\u017ee nap\u00e1jet za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a\u017e do 6 kW. M\u016f\u017eete ji pou\u017e\u00edt, kdy\u017e nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 namontovat standardn\u00ed PDU a jednopanelov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v racku neobsluhuje kritick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1b366a2a7b31d633266ec3e0df0495fe.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Rackov\u00fd STS<\/b>. STS v racku se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed citliv\u00e1 na kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed. Tato UPS p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1 rychleji ne\u017e ATS.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/e45afa3bd64fdd094c2feb591eac45d8.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Tento konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed STS zab\u00edr\u00e1 6 jednotek a m\u00e1 pon\u011bkud \"vintage\" rozhran\u00ed.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><b>Mini-UPS<\/b>. Existuj\u00ed i takov\u00ed drobe\u010dkov\u00e9, ale v na\u0161em datov\u00e9m centru nem\u00e1me \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9. To je mini-UPS pro jeden server.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/ee1b9c7c144ade76b10ab6d1eb6267e1.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Tato UPS se p\u0159ipojuje p\u0159\u00edmo do zdroje serveru.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Jak hled\u00e1me ide\u00e1ln\u00ed UPS<\/h3>\n<p>\nTestujeme mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch UPS a kontrolujeme, jak se chovaj\u00ed za vysok\u00fdch teplot. <\/p>\n<p>Takto mu\u010d\u00edme UPS, abychom to otestovali:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>p\u0159ipojujeme k n\u011bmu registr\u00e1tor kvality s\u00edt\u011b, server a n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed;\n<\/li>\n<li>izolujeme rack z\u00e1tkami nebo f\u00f3li\u00ed, abychom dos\u00e1hli vysok\u00e9 teploty;\n<\/li>\n<li>zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1me na 50 \u00b0C;\n<\/li>\n<li>po\u0159ad\u00ed odpojujeme vstupy po 20 \u010dasech;\n<\/li>\n<li>d\u00edv\u00e1me se, zda do\u0161lo k v\u00fdpadk\u016fm nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, jak si server vede;\n<\/li>\n<li>pokud UPS test obstoj\u00ed \u2014 zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1me na 70 \u00b0C.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/d95341812bc80a0de04bda92cf9a93db.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Foto termokamerou z jednoho z test\u016f.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"AVR a v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno, v\u0161echno: automatick\u00fd p\u0159enos rezervy v datov\u00e9m centru\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/75d75c0727753e1184b95569322268dc.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Analyz\u00e1tor s\u00edt\u011b zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 nap\u011bt\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu. Na z\u00e1znamu vid\u00edme, jak dlouho trvalo p\u0159epnut\u00ed: v tomto okam\u017eiku se sinusovka p\u0159eru\u0161ila.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Mimochodem, bereme UPS na test: ov\u011b\u0159\u00edme va\u0161e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na pevnost a \u0159ekneme v\u00e1m, co se stalo \ud83d\ude09\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4>AVR v racku: skryt\u00e1 hrozba<\/h4>\n<p>\nHlavn\u00ed probl\u00e9m s AVR v racku spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee um\u00ed pouze p\u0159ep\u00ednat z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e z hlavn\u00edho na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed vstup, ale nechr\u00e1n\u00ed proti zkratu nebo p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Pokud dojde ke zkratu v nap\u00e1jec\u00edm bloku, na ochranu zareaguje jisti\u010d na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni: na PDU nebo v rozvad\u011b\u010di. V d\u016fsledku toho se jeden vstup vypne, AVR si to uv\u011bdom\u00ed a p\u0159epne na druh\u00fd vstup. Pokud zkrat st\u00e1le p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1, jisti\u010d druh\u00e9ho vstupu tak\u00e9 zareaguje. Nakonec se kv\u016fli probl\u00e9mu na jednom za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee odpojit cel\u00fd rack.<\/p>\n<p>Tak je\u0161t\u011b jednou opakuji: tis\u00edckr\u00e1t si rozmyslete, ne\u017e nainstalujete AVR do racku a pou\u017eijete za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s jedn\u00edm nap\u00e1jec\u00edm blokem.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dataline\/blog\/492016\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e PDU \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0410\u0412\u0420 \u2014\u00a0 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u0426\u041e\u0414\u0435 \u0410\u0412\u0420 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438: \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445 (\u0413\u0420\u0429) \u0410\u0412\u0420 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":74069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e PDU \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 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