{"id":81072,"date":"2020-05-10T19:42:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-10T17:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/razrabotchiki-steka-shriftov-linux-otkazalis-ot-podderzhki-myagkogo-sglazhivaniya"},"modified":"2020-05-10T19:42:00","modified_gmt":"2020-05-10T17:42:00","slug":"razrabotchiki-steka-shriftov-linux-otkazalis-ot-podderzhki-myagkogo-sglazhivaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/razrabotchiki-steka-shriftov-linux-otkazalis-ot-podderzhki-myagkogo-sglazhivaniya","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i fontov\u00e9ho stacku Linux se rozhodli ukon\u010dit podporu m\u011bkk\u00e9ho vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed metodu hintov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ehintfull\u201c, si mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u0161imli, \u017ee p\u0159i p\u0159echodu z verze Pango 1.43 na 1.44 kerning<\/a><\/noindex> n\u011bkter\u00fdch rodin p\u00edsem se zhor\u0161il<\/a><\/noindex> nebo \u00fapln\u011b<\/a><\/noindex> se rozbil<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m je zp\u016fsoben t\u00edm, \u017ee knihovna Pango<\/a><\/noindex> p\u0159e\u0161la od pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed FreeType<\/a><\/noindex> pro z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o kerningu (vzd\u00e1lenosti mezi glify) p\u00edsem k HarfBuzz<\/a><\/noindex>, a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i posledn\u011b uveden\u00e9ho se rozhodli nepodporovat<\/a><\/noindex> vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edsem podle metody \u201ehintfull\u201c. Bylo pozorov\u00e1no, \u017ee na obrazovk\u00e1ch s vysokou hustotou pixel\u016f (Hi-DPI) probl\u00e9my s vykreslov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u00edsem p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed metod hintov\u00e1n\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00fdch od \u201ehintfull\u201c nenast\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Odpov\u011b\u010f<\/a><\/noindex> v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 HarfBuzz (Behdad Esfahbod) z odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed diskuze o probl\u00e9mu:<\/p>\n

\n

Sna\u017eil jsem se pou\u017e\u00edvat styly hintingu odli\u0161n\u00e9 od hintfull, ale pouze on poskytuje zobrazen\u00ed p\u00edsem bl\u00edzk\u00e9 ClearType v2 ve Windows 7, co\u017e podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru m\u00e1 nejlep\u0161\u00ed renderov\u00e1n\u00ed ze v\u0161ech existuj\u00edc\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/i><\/p>\n

To je pravda. Proto jsme se rozhodli ho ji\u017e d\u00e1le nepodporovat. M\u016f\u017eete se pokusit p\u0159izp\u016fsobit \u201emlhav\u00e9mu\u201c vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo se pokusit naj\u00edt n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te p\u0159ece Open Source, rozum\u00edte?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Dodatek na z\u00e1klad\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed diskuse: <\/p>\n

V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 vysv\u011btlil<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee OSS poskytuje mo\u017enost volby a ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou spokojeni se sou\u010dasn\u00fdm stavem, mohou vytvo\u0159it fork Pango. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i HarfBuzz v\u0161ak nemohou ovlivnit jeho \u00fadr\u017ebu a rozhodnut\u00ed v n\u011bm p\u0159ijat\u00e1. Behdad Esfahbod, sou\u010dasn\u00fd udr\u017eovatel HarfBuzz, kter\u00fd se um\u00edstil na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b v po\u010dtu commit\u016f v obou<\/a><\/noindex>
\nprojektech<\/a><\/noindex>, uvedl, \u017ee ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 let nen\u00ed spojen s Red Hat a nen\u00ed udr\u017eovatelem Pango. Od roku 2010 p\u0159e\u0161el do Google a nyn\u00ed se tam v\u011bnuje pouze HarfBuzz, kter\u00fd byl d\u0159\u00edve jeho osobn\u00edm projektem. HarfBuzz nekontroluje<\/a><\/noindex> proces vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed a Pango m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159episovat po\u017eadovan\u00e9 re\u017eimy hintingu na sv\u00e9 stran\u011b. <\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 HarfBuzz zd\u016fraznil<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee probl\u00e9m je na stran\u011b Pango, proto\u017ee HarfBuzz nen\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edsem a podle sv\u00e9 architektury nepodporuje hinting. Pokud Pango pot\u0159ebuje zachov\u00e1n\u00ed hintingu, pak p\u0159echod na HarfBuzz nen\u00ed ta volba, kter\u00e1 by umo\u017enila o\u010dek\u00e1vat jeho podporu. V kvalit\u011b<\/a><\/noindex> D\u016fvodem pro odm\u00edtnut\u00ed implementace hintingu v HarfBuzz je, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 hintovac\u00ed re\u017eimy vedou ke zm\u011bn\u011b p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky glifu a tato zm\u011bna z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pixelov\u00e9 velikosti. D\u0159\u00edve Pango prov\u00e1d\u011bl podobn\u00e9 operace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm FreeType, kter\u00fd podporoval hinting, ale pot\u00e9 p\u0159e\u0161el na HarfBuzz, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed glif\u016f bez vazby na jejich velikost. Proto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f vznikl\u00fdch p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed Pango le\u017e\u00ed v odpov\u011bdnosti Panga, nikoli HarfBuzz.<\/p>\n

Nakonec Behdad Esfahbod vydal<\/a><\/noindex> velkou retrospektivu v\u00fdvoje fontov\u00e9ho stacku Linuxu. Po jeho odchodu do Googlu byly knihovny Pango a Cairo prakticky zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1ny a upadly do stagnace. V HarfBuzz se pr\u00e1ce soust\u0159edila na podporu adaptivn\u00edch prom\u011bnliv\u00fdch font\u016f (variable-font) a Red Hat se zam\u011b\u0159il p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na GTK a Glib. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu byly v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdvoje v oblasti prom\u011bnliv\u00fdch font\u016f p\u0159eneseny do FreeType, fontconfig a Cairo, ale v Pango z\u016fstaly nedokon\u010den\u00e9 kv\u016fli nedostatku v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f. P\u0159\u00edstup k nov\u00fdm API v Pango byl poskytnut prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm abstrakce FontMap a byl podporov\u00e1n pouze pro backendy zalo\u017een\u00e9 na FreeType. Backend pro Windows a macOS nebyl v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 let udr\u017eov\u00e1n. <\/p>\n

Po expanzi mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d\u016f Microsoft ukon\u010dil v syst\u00e9mu Windows 8 podporu subpixelov\u00e9ho vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edsem a vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed ve stylu GDI. macOS v\u0161ak v\u017edy podporoval vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je v t\u00e9to diskusi ozna\u010dov\u00e1no jako \u201erozmazan\u00e9\u201c. Od roku 2018 se n\u011bkolik v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f HarfBuzz sna\u017eilo p\u0159en\u00e9st mo\u017enosti, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159id\u00e1ny v posledn\u00edch letech, do Panga. Sou\u010dasn\u011b do\u0161lo p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji GTK4 k p\u0159echodu na vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9 na OpenGL, co\u017e vy\u017eaduje line\u00e1rn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko textu, co\u017e zhor\u0161ilo nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi pixelov\u00fdm vykreslov\u00e1n\u00edm a \u0161k\u00e1lovateln\u00fdm rozlo\u017een\u00edm.<\/p>\n

LibreOffice, Chrome a Firefox p\u0159e\u0161ly na pou\u017eit\u00ed HarfBuzz jako jednotn\u00e9ho shaping engine, a to za cenu ukon\u010den\u00ed podpory rastrov\u00fdch font\u016f a form\u00e1tu Type1. Pro rastrov\u00e9 fonty byla t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed je pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, nab\u00eddnuta mo\u017enost p\u0159ev\u00e9st je na kontejner OpenType. Byla zasl\u00e1na \u017e\u00e1dost do Adobe o implementaci Type1 pro HarfBuzz, ale odpov\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee to nem\u00e1 v\u00fdznam, proto\u017ee sami kon\u010d\u00ed s podporou Type1 tento rok. <\/p>\n

Aby dr\u017eeli krok s rychle se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edmi technologiemi, bylo podobn\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed o p\u0159echodu na HarfBuzz u\u010din\u011bno tak\u00e9 pro knihovnu Pango. Cena za to byla zastaven\u00ed podpory n\u011bkter\u00fdch star\u00fdch technologi\u00ed ze dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch let. Bylo uvedeno, \u017ee vzhledem k omezen\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm maj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i probl\u00e9m se v\u0161\u00edm stihnout, a ti, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed star\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, se mohou pokusit naj\u00edt n\u011bkoho, kdo bude ochoten se starat o chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed funkcionalitu. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad je zm\u00edn\u011bn GNOME3, po jeho\u017e vzniku nespokojen\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohli pokra\u010dovat v rozvoji zastaral\u00fdch technologi\u00ed GNOME2 v r\u00e1mci projekt\u016f Mate a Cinnamon. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed i pro Pango, ale zat\u00edm se nena\u0161li \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed z\u00e1jemci.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0445\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 «hintfull», \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 Pango 1.43 \u043d\u0430 1.44 \u043a\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 Pango \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f FreeType \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043a\u0451\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435 (\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0430\u043c\u0438) \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043a HarfBuzz, \u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":81073,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81072","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i fontov\u00e9ho stacku Linux se vzdali podpory m\u011bkk\u00e9ho vyhlazov\u00e1n\u00ed | ProHoster","description":"N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed metodu hintingu \"hintfull\", si mohli v\u0161imnout, \u017ee p\u0159i p\u0159echodu z verze Pango 1.43 na 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