{"id":79546,"date":"2020-04-28T07:42:04","date_gmt":"2020-04-28T05:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/moj-opyt-i-sovety-po-sdache-ekzamena-certified-kubernetes-application-developer-ckad"},"modified":"2020-04-28T07:42:04","modified_gmt":"2020-04-28T05:42:04","slug":"moj-opyt-i-sovety-po-sdache-ekzamena-certified-kubernetes-application-developer-ckad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/moj-opyt-i-sovety-po-sdache-ekzamena-certified-kubernetes-application-developer-ckad","title":{"rendered":"Moje zku\u0161enosti a rady k vykon\u00e1n\u00ed zkou\u0161ky Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Moje zku\u0161enosti a rady k vykon\u00e1n\u00ed zkou\u0161ky Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD)\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/f13cb68bc221b3208ed0af093706df03.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/>Ned\u00e1vno jsem \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b slo\u017eil zkou\u0161ku Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) a z\u00edskal certifik\u00e1t. Dnes se chci pod\u011blit o samotn\u00fd proces certifikace a o tom, jak jsem se na n\u011bj p\u0159ipravoval. Pro m\u011b to byla zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 zku\u0161enost, zkou\u0161ka prob\u00edhala online pod pe\u010dliv\u00fdm dohledem zkou\u0161ej\u00edc\u00edho. Nebude zde \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 cenn\u00e1 technick\u00e1 informace, \u010dl\u00e1nek m\u00e1 \u010dist\u011b narativn\u00ed charakter. Tak\u00e9 jsem nem\u011bl velk\u00e9 znalosti o Kubernetes a p\u0159ipravoval jsem se s\u00e1m ve sv\u00e9m voln\u00e9m \u010dase.<\/p>\n<p>Jsem v oblasti webov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje je\u0161t\u011b relativn\u011b mlad\u00fd, ale okam\u017eit\u011b jsem pochopil, \u017ee bez alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch znalost\u00ed Dockeru a K8s daleko nedojdu. Absolvov\u00e1n\u00ed kurzu a p\u0159\u00edprava na takovou zkou\u0161ku mi p\u0159i\u0161ly jako dobr\u00fd vstup do sv\u011bta kontejner\u016f a jejich orchestrace.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud st\u00e1le v\u00e1h\u00e1te, \u017ee Kubernetes je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slo\u017eit\u00e9 a nen\u00ed to pro v\u00e1s, pros\u00edm, pokra\u010dujte d\u00e1le.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Co to je?<\/h3>\n<p>\nExistuj\u00ed dva typy certifikace Kubernetes od Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) \u2013 ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed schopnosti navrhovat, vytv\u00e1\u0159et, konfigurovat a publikovat cloud native aplikace pro Kubernetes. Zkou\u0161ka trv\u00e1 2 hodiny, obsahuje 19 \u00fakol\u016f, minim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost je 66 %. Vy\u017eaduje se pom\u011brn\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed znalost hlavn\u00edch prvk\u016f. Cena $300.<\/li>\n<li>Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) \u2013 ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed dovednost\u00ed, znalost\u00ed a kompetenc\u00ed pro pln\u011bn\u00ed povinnost\u00ed administr\u00e1tor\u016f Kubernetes. Zkou\u0161ka trv\u00e1 3 hodiny, obsahuje 24 \u00fakol\u016f, minim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost je 74 %. Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00edch znalost\u00ed o budov\u00e1n\u00ed a nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f. Cena je tak\u00e9 $300.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nProgramy certifikace CKAD a CKA byly vyvinuty fondem Cloud Native Computing Foundation s c\u00edlem roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it ekosyst\u00e9m Kubernetes prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm standardizovan\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a certifikace. Tento fond byl zalo\u017een Googlem ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Linux Foundation, kter\u00e9mu byl Kubernetes kdysi p\u0159ed\u00e1n jako po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed technologick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek a kter\u00fd podporuj\u00ed takov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti jako Microsoft, Apple, Facebook, Cisco, Intel, Red Hat a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch (c) Wiki. <\/p>\n<p><i>Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, jsou to zkou\u0161ky od \u201ehlavn\u00ed organizace\u201c pro Kubernetes. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuj\u00ed certifikace i od jin\u00fdch firem.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d?<\/h3>\n<p>\nTohle je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejkontroverzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bod cel\u00e9 t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti. Nechci rozv\u00edjet debatu o tom, zda jsou certifik\u00e1ty pot\u0159ebn\u00e9, chci jen v\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee existence takov\u00e9ho certifik\u00e1tu pozitivn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed mou cenu na trhu pr\u00e1ce. V\u0161echno je subjektivn\u00ed \u2014 nikdy nev\u00edte, co konkr\u00e9tn\u011b bude rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem p\u0159i p\u0159ijet\u00ed v\u00e1s do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><i>PS: Moment\u00e1ln\u011b nehled\u00e1m pr\u00e1ci, jsem spokojen\u2026 snad jen s relokac\u00ed n\u011bkam do USA.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159\u00edprava<\/h3>\n<p>\nV testu CKAD je 19 ot\u00e1zek, kter\u00e9 jsou rozd\u011bleny podle t\u00e9mat n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>13% \u2013 Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pojmy <\/li>\n<li>18% \u2013 Konfigurace<\/li>\n<li>10% \u2013 V\u00edce kontejnerov\u00e9 pody<\/li>\n<li>18% \u2013 Pozorovatelnost<\/li>\n<li>20% \u2013 N\u00e1vrh pod\u016f<\/li>\n<li>13% \u2013 Slu\u017eby a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/li>\n<li>8% \u2013 Trval\u00e1 ulo\u017een\u00e1 Data<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nNa platform\u011b Udemy je skv\u011bl\u00fd kurz od jednoho Inda jm\u00e9nem Mumshad Mannambeth (odkaz bude na konci \u010dl\u00e1nku). Opravdu velmi kvalitn\u00ed materi\u00e1l za mal\u00fd poplatek. Je skv\u011bl\u00e9, \u017ee b\u011bhem kurzu m\u00e1te mo\u017enost vykon\u00e1vat praktick\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed v testovac\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, tak\u017ee si osvoj\u00edte dovednost pr\u00e1ce v konzoli.<\/p>\n<p>Cel\u00fd kurz jsem pro\u0161el a v\u0161echny praktick\u00e9 \u00fakoly jsem si vyzkou\u0161el (samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jsem si ob\u010das pomohl kouknout na odpov\u011bdi), a t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed zkou\u0161kou jsem si znovu prohl\u00e9dl v\u0161echny p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 rychlosti a znovu jsem pro\u0161el dv\u011b posledn\u00ed zku\u0161ebn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky (mock exams). Zabralo mi to asi m\u011bs\u00edc v klidn\u00e9m tempu. Tento materi\u00e1l mi sta\u010dil na to, abych se s jistotou dostal na zkou\u0161ku s v\u00fdsledkem 91 %. U jedn\u00e9 \u00falohy jsem se n\u011bkde zm\u00fdlil (NodePort nefungoval) a p\u00e1r minut mi chyb\u011blo, abych dokon\u010dil dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fakol se zapojen\u00edm ConfigMap ze souboru, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jsem \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed znal.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 zkou\u0161ka<\/h3>\n<p>\nZkou\u0161ka prob\u00edh\u00e1 v prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010di, s zapnutou webovou kamerou a sd\u00edlenou obrazovkou. Pravidla zkou\u0161ky vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby v m\u00edstnosti nebyli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed ciz\u00ed lid\u00e9. Slo\u017eil jsem zkou\u0161ku, kdy\u017e u\u017e v zemi byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena samoizolace, tak\u017ee jsem pot\u0159eboval naj\u00edt klidn\u00fd \u010das, aby do m\u00edstnosti nevstoupila \u017eena nebo ne\u0159val d\u00edt\u011b. Vybral jsem si hlubokou noc, na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 zvolit \u010das podle libosti.<\/p>\n<p>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku zkou\u0161ky vy\u017eaduje zkou\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed, abyste uk\u00e1zali v\u00e1\u0161 Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed doklad toto\u017enosti s fotografi\u00ed a jm\u00e9nem (v latince) \u2014 m\u011bl jsem to b\u00fdt cestovn\u00ed pas, a oto\u010dit webovou kameru na pracovn\u00ed st\u016fl a m\u00edstnost, aby se ujistil, \u017ee nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ciz\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty.<\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem zkou\u0161ky je povoleno m\u00edt otev\u0159enou dal\u0161\u00ed kartu prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de s jedn\u00edm z zdroj\u016f:<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/\">https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/<\/a><\/noindex>\u200b, \u200b<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/\">https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/<\/a><\/noindex>\u200b nebo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/blog\/\">https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/blog\/<\/a><\/noindex>\u200b. M\u011bla jsem to dokumentaci, ta mi bohat\u011b sta\u010dila.<\/p>\n<p>V hlavn\u00edm okn\u011b, krom\u011b textu \u00faloh, termin\u00e1lu a chatu s examin\u00e1torem, je k dispozici tak\u00e9 okno pro pozn\u00e1mky, kam si m\u016f\u017eete zkop\u00edrovat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 jm\u00e9na nebo p\u0159\u00edkazy -- p\u00e1rkr\u00e1t se to hodilo.<\/p>\n<h3>Tipy<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edvejte aliasy, abyste u\u0161et\u0159ili \u010das. Tady je to, co jsem pou\u017e\u00edvala:\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">export ns=default # prom\u011bnn\u00e1 pro namespace\nalias ku='kubectl' # zkr\u00e1t\u00edme hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\nalias kun='ku -n=$ns' # kubectl + namespace\nalias kudr='kun --dry-run -o=yaml' # velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 flagy pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed yaml popisu objektu<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Zapamatujte si kombinace flag\u016f pro p\u0159\u00edkaz <b>run<\/b>, abyste rychle generovali yaml pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 objekty -- pod\/deploy\/job\/cronjob (ale nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 si je pamatovat, m\u016f\u017eete se pod\u00edvat na pomoc s flagem <b>-h<\/b>):\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">kudr run pod1 --image=nginx --restart=Never &gt; pod1.yaml\nkudr run deploy1 --image=nginx &gt; deploy1.yaml\nkudr run job1 --image=nginx --restart=OnFailure &gt; job1.yaml\nkudr run cronjob1 --image=nginx --restart=OnFailure --schedule=\"*\/1 * * * * \" &gt; cronjob1.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edvejte zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy zdroj\u016f:\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">ku get ns # m\u00edsto namespaces\nku get deploy # m\u00edsto deployments\nku get pv # m\u00edsto persistentvolumes\nku get pvc # m\u00edsto persistentvolumeclaims\nku get svc # m\u00edsto services\n# atd., \u00fapln\u00fd seznam si m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00e9dnout podle p\u0159\u00edkazu: \nkubectl api-resources<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b si rozd\u011blte \u010das na spln\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech \u00faloh, nez\u016fst\u00e1vejte u n\u011b\u010deho jednoho, p\u0159eskakujte ot\u00e1zky a jd\u011bte d\u00e1l. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku jsem si myslela, \u017ee \u00fakoly pln\u00edm velmi rychle a zkou\u0161ku dokon\u010d\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve, ale nakonec jsem nedokon\u010dila dva \u00fakoly. Ve skute\u010dnosti je \u010das na zkou\u0161ku velmi napjat\u00fd a cel\u00fdch 2 hodiny ub\u00edhaj\u00ed v nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Nezapom\u00ednejte m\u011bnit kontext -- na za\u010d\u00e1tku ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u00fakolu je zad\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edkaz pro p\u0159epnut\u00ed, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 pracovat v spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m clusteru. <br \/>\nTak\u00e9 sledujte namespace. K tomu jsem pou\u017eila dal\u0161\u00ed hack:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">alias kun='echo namespace=$ns &amp;&amp; ku -n=$ns' # p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edkazu mi prvn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dek vypsal aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed namespace<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Nesp\u011bchejte s platbou certifikace, po\u010dkejte na slevy. Autor kurzu \u010dasto pos\u00edl\u00e1 na email promo k\u00f3dy s slevami 20-30%<\/li>\n<li>Nau\u010dte se kone\u010dn\u011b vim \ud83d\ude42<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Odkazy:<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cncf.io\/certification\/ckad\/\">www.cncf.io\/certification\/ckad<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 vlastn\u011b samotn\u00e1 str\u00e1nka certifikace<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.udemy.com\/course\/certified-kubernetes-application-developer\/\">www.udemy.com\/course\/certified-kubernetes-application-developer<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 velmi dobr\u00fd kurz pro p\u0159\u00edpravu, v\u0161echno je jasn\u00e9 a s ilustracemi<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/lucassha\/CKAD-resources\">github.com\/lucassha\/CKAD-resources<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 odkazy a pozn\u00e1mky k zkou\u0161ce<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/flant\/blog\/425683\/\">habr.com\/ru\/company\/flant\/blog\/425683<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh od koleg\u016f z Habr o slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zkou\u0161ce CKA<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/499182\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044f \u043a \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0441\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0422\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u0443\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0443 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":79547,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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