{"id":74853,"date":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra"},"modified":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","modified_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","slug":"linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","title":{"rendered":"Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 co o\u010dek\u00e1vat od nov\u00e9 verze j\u00e1dra","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Linux kernelu 5.6 je pl\u00e1nov\u00e1no na konce b\u0159ezna. V na\u0161em dne\u0161n\u00edm materi\u00e1lu diskutujeme o nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch \u2014 nov\u00e9m souborov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, protokolu WireGuard a aktualizac\u00edch ovlada\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"Linux<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto \u2014 lucas huffman<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd VPN protokol<\/h2>\n

\nDavid Miller, zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd subsyst\u00e9m Linux, se rozhodl povolit<\/a><\/noindex> za\u0159adit do j\u00e1dra WireGuard. To je VPN tunel vyvinut\u00fd ve spole\u010dnosti Edge Security. My\u0161lenka diskutovali<\/a><\/noindex> se objevila u\u017e p\u0159ed dv\u011bma lety \u2014 tehdy ji podpo\u0159il<\/a><\/noindex> s\u00e1m Linus Torvalds \u2014 nicm\u00e9n\u011b realizace byla odlo\u017eena. Projekt byl siln\u011b v\u00e1z\u00e1n na kryptografick\u00e9 funkce Edge Security. Ale p\u0159ed \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edci auto\u0159i nov\u00e9ho protokolu dosp\u011bli k dohod\u011b a p\u0159e\u0161li<\/a><\/noindex> na podporovan\u00e9 j\u00e1drem Crypto API.<\/p>\n

Existuje n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/noindex>, co\u017e v budoucnu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k tomu, \u017ee WireGuard nahrad\u00ed OpenVPN. Podle test\u016f<\/a><\/noindex>, propustnost nov\u00e9ho protokolu je \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u OpenVPN: 1011 Mbit\/s oproti 258 Mbit\/s. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee p\u0159echod na standardn\u00ed Crypto API m\u016f\u017ee zhor\u0161it v\u00fdkon.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nDal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou WireGuard je, \u017ee nep\u0159eru\u0161uje spojen\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex>, i kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel z\u00edsk\u00e1 novou IP adresu, a s\u00e1m \u0159e\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely je ka\u017ed\u00e9mu s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9mu rozhran\u00ed p\u0159i\u0159azen priv\u00e1tn\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d. Ten se generuje pomoc\u00ed protokolu Diffie-Hellman<\/a><\/noindex>. Samotn\u00e9 \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed je postaveno<\/a><\/noindex> je zalo\u017eeno na ChaCha20 a algoritmu Poly1305<\/a><\/noindex>. Tyto algoritmy jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za vylep\u0161en\u00e9 ekvivalenty AES-256-CTR a HMAC<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/h2>\n

\nTento syst\u00e9m se stala<\/a><\/noindex> Zonefs, p\u0159edstaven\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdry spole\u010dnosti Western Digital. Je navr\u017een pro pr\u00e1ci se z\u00f3novan\u00fdmi ulo\u017ei\u0161ti (zoned storage<\/a><\/noindex>). Jedn\u00e1 se o blokov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, jeho\u017e adresn\u00ed prostor je rozd\u011blen na z\u00f3ny (nap\u0159\u00edklad NVMe SSD). Souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m umo\u017e\u0148uje zpracov\u00e1vat ka\u017edou z\u00f3nu jako soubor \u2014 tedy pou\u017e\u00edvat speci\u00e1ln\u00ed API nam\u00edsto ioctl<\/a><\/noindex> pro p\u0159\u00edstup k SCSI. Podobn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v datab\u00e1z\u00edch RocksDB a LevelDB. To umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady na portov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du, p\u016fvodn\u011b optimalizovan\u00e9ho pro pr\u00e1ci se soubory.<\/p>\n

V Linuxu ji\u017e existuje funkce pro interakci s blokov\u00fdmi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi. V j\u00e1dru verze 4.13 vznikl<\/a><\/noindex> modul dm-zoned. P\u0159edstavuje z\u00f3novan\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b jako b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 blokov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, zat\u00edmco Zonefs se stane alternativou.<\/p>\n

\"Linux
\nFoto \u2014 Suzan Kir\u0161i\u0107<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9ho souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i Linux kernelu provedli zm\u011bny v existuj\u00edc\u00edch. Byly byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny<\/a><\/noindex> mechanismy komprese LZO<\/a><\/noindex>\/LZ4<\/a><\/noindex> pro F2FS \u2013 podpora z\u016fstane zat\u00edm experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed. Bude t\u0159eba ji povolit ru\u010dn\u011b p\u0159i p\u0159ipojov\u00e1n\u00ed odd\u00edlu (mo\u017enost compress_algorithm<\/i>). Tak\u00e9 upgrade z\u00edsk\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> EXT4 \u2013 je spojen s operacemi p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu. Bal\u00ed\u010dek aktualizac\u00ed p\u0159edstavil in\u017een\u00fdr z IBM Ritesh Harjan (Ritesh Harjan). Podle jeho slov<\/a><\/noindex>, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee patch zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u00fdkon souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a\u017e o 140%.<\/p>\n

Aktualizace ovlada\u010d\u016f<\/h2>\n

\nV j\u00e1d\u0159e se objev\u00ed nov\u00fd ovlada\u010d cpuidle_cooling<\/i>. Jeho \u00fakol<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 pro chlazen\u00ed CPU\/SoC, vkl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed ne\u010dinn\u00e9 cykly b\u011bhem provozu. V jist\u00e9m smyslu je podobn\u00fd ovlada\u010di PowerClamp pro procesory Intel, ale nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1n na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed architekturu. Syst\u00e9m vydal<\/a><\/noindex> specialist\u00e9 z Linaro, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed optimalizac\u00ed softwaru s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem pro platformy ARM.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1na<\/a><\/noindex> podpora grafick\u00fdch karet s\u00e9rie GeForce 20 (TU10x). P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd ovlada\u010d vyvinul Ben Skeggs (Ben Skeggs) z projektu Nouveau. Bohu\u017eel GeForce 16 (TU11x) z\u016fstanou zat\u00edm \"mimo hru\". Nvidia neposkytla obrazy firmwaru pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k inicializaci karty. Tak\u00e9 u nov\u00fdch grafick\u00fdch karet pod Linuxem mohou nastat probl\u00e9my s v\u00fdkonem kv\u016fli absenci p\u0159etaktov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 automatick\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed frekvence. V minulosti byla zji\u0161t\u011bna skute\u010dnost, \u017ee ovlada\u010de Nouveau mohou fungovat<\/a><\/noindex> o 20\u201330% pomaleji ne\u017e origin\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Linux
\nFoto \u2014 Andrew Abbate<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 j\u00e1dro bude podporovat<\/a><\/noindex> USB4. P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 zm\u011bny navrhli<\/a><\/noindex> in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i z Intelu. Modifikovali st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1klad k\u00f3du spojenou s Thunderbolt \u2013 to je asi dv\u011b tis\u00edce \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, to nejsou v\u0161echny aktualizace, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ijdou do j\u00e1dra \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat<\/a><\/noindex> podporu dal\u0161\u00ed periferie a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 kernel 5.6 se stane prvn\u00edm 32bitov\u00fdm j\u00e1drem, kde bude vy\u0159e\u0161ena<\/a><\/noindex> probl\u00e9m roku 2038.<\/a><\/noindex>Na konci ledna in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i provedli<\/a><\/noindex> kone\u010dn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v nfsd, xfs, alsa a v4l2. Doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee za osmn\u00e1ct zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch let u\u017eivatel\u00e9 a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i distribuc\u00ed stihnou p\u0159ej\u00edt na kernel 5.6 (nebo jeho dal\u0161\u00ed verze).<\/p>\n

Materi\u00e1ly k t\u00e9matu z firemn\u00edho blogu 1cloud.ru:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Linux V\u011bt\u0161ina superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f b\u011b\u017e\u00ed na Linuxu \u2013 diskutujeme o situaci<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Jak zabezpe\u010dit Linuxov\u00fd syst\u00e9m: 10 tip\u016f<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

O \u010dem p\u00ed\u0161eme na Habr\u00e9:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Linux Analyzujeme doporu\u010den\u00ed k ochran\u011b osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f a kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti \u2013 na co si d\u00e1t pozor<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Poprv\u00e9 byl foton teleportov\u00e1n z jednoho \u010dipu na druh\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Jak IT sektor pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sv\u011btu vyhazovat m\u00e9n\u011b j\u00eddla<\/a><\/noindex><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Zdroj: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 Linux kernel 5.6 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b WireGuard \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u2014 lucas huffman \u2014 Unsplash \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 VPN-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 (David Miller), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Linux, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 WireGuard. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u2014 VPN-\u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0418\u0411-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Edge Security. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":74854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47J\u00e1dro Linux 5.6 \u2014 co o\u010dek\u00e1vat v nov\u00e9 verzi j\u00e1dra | ProHoster","description":"Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00e1dra Linux 5.6 je napl\u00e1nov\u00e1no na konec 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