{"id":74286,"date":"2020-03-15T20:42:50","date_gmt":"2020-03-15T17:42:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-v-czode-kak-my-menyali-staruyu-bms-na-novuyu-chast-1"},"modified":"2020-03-15T20:42:50","modified_gmt":"2020-03-15T17:42:50","slug":"monitoring-v-czode-kak-my-menyali-staruyu-bms-na-novuyu-chast-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-v-czode-kak-my-menyali-staruyu-bms-na-novuyu-chast-1","title":{"rendered":"Monitoring v datov\u00e9m centru: jak jsme vym\u011bnili starou BMS za novou. \u010c\u00e1st 1","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Monitoring
\n<\/p>\n

Co je BMS<\/h2>\n

\nSyst\u00e9m monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v datov\u00fdch centrech je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm prvkem infrastruktury, kter\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd ukazatel pro datov\u00e9 centrum, jako je rychlost reakce person\u00e1lu na havarijn\u00ed situace a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem na d\u00e9lku bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9ho provozu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9my monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed BMS (Building Monitoring System) nab\u00edzej\u00ed mnoz\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dodavatel\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro datov\u00e1 centra. B\u011bhem na\u0161\u00ed existenci Linxdatacenter v Rusku jsme m\u011bli p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost se sezn\u00e1mit s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my a setkat se s diametr\u00e1ln\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstupy dodavatel\u016f k provozu t\u011bchto syst\u00e9m\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Vypr\u00e1v\u00edme, jak jsme za posledn\u00ed rok zcela obnovili n\u00e1\u0161 syst\u00e9m BMS a pro\u010d.\u00a0\u00a0
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

J\u00e1dro probl\u00e9mu<\/h2>\n

\nV\u0161e za\u010dalo p\u0159ed 10 lety spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm datov\u00e9ho centra Linxdatacenter v Petrohrad\u011b. Syst\u00e9m BMS, podle standard\u016f pr\u016fmyslu t\u00e9 doby, p\u0159edstavoval fyzick\u00fd server s nainstalovan\u00fdm softwarem, k n\u011bmu\u017e byl p\u0159\u00edstup realizov\u00e1n prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm klientsk\u00e9ho programu (takzvan\u00e9ho \u201etlust\u00e9ho\u201c klienta).\u00a0<\/p>\n

V t\u00e9 dob\u011b na trhu existovalo jen m\u00e1lo spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzely takov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Jejich produkty byly standardem, jedinou odpov\u011bd\u00ed na existuj\u00edc\u00ed popt\u00e1vku. A je t\u0159eba uznat, \u017ee jak tehdy, tak dnes se l\u00edd\u0159i trhu obecn\u011b v\u00fdborn\u011b vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1vaj\u00ed se sv\u00fdm z\u00e1kladn\u00edm \u00fakolem \u2013 dod\u00e1vkou funk\u010dn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro provoz datov\u00fdch center.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Logickou volbou pro n\u00e1s bylo \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed BMS od jednoho z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f. Zvolen\u00fd syst\u00e9m v t\u00e9 dob\u011b spl\u0148oval v\u0161echny po\u017eadavky na monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed komplexn\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9ho objektu, jak\u00fdm je datov\u00e9 centrum.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Jak v\u0161ak \u010das plynul, po\u017eadavky a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f (to jest n\u00e1s, oper\u00e1tor\u016f datov\u00fdch center) od IT \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se zm\u011bnily. A velk\u00e9 dodavatele, jak uk\u00e1zala anal\u00fdza trhu nab\u00edzen\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, na to nebyly p\u0159ipraveny.<\/p>\n

Trh podnikov\u00fdch IT za\u017eil v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd dopad oblasti B2C. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dnes mus\u00ed poskytovat pohodl\u00ed pro koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele \u2013 to je c\u00edl, kter\u00fd si kladou v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i. To je vid\u011bt na zdokonalov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch rozhran\u00ed (UI) a kvality u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u017eitku (UX) mnoha podnikov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u010clov\u011bk si zvyk\u00e1 na pohodl\u00ed ve v\u0161em, co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, a klade stejn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky i na n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro pracovn\u00ed \u00fakoly. Lid\u00e9 o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed od firemn\u00edch aplikac\u00ed stejnou p\u0159ehlednost, intuitivnost, jednoduchost a transparentnost, jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed, p\u0159i objedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed taxi nebo online nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed. IT specialist\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed implementuj\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed sf\u00e9\u0159e, tak\u00e9 tou\u017e\u00ed po v\u0161ech modern\u00edch \u201evychyt\u00e1vk\u00e1ch\u201c: snadn\u00e9m nasazen\u00ed a \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed, odolnosti proti poruch\u00e1m a neomezen\u00fdch mo\u017enostech p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Velk\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dodavatele \u010dasto tyto trendy p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed. Spol\u00e9hat se na sv\u016fj dlouholet\u00fd autoritu v oboru, korporace v pr\u00e1ci se z\u00e1kazn\u00edky b\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u010dasto kategorick\u00e9 a nepru\u017en\u00e9. Iluze vlastn\u00ed nenahraditelnosti jim br\u00e1n\u00ed vid\u011bt, jak doslova p\u0159ed jejich o\u010dima vznikaj\u00ed mlad\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 firmy, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed alternativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u0161it\u00e1 na m\u00edru konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi, a to bez p\u0159eplacen\u00ed za zna\u010dku.<\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhody star\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu BMS\u00a0<\/h2>\n

\nNejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nev\u00fdhodou st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho zastaral\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed BMS pro n\u00e1s byla jeho pomal\u00e1 reakce. Vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkolika ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly spojeny s nedostate\u010dn\u011b rychlou reakc\u00ed person\u00e1lu, n\u00e1m pomohlo pochopit, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti se v syst\u00e9mu BMS objevovaly s velk\u00fdm zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm. Syst\u00e9m p\u0159itom nebyl p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00fd ani nefunk\u010dn\u00ed, prost\u011b verze jeho komponent\u016f (nap\u0159\u00edklad JAVA) byly zastaral\u00e9 a nedok\u00e1zaly spr\u00e1vn\u011b fungovat s nov\u00fdmi verzemi opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f bez aktualizac\u00ed. Tyto aktualizace bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st pouze spolu se syst\u00e9mem BMS, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dodavatel nezaji\u0161\u0165oval automatickou n\u00e1vaznost verz\u00ed, co\u017e znamenalo, \u017ee by pro n\u00e1s tento proces byl prakticky stejn\u011b \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd jako p\u0159echod na nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, a nov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed by si uchovalo \u010d\u00e1st nedostatk\u016f star\u00e9ho.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

P\u0159id\u00e1me sem je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch \u201edrobnost\u00ed\u201c:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Poplatek za p\u0159ipojen\u00ed nov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na principu \u201ejedna IP adresa \u2013 jedna placen\u00e1 licence\u201c;\u00a0\n<\/li>\n
  2. Nemo\u017enost aktualizovat software bez zakoupen\u00ed podp\u016frn\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku (\u010d\u00edm\u017e se m\u00edn\u00ed aktualizace bezplatn\u00fdch komponent a odstran\u011bn\u00ed chyb v samotn\u00e9m programu BMS);\n<\/li>\n
  3. Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na podporu;\u00a0\n<\/li>\n
  4. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed na \"\u017eelezn\u00e9m\" serveru, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee selhat a m\u00e1 omezen\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed zdroje;\n<\/li>\n
  5. \"Z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed\" instalac\u00ed druh\u00e9ho \u017eelezn\u00e9ho serveru s duplicitn\u00edm bal\u00edkem licenc\u00ed. Synchronizace datab\u00e1z\u00ed mezi hlavn\u00edm a z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edm serverem nen\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 ru\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159enos datab\u00e1ze a dlouhou dobu p\u0159echodu na z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed server;\n<\/li>\n
  6. \"Tlust\u00fd\" klient u\u017eivatele, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed dostupn\u00fd extern\u011b, bez roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pro mobiln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a mo\u017enosti vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu;\n<\/li>\n
  7. Omezen\u00e9 webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed bez grafick\u00fdch karet a zvukov\u00fdch ozn\u00e1men\u00ed, dostupn\u00e9 extern\u011b, ale prakticky nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 zam\u011bstnanci kv\u016fli nedostate\u010dnosti informativnosti;\n<\/li>\n
  8. Nedostatek animace v rozhran\u00ed \u2013 ve\u0161ker\u00e1 grafika je pouze z pozad\u00ed a statick\u00fdch ikon. V\u00fdsledkem je celkov\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 p\u0159ehlednosti;\n

    Vypadalo to zhruba takto:<\/p>\n

    \"Monitoring
    \n
    \n\"Monitoring<\/li>\n

  9. Omezen\u00ed p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch senzor\u016f \u2013 dostupn\u00e1 je pouze funkce s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed, zat\u00edmco modely re\u00e1ln\u00fdch senzor\u016f vy\u017eaduj\u00ed mo\u017enost prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed souboru matematick\u00fdch operac\u00ed pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed skute\u010dnosti pr\u00e1ce;\u00a0\n<\/li>\n
  10. Nemo\u017enost z\u00edskat data v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase nebo z archivu pro jak\u00e9koli \u00fa\u010dely (nap\u0159\u00edklad pro zobrazen\u00ed v klientsk\u00e9m port\u00e1lu);\n<\/li>\n
  11. \u00dapln\u00fd nedostatek flexibility a mo\u017enosti n\u011bco zm\u011bnit v BMS podle existuj\u00edc\u00edch proces\u016f datov\u00e9ho centra.\u00a0\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Po\u017eadavky na nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m BMS<\/h2>\n

    \nS ohledem na v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9, na\u0161e hlavn\u00ed po\u017eadavky jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Dva nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b z\u00e1lohovan\u00e9 stroje s automatickou synchronizac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed na dvou r\u016fzn\u00fdch cloudov\u00fdch platform\u00e1ch v r\u016fzn\u00fdch datov\u00fdch centrech (v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b datov\u00e1 centra Linxdatacenter v Petrohrad\u011b a Moskv\u011b);\n<\/li>\n
    2. Bezplatn\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed;\n<\/li>\n
    3. Bezplatn\u00e1 aktualizace softwaru a jeho komponent (s v\u00fdjimkou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed funkcionality);\n<\/li>\n
    4. Otev\u0159en\u00fd zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje samostatn\u011b udr\u017eovat syst\u00e9m v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f na stran\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e;\n<\/li>\n
    5. Mo\u017enost z\u00edsk\u00e1vat a pou\u017e\u00edvat data z BMS, nap\u0159\u00edklad na webu nebo v klientsk\u00e9m port\u00e1lu;\n<\/li>\n
    6. P\u0159\u00edstup p\u0159es WEB prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d bez \"tlust\u00e9ho\" klienta;\n<\/li>\n
    7. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f zam\u011bstnanc\u016f pro p\u0159\u00edstup do BMS;\n<\/li>\n
    8. P\u0159\u00edtomnost animac\u00ed a je\u0161t\u011b mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch men\u0161\u00edch a v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se zhmotnila v podrobn\u00e9m technick\u00e9m zad\u00e1n\u00ed.\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Posledn\u00ed kapka<\/h2>\n

      \n\"Monitoring
      \n
      \nV okam\u017eiku, kdy jsme si uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 datov\u00fd center p\u0159erostl svou BMS, nejlogi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m p\u0159i\u0161lo na mysl, byla aktualizace st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. 'Kon\u011b na horsk\u00e9m p\u0159echodu se nem\u011bn\u00ed', \u017ee?\u00a0<\/p>\n

      Av\u0161ak velk\u00e9 korporace obvykle nenab\u00edzej\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravy sv\u00fdch desetilet\u00ed 'le\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch' \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, prod\u00e1van\u00fdch ve stovk\u00e1ch zem\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco mlad\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti testuj\u00ed n\u00e1pady nebo prototypy budouc\u00edch produkt\u016f na potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1kazn\u00edc\u00edch a vych\u00e1zej\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji produktu z u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch recenz\u00ed, korporace i nad\u00e1le prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed licence na kdysi opravdu skv\u011bl\u00e9, ale bohu\u017eel dnes zastaral\u00e9 a nepru\u017en\u00e9 produkty.<\/p>\n

      A na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei jsme poc\u00edtili rozd\u00edl v p\u0159\u00edstupu. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu korespondence s v\u00fdrobcem star\u00e9 BMS bylo velmi rychle jasn\u00e9, \u017ee navrhovan\u00e1 aktualizace st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho syst\u00e9mu se pro n\u00e1s v podstat\u011b prom\u011bn\u00ed v koupi nov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu s poloautomatick\u00fdm p\u0159evodem datab\u00e1ze, vysok\u00fdmi n\u00e1klady a h\u00e1\u010dky p\u0159i p\u0159evodu, kter\u00e9 nedok\u00e1zal p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt ani samotn\u00fd v\u00fdrobce. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vzrostly n\u00e1klady na technickou podporu aktualizovan\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a z\u016fstala nutnost nakupovat licence p\u0159i expanze.<\/p>\n

      A nejhor\u0161\u00ed bylo, \u017ee nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m nemohl zcela splnit na\u0161e po\u017eadavky na z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed. Aktualizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m BMS mohl b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1n, jak jsme cht\u011bli, na cloudov\u00e9 platform\u011b, co\u017e by n\u00e1m umo\u017enilo vzd\u00e1t se '\u017eeleza', ale mo\u017enost z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed nebyla v cen\u011b. Pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed dat bychom museli koupit druhou virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed server<\/a> BMS a dal\u0161\u00ed sadu licenc\u00ed. P\u0159i cen\u011b jedn\u00e9 licence kolem 76 $ a po\u010dtu IP adress<\/a> 1000 kus\u016f \u010din\u00ed 76 000 $ dodate\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f pouze na licence pro z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed stroj.\u00a0<\/p>\n

      \"T\u0159e\u0161ni\u010dkou\" v nov\u00e9 verzi BMS se stala pot\u0159eba n\u00e1kupu dal\u0161\u00edch licenc\u00ed \"pro v\u0161echna za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed\" \u2013 dokonce pro hlavn\u00ed server. Je t\u0159eba vysv\u011btlit, \u017ee existuj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00e1 k BMS p\u0159es br\u00e1ny. Br\u00e1na m\u00e1 jednu IP adresu, ale ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 n\u011bkolik za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b 10). Ve star\u00e9 BMS byla na to pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 jedna licence za IP adresu br\u00e1ny, statistika vypadala p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b takto: \"IP adresy \/ licence 1000, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed 1200\". Aktualizovan\u00e1 BMS fungovala na jin\u00e9m principu a statistika by vypadala takto: \"IP adresy 1000, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \/ licence 1200\". To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee dodavatel ve nov\u00e9 verzi zm\u011bnil princip p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed licenc\u00ed a my jsme museli zakoupit p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch 200 licenc\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

      Rozpo\u010det na \"aktualizaci\" se nakonec skl\u00e1dal ze \u010dty\u0159 bod\u016f:\u00a0<\/p>\n