{"id":74341,"date":"2020-03-16T20:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-03-16T17:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-redox-os-predstavil-paketnyj-menedzher-pkgar-napisannyj-na-yazyke-rust"},"modified":"2020-03-16T20:42:18","modified_gmt":"2020-03-16T17:42:18","slug":"proekt-redox-os-predstavil-paketnyj-menedzher-pkgar-napisannyj-na-yazyke-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/proekt-redox-os-predstavil-paketnyj-menedzher-pkgar-napisannyj-na-yazyke-rust","title":{"rendered":"Projekt Redox OS p\u0159edstavil bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00fd spr\u00e1vce pkgar, napsan\u00fd v jazyce Rust","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.redox-os.org\/\">Redox<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51956\">napsan\u00e9ho<\/a><\/noindex> s vyu\u017eit\u00edm jazyka Rust a konceptu mikroj\u00e1dra, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.redox-os.org\/news\/pkgar-introduction\/\">p\u0159edstavili<\/a><\/noindex> nov\u00fd bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00fd mana\u017eer <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/redox-os\/pkgar\">pkgar<\/a><\/noindex>. V r\u00e1mci projektu se vyv\u00edj\u00ed nov\u00fd form\u00e1t bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, knihovna s funkcemi pro spr\u00e1vu bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a n\u00e1stroj p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1dku pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a extrakci kryptograficky ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 kolekce soubor\u016f. K\u00f3d pkgar je naps\u00e1n v jazyce Rust a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/redox-os\/pkgar\">distribuov\u00e1no<\/a><\/noindex> je licencov\u00e1n pod MIT licenc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Form\u00e1t pkgar si neklade za c\u00edl univerz\u00e1lnost a je optimalizov\u00e1n s ohledem na specifika opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Redox OS. Bal\u00ed\u010dkov\u00fd mana\u017eer podporuje ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zdroje pomoc\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edho podpisu a kontrolu integrity. Kontroln\u00ed sou\u010dty se po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed hash funkce <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52173\">blake3<\/a><\/noindex>. Funkce souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm pkgar m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dostupn\u00e1 bez skute\u010dn\u00e9ho ulo\u017een\u00ed archivu bal\u00ed\u010dku, manipulac\u00ed pouze s hlavi\u010dkovou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b bal\u00ed\u010dek tvo\u0159\u00ed hlavi\u010dkov\u00fd soubor (.pkgar_head) a soubor s daty (.pkgar_data). Spr\u00e1vn\u011b podepsan\u00fd kompletn\u00ed shrnuj\u00edc\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek (.pkgar) lze z\u00edskat jednoduch\u00fdm p\u0159ipojen\u00edm hlavi\u010dkov\u00e9ho souboru k souboru s daty (\u201acat example.pkgar_head example.pkgar_data &gt; example.pkgar\u2018). <\/p>\n<p>Hlavi\u010dkov\u00fd soubor obsahuje jednotliv\u00e9 kontroln\u00ed sou\u010dty pro hlavi\u010dku a struktury s parametry ze souboru s daty, stejn\u011b jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dku. Soubor s daty zahrnuje sekven\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fd\u010det v\u0161ech soubor\u016f a adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f dod\u00e1van\u00fdch v bal\u00ed\u010dku. P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm datov\u00fdm prvkem je uvedena struktura s metadaty, kter\u00e1 zahrnuj\u00ed kontroln\u00ed sou\u010det pro samotn\u00e1 data, velikost, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, relativn\u00ed cestu k instalovan\u00e9mu souboru a posunut\u00ed parametr\u016f n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho datov\u00e9ho prvku. Pokud se vybran\u00e9 soubory b\u011bhem aktualizace nezm\u011bnily a kontroln\u00ed sou\u010det se shoduje, jsou p\u0159esko\u010deny a nebudou na\u010dteny.<\/p>\n<p>Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed integrity zdroje lze prov\u00e9st pouze z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00edm hlavi\u010dkov\u00e9ho souboru, a spr\u00e1vnost vybran\u00e9ho souboru s daty lze ov\u011b\u0159it sta\u017een\u00edm pouze struktury s parametry tohoto souboru a ov\u011b\u0159en\u00edm jejich shody s kontroln\u00edm sou\u010dtem, kter\u00fd byl ov\u011b\u0159en v hlavi\u010dkov\u00e9m souboru. Samotn\u00e1 data lze ov\u011b\u0159it po jejich sta\u017een\u00ed pomoc\u00ed kontroln\u00edho sou\u010dtu ze struktury s parametry, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed dat\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Bal\u00ed\u010dky p\u016fvodn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed mo\u017enost opakovan\u00e9 sestavy, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vytvo\u0159en\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dku pro ur\u010dit\u00e9 katalogy v\u017edy vede k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed identick\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku. Po instalaci v syst\u00e9mu se uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed pouze metadata, kter\u00e1 jsou dostate\u010dn\u00e1 pro rekonstrukci bal\u00ed\u010dku z nainstalovan\u00fdch dat (sestava bal\u00ed\u010dku, kontroln\u00ed sou\u010dty, cesty a p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va jsou obsa\u017eena v metadatech).<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed c\u00edle pkgar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Atomickost \u2014 aktualizace se pou\u017eij\u00ed, pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, automaticky.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00daspora dat \u2014 data se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed po s\u00edti pouze p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u011b hash (p\u0159i aktualizaci se stahuj\u00ed pouze zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9 soubory).\n<li class=\"l\"> Vysok\u00fd v\u00fdkon, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se rychl\u00e9 kryptografick\u00e9 algoritmy (blake3 podporuje paraleln\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtu hash). Pokud data z repozit\u00e1\u0159e nebyla p\u0159edt\u00edm mezipam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1na, hash pro stahovan\u00e1 data m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vypo\u010dten b\u011bhem stahov\u00e1n\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Minimalismus \u2014 na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch form\u00e1t\u016f pkgar zahrnuje pouze metadata nezbytn\u00e1 pro extrakci bal\u00ed\u010dku.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nez\u00e1vislost na instala\u010dn\u00edm adres\u00e1\u0159i \u2014 bal\u00ed\u010dek m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nainstalov\u00e1n do libovoln\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00fdmkoli u\u017eivatelem (u\u017eivatel mus\u00ed m\u00edt pr\u00e1vo na z\u00e1pis do vybran\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e).\n<li class=\"l\"> Bezpe\u010dnost \u2014 bal\u00ed\u010dky jsou v\u017edy kryptograficky ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 p\u0159ed skute\u010dn\u00fdch operacemi s bal\u00ed\u010dkem (nejprve se st\u00e1hne hlavi\u010dka a pokud je digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis spr\u00e1vn\u00fd, data se st\u00e1hnou do do\u010dasn\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00e1 se po ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159esunou do c\u00edlov\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e).\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52546\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Redox, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 Rust \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 pkgar. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u043e\u0434 pkgar \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 MIT. \u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 pkgar \u043d\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Redox,\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/proekt-redox-os-predstavil-paketnyj-menedzher-pkgar-napisannyj-na-yazyke-rust\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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