{"id":81657,"date":"2020-05-15T13:42:29","date_gmt":"2020-05-15T11:42:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/novichkam-fondovogo-rynka-chestnye-razgovory-o-trejdinge"},"modified":"2020-05-15T13:42:29","modified_gmt":"2020-05-15T11:42:29","slug":"novichkam-fondovogo-rynka-chestnye-razgovory-o-trejdinge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/novichkam-fondovogo-rynka-chestnye-razgovory-o-trejdinge","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016fm na akciov\u00e9m trhu: up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 rozhovory o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Blog RUVDS na Habr vid\u011bl v\u0161echno: popularizaci JavaScriptu a skv\u011bl\u00e9 p\u0159ekladov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jachting, ot\u00e1zky vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a profesn\u00edho rozvoje, burgery, s\u00fdry, pivo a kalend\u00e1\u0159e s kyberd\u00edvkami. Z\u00e1m\u011brem bylo promluvit o z\u00e1kladech tradingu a pr\u00e1ce na akciov\u00e9m trhu jsme se zab\u00fdvali u\u017e d\u00e1vno, a to z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f. V\u011bt\u0161ina spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed o burzovn\u00edch t\u00e9matech, m\u00e1 jasn\u00fd c\u00edl: z\u00edskat klienty pro sv\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a brokersk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty, a to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v jejich \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch je investov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b atraktivn\u00ed \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 by se m\u011bla st\u00e1t kon\u00ed\u010dkem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho geeka. Jedin\u00e9, co m\u016f\u017eeme nab\u00eddnout za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm v tradingu, je VPS s obchodn\u00edmi platformami, a nem\u00e1me motivaci p\u0159edstavovat sv\u011bt obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na akciov\u00e9m trhu jako prost\u0159edek k obohacen\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Rozhodli jsme se vytvo\u0159it s\u00e9rii \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f o z\u00e1kladech obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed a nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch aktivech pro nov\u00e1\u010dky. Up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b, bez v\u00fdzev pos\u00edlat pen\u00edze brokerovi nebo otev\u00edrat sv\u016fj \u00fa\u010det v konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed bance. Rozhodnout, jestli je to va\u0161e cesta, je \u010dist\u011b na v\u00e1s. N\u011bkdy je mnohem v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a dokonce rychlej\u0161\u00ed osvojen\u00ed nov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho stacku a vylep\u0161en\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed mzdy a stabiln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu na po\u017eadovanou \u00farove\u0148.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/500288\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016fm na akciov\u00e9m trhu: up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 rozhovory o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/e4a1a5053428478ee0130cf524a711d1.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Kolik pen\u011bz by m\u011bl m\u00edt za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed investor a kde je vz\u00edt?<\/h2>\n<p>\nNeexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 stanoven\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka. Mezi brokery m\u016f\u017eete sly\u0161et \u010d\u00e1stku od 100 000 rubl\u016f, ale je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee to je p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh pro pasivn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edho investora (to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokud sv\u011b\u0159\u00edte spr\u00e1vu kapit\u00e1lu brokerovi a sami se nerozhodujete ohledn\u011b obchod\u016f). Pokud se rozhodnete zkusit vyd\u011blat vlastn\u00edmi silami, m\u016f\u017eete vz\u00edt jako z\u00e1klad takov\u00e9 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\"standardn\u00ed\" minimum \u2014 10 000 rubl\u016f<\/li>\n<li>IIS (individu\u00e1ln\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det) \u2014 a\u017e 400 000 rubl\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>pro n\u00e1kup dom\u00e1c\u00edch blue chip akci\u00ed \u2014 10 000 rubl\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>pro n\u00e1kup zahrani\u010dn\u00edch produkt\u016f \u2014 v\u00fdrazn\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed na vybran\u00fdch aktivech\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nAle opakuji, to jsou podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky: m\u016f\u017eete si zvolit svoji, n\u011bkdy minim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e prost\u0159edk\u016f na \u00fa\u010dtu je regulov\u00e1na brokerem, u kter\u00e9ho budete obsluhov\u00e1ni.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed je ur\u010dit d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 parametry t\u011bch prost\u0159edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 jste p\u0159ipraveni investovat.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku sv\u00fdch investi\u010dn\u00edch praktik neinvestujte sv\u00e9 posledn\u00ed pen\u00edze, m\u011bli byste m\u00edt rezervu. Jedna z m\u00fdch nejlep\u0161\u00edch praktik je odkl\u00e1dat 10 % z jak\u00e9hokoli p\u0159\u00edjmu (z lev\u00fdch, prav\u00fdch, pr\u00e9mi\u00ed a bonus\u016f \u2014 zkr\u00e1tka ze v\u0161ech, dokonce i z d\u00e1rk\u016f). Pokud nem\u00e1te c\u00edl na n\u011bco d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho, \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bchto pen\u011bz m\u016f\u017eete vyzkou\u0161et obchodovat na burze.<\/li>\n<li>Nebran\u00edte si \u00fav\u011br na investice (v\u00fdjimka \u2014 p\u00e1ka, speci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e1ka od brokera) \u2014 m\u016f\u017eete ztratit p\u016fj\u010den\u00e9 pen\u00edze, nikoli je zhodnotit. A pokud je ztr\u00e1ta vlastn\u00edch pen\u011bz trapn\u00e1, tak ciz\u00ed jsou je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Bu\u010fte p\u0159ipraveni \"uvolnit\" sv\u00e9 prost\u0159edky na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3 roky \u2014 n\u011bkdy je to spojeno s vr\u00e1cen\u00edm dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, n\u011bkdy s vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm dlouhodob\u00e9ho n\u00edzkorizikov\u00e9ho portfolia atd. A nav\u00edc, ur\u010dit\u011b nebudete hned schopni naj\u00edt pro v\u00e1s nejv\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed strategii.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Jak vstoupit do obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na burze?<\/h2>\n<p>\nP\u0159\u00edmo \u2014 nijak. V RF fyzick\u00e9 osoby nemaj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo prov\u00e1d\u011bt samostatn\u00e9 investice na burzovn\u00edm trhu. Pro p\u0159\u00edstup k Moskevsk\u00e9 burze a dal\u0161\u00edm platform\u00e1m je nutn\u00e9 uzav\u0159\u00edt smlouvu o makl\u00e9\u0159sk\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch a otev\u0159\u00edt makl\u00e9\u0159sk\u00fd \u00fa\u010det. Po tomto m\u016f\u017eete d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat spr\u00e1v\u011b sv\u00fdch pen\u011bz profesion\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkovi burzovn\u00edho trhu (velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky) nebo za\u010d\u00edt prov\u00e1d\u011bt obchody samostatn\u011b (pokud jsou \u010d\u00e1stky mal\u00e9).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce p\u0159\u00edmo s makl\u00e9\u0159em \u2014 uzav\u00edr\u00e1te smlouvu, nastavujete obchodn\u00ed platformy a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1te experimentovat na z\u00e1klad\u011b sv\u00fdch znalost\u00ed nebo (co\u017e nen\u00ed \u0161patn\u00e9, ale riskantn\u00ed) na diskuz\u00edch na f\u00f3rech profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch obchodn\u00edk\u016f a amat\u00e9rsk\u00fdch obchodn\u00edk\u016f. To je nejoptim\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky.\n<ul>\n<li>QUIK \u2014 soubor n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro anal\u00fdzu a obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s extr\u00e9mn\u011b rychlou aktualizac\u00ed dat. Lze obchodovat na rusk\u00fdch i zahrani\u010dn\u00edch burzovn\u00edch trz\u00edch. Je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd d\u00edky \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed dat.<\/li>\n<li>MetaTrader5 \u2014 program pro obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00e1stroji term\u00ednov\u00e9ho, devizov\u00e9ho a akciov\u00e9ho trhu. Umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et vlastn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy a obchodn\u00ed algoritmy v programovac\u00edm jazyce MQL5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce v mobiln\u00ed aplikaci brokera nebo banky je velmi snadn\u00e1 verze pro za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed investory, kde jsou k dispozici v\u0161echny obchodn\u00ed atributy (novinky, anal\u00fdzy, retrospektivy, rady, portfolia, hotov\u00e9 strategie atd.), ale p\u0159itom se nedost\u00e1v\u00e1te do nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch detail\u016f investov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hotov\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch strategi\u00ed je n\u00e1stroj pro investory, kte\u0159\u00ed nemaj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o r\u016fst, prost\u011b pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed vlo\u017eit pen\u00edze pro budouc\u00ed zisk. Investujete do hotov\u00e9 portfoliov\u00e9 strategie a jednodu\u0161e \u010dek\u00e1te, a\u017e se projev\u00ed a vy vyd\u011bl\u00e1te (obvykle maj\u00ed v\u017edy pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek, i kdy\u017e \u010dasto mal\u00fd). Navzdory line\u00e1rn\u00ed jednoduchosti v\u00fdb\u011bru byste se v\u0161ak tomuto zp\u016fsobu investov\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u011bli vyh\u00fdbat: \u201ep\u0159i prozkoum\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c sv\u00e9ho portfolia m\u016f\u017eete studovat principy jeho sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed, kombinov\u00e1n\u00ed produkt\u016f a rizik, anal\u00fdzu, kter\u00e1 le\u017e\u00ed v z\u00e1kladech strategie.<\/li>\n<li>Za\u010d\u00edt intenzivn\u011b programovat a ps\u00e1t sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed roboty pro vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed je mo\u017enost pro siln\u00e9 k\u00f3dova\u010de z Habr. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b to nen\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob pro re\u00e1lnou pr\u00e1ci, proto\u017ee platformy n\u011bkdy hledaj\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak se tomuto p\u0159\u00edstupu br\u00e1nit, roboti jsou vystaveni \u00fatok\u016fm \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016f. Ale napsat sv\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho robota znamen\u00e1 pono\u0159it se do nejjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch nuanc\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed akciov\u00fdch a devizov\u00fdch trh\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt va\u0161\u00ed cestou k nov\u00e9 profesi nebo do t\u00fdmu broker\u016f a bank.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Jak obchodovat?<\/h2>\n<p>\nExistuje mnoho obchodn\u00edch strategi\u00ed na akciov\u00e9m trhu (trading), ale ne v\u0161echny jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky. Poj\u010fme si probrat ty z\u00e1kladn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Skalpov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/strong>je popul\u00e1rn\u00ed typ obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m trader profitoval z jak\u00e9hokoli pohybu ceny. Jedn\u00e1 se o pr\u00e1ci na kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch r\u00e1mc\u00edch (n\u011bkdy dokonce na 5 minut nebo minutu). Je vhodn\u00e9 pro ty, pro kter\u00e9 je trading hlavn\u00ed prac\u00ed (profes\u00ed), vy\u017eaduje soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed a pozornost k detail\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed trading <\/strong>\u2014 typ obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m obchodn\u00edk obchoduje ve st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9m horizontu s pomoc\u00ed fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed anal\u00fdzy. Analyzuje a progn\u00f3zuje pohyb trhu a souhrn ukazatel\u016f emitent\u016f cenn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f v portfoliu a na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00edskan\u00fdch z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f prov\u00e1d\u00ed obchody. Je to celkem konzervativn\u00ed metoda obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je vhodn\u00e1 pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b s fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed anal\u00fdzou.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Technick\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/strong>\u2014 obchodn\u00edk obchoduje na jak\u00fdchkoli \u010dasov\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch na z\u00e1klad\u011b technick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy. Obchody se uzav\u00edraj\u00ed ne na z\u00e1klad\u011b informac\u00ed o trhu a emitentovi, ale na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed zm\u011bny cen vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z toho, jak se m\u011bnily v obdobn\u00fdch extern\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. V podstat\u011b je to obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na anal\u00fdze trend\u016f. Je to vhodn\u00e9 pro zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obchodn\u00edky, ale ji\u017e v etap\u011b u\u010den\u00ed je dobr\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edt ovl\u00e1dat z\u00e1klady technick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed strategie vhodn\u00e1 pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky je <strong>st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/strong>Principy fungov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou stejn\u00e9 jako u skalpov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale zisk nebo ztr\u00e1ta se fixuj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b pohybu cen ve st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9m horizontu (hodina, n\u011bkolik hodin, den). Toho \u010dasu je dost, aby se provedla hlubok\u00e1 anal\u00fdza a u\u010dinilo rozhodnut\u00ed nebo ur\u010dila strategie. Velmi stabiln\u00ed a pohodln\u00e1 metoda obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/strong>(pokud jste na Habru u\u017e dlouho, ur\u010dit\u011b jste o n\u011bm \u010detli) \u2014 je to obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, kde obchodn\u00edky jsou po\u010d\u00edta\u010de prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed miliony v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fdch operac\u00ed za sekundu, aby dos\u00e1hly maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho zisku. Je to zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, perspektivn\u00ed a zejm\u00e9na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pro program\u00e1tory, ale je t\u0159eba v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee nen\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, vy\u017eaduje znalosti a zku\u0161enosti v obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt napadeno nebo zablokov\u00e1no. Zat\u00edm nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda je V\u010c obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed budoucnost\u00ed cel\u00e9ho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, ale rozhodn\u011b m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 perspektivy.<\/p>\n<p>A dva typy obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b profesion\u00e1ly a velk\u00fdmi institucion\u00e1ln\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky trhu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Momentov\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> \u2014 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b pohybu cen uvnit\u0159 r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dlouhodob\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/strong>\u2014 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, jeho\u017e z\u00e1kladem je souhrn velk\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch proces\u016f, extern\u00edch faktor\u016f, stavu a trend\u016f trh\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Existuje je\u0161t\u011b jedna obchodn\u00ed strategie \u2013 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed ciz\u00edch \u010din\u016f ve sv\u00e9 strategii \u2013 kter\u00e1 v\u00e1s nepovede k profesionalit\u011b a neumo\u017en\u00ed v\u00e1m vybudovat spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 vztahy s akciov\u00fdm trhem. \u010cten\u00ed podobn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a pou\u010dn\u00e9, ale stav\u011bt sv\u016fj trading v\u00fdhradn\u011b na kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed je velmi \u0161patn\u00fd n\u00e1pad.<\/p>\n<p>Vybranou strategii si v\u017edy m\u016f\u017eete \"laboratorn\u011b\" ov\u011b\u0159it na datech z minul\u00fdch obdob\u00ed a spo\u010d\u00edtat, jak\u00fd v\u00fdsledek byste mohli dos\u00e1hnout. To je dal\u0161\u00ed \"tr\u00e9nink\" pro va\u0161e analytick\u00e9 dovednosti.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee jste se sezn\u00e1mili s typy tradingu a\u2026\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Doporu\u010duji v\u00e1m p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst si blogy velk\u00fdch broker\u016f (ale pamatujte, \u017ee je n\u011bkdy p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed neprofesion\u00e1ln\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed copywrite\u0159i a nezku\u0161en\u00ed trade\u0159i, ale market\u00e9\u0159i s filologick\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm, tak\u017ee bu\u010fte maxim\u00e1ln\u011b kriti\u010dt\u00ed!), pod\u00edvat se na vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed materi\u00e1ly (m\u016f\u017eete dokonce prozkoumat z\u00e1kladn\u00ed univerzitn\u00ed u\u010debnice), absolvovat online kurz od zn\u00e1m\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad se mi l\u00edb\u00ed bezplatn\u00e1 \u0161kola pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/investments101.ru\/\">Investice 101 od BCS<\/a><\/noindex>, z rusk\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f je to nejvyv\u00e1\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed). Je tu je\u0161t\u011b jeden zp\u016fsob \u2013 najmout si lektora v oblasti burzovn\u00edho obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed z b\u00fdval\u00fdch trader\u016f nebo z vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m za kr\u00e1tkou dobu dostupn\u011b vysv\u011btl\u00ed z\u00e1klady. Ale nebojte se zeptat na praktick\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti.<\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed budete pot\u0159ebovat demo \u00fa\u010det, kde budete moci operovat s virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmi pen\u011bzi a neutrat\u00edte skute\u010dn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty (mimochodem, m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti, \u017ee v\u00e1s demo \u00fa\u010det nem\u00e1 inspirovat, proto\u017ee, za prv\u00e9, je siln\u011b zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd oproti skute\u010dn\u00e9 situaci, a za druh\u00e9, v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee motivovat a \"p\u0159izp\u016fsobovat se\").<\/p>\n<p>A kdy\u017e budete vyzbrojeni z\u00e1kladn\u00ed teori\u00ed a v\u00edte, \u017ee japonsk\u00e9 sv\u00ed\u010dky se neprod\u00e1vaj\u00ed na AliExpressu a nehod\u00ed se k Toyot\u011b a Hond\u011b, m\u016f\u017eete zkusit za\u010d\u00edt pracovat se skute\u010dn\u00fdmi pen\u011bzi na brokersk\u00e9m \u00fa\u010dtu.<\/p>\n<p>Ne, po\u010dkejte. Nechci vypadat jako dom\u00e1c\u00ed psycholog, ale zn\u00e1m to ze sebe: p\u0159ipravte se, \u017ee nejste vlk z Wall Street. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 sebev\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 uvoln\u011bnost, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 vzru\u0161en\u00ed. Jste nezku\u0161en\u00fd sap\u00e9r na minov\u00e9m poli bez mapy min. A tedy maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed racionalismus, \u00favahy a opatrnost.<\/p>\n<p>Tak, za\u010dali jsme.<\/p>\n<p>Pot\u0159ebujete brokera, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 organizaci, kde si m\u016f\u017eete otev\u0159\u00edt brokersk\u00fd \u00fa\u010det. Broker v\u00e1m poskytne p\u0159\u00edstup k obchodn\u00edm n\u00e1stroj\u016fm a vezme na sebe ve\u0161ker\u00e1 technick\u00e1 a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed rizika. V\u0161echny akce broker prov\u00e1d\u00ed ve va\u0161em jm\u00e9nu a na v\u00e1\u0161 \u00fa\u010det (pokud nen\u00ed dohodnuto jinak) a vy jako trader rozhodujete o tom, jak\u00e9 aktiva nakupovat, jak sestavovat portfolio atd. Pokud si to p\u0159ejete (\u010dasto p\u0159i ur\u010dit\u00e9m stanoven\u00e9m objemu investic), m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m b\u00fdt p\u0159id\u011blen osobn\u00ed broker, se kter\u00fdm m\u016f\u017eete v chatu nebo po telefonu konzultovat ohledn\u011b n\u011bjak\u00fdch riskantn\u00edch obchod\u016f, struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch produkt\u016f, p\u0159\u00edstupu k ur\u010dit\u00fdm n\u00e1stroj\u016fm atd.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak vybrat brokera?<\/h2>\n<p>\nProfesion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk trhu cenn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f, kter\u00fd vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 brokerskou \u010dinnost, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 broker. Je to spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup k obchodn\u00edm platform\u00e1m burzy a kter\u00e1 bude prov\u00e1d\u011bt obchody ve va\u0161em jm\u00e9nu a na v\u00e1\u0161 \u00fa\u010det. Krom\u011b toho je broker da\u0148ov\u00fdm agentem a pr\u00e1v\u011b on \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vypln\u00ed a pod\u00e1 da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo vy\u0159\u00edd\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00fd odpo\u010det. Pen\u00edze na v\u00e1\u0161 \u00fa\u010det p\u0159ijdou ji\u017e \"o\u010dist\u011bn\u00e9\" od dan\u00ed. Za svou \u010dinnost si broker \u00fa\u010dtuje provizi - obvykle je to velmi mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka, ale z\u00e1ruky a pohodl\u00ed jsou na vysok\u00e9 \u00farovni.\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prvn\u00ed a nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed - v\u00e1\u0161 broker nebo forexov\u00fd dealer mus\u00ed m\u00edt licenci Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banky Rusk\u00e9 federace. M\u016f\u017eete ji ov\u011b\u0159it <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cbr.ru\/securities_market\/registries\/\">v aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch registrech na webu banky<\/a><\/noindex>. Pokud v\u00e1m \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee licence bude brzy nebo je na obnoven\u00ed, odm\u00edtn\u011bte vztah s takovou spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>D\u016fv\u011bru si zaslou\u017e\u00ed brokersk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty zn\u00e1m\u00fdch bank. Investi\u010dn\u00ed nab\u00eddky poskytuj\u00ed Sberbank, VTB, Alfa-Bank, Tinkoff bank a dal\u0161\u00ed. Li\u0161\u00ed se mo\u017enostmi, minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami, souborem n\u00e1stroj\u016f a dostupnost\u00ed.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Broker by m\u011bl nejen uzav\u0159\u00edt smlouvu o brokersk\u00e9m \u00fa\u010dtu, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00e1m vypr\u00e1v\u011bt o v\u0161ech n\u00e1stroj\u00edch a poskytnout p\u0159\u00edstup k desktopov\u00fdm a mobiln\u00edm aplikac\u00edm pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm pro investi\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost.<\/li>\n<li>I kdy\u017e se chyst\u00e1te investovat pasivn\u011b (sv\u011b\u0159it spr\u00e1vu kapit\u00e1lu brokerovi), m\u011bli byste m\u00edt n\u00e1stroje pro kontrolu a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu va\u0161ich \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, abyste mohli vid\u011bt detaily v\u0161ech obchod\u016f a transakc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Doporu\u010duji v\u00e1m v\u011bnovat pozornost zahrani\u010dn\u00edm broker\u016fm, nap\u0159\u00edklad jedn\u00edm z popul\u00e1rn\u00edch variant s n\u011bjakou ruskou podporou jsou Interactive Brokers. Vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se obchodn\u00edmi programy s obrovsk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm funkc\u00ed a analytick\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1rukou je doba p\u016fsoben\u00ed spole\u010dnosti na trhu. Pokud funguje v\u00edce ne\u017e 3 roky, obvykle j\u00ed lze d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nI kdy\u017e je trh finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b regulov\u00e1n, neust\u00e1le se objevuj\u00ed nov\u00e9 podvodn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 se vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed za brokery. Shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed pen\u00edze od potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch investor\u016f a pot\u00e9 miz\u00ed, ani\u017e by splnily jak\u00e9koliv z\u00e1vazky. Nab\u00edzej\u00ed v\u0161ak p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 a \"geekovsk\u00e9\" argumenty: \"m\u00e1me neuronov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b\", \"pracujeme s bitcoinem, proto nem\u00e1me licenci\", \"jsme pro vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed trading\" atd. Ve skute\u010dnosti o \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 technologi\u010dnosti podvodn\u00edk\u016f nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0159e\u010d. Bu\u010fte opatrn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nesm\u00edte zam\u011b\u0148ovat brokera s analytiky a u\u017e v\u016fbec ne s robo-poradci. Pokud broker m\u00e1 podle smlouvy \u0159adu z\u00e1vazk\u016f, tyto subjekty nenesou \u017e\u00e1dnou odpov\u011bdnost za sv\u00e9 rady a doporu\u010den\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v ka\u017ed\u00e9 brokersk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pracuj\u00ed cel\u00e9 analytick\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed broker\u016fm z\u00e1klad pro rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed a data pro anal\u00fdzu.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak formovat portfolio?<\/h2>\n<p>\nExistuj\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed parametry investov\u00e1n\u00ed: v\u00fdnosnost, investi\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed a riziko. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 portfolio se tedy ur\u010duje pom\u011brem t\u011bchto faktor\u016f. Tady, jako ve star\u00e9m vtipu: vyberte si jak\u00e9koli dva. Na grafu m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt pom\u011br pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy investor\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016fm na akciov\u00e9m trhu: up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 rozhovory o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/20156d5c36f65b53c93a682326abcbce.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nMysl\u00edm, \u017ee nejoptim\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pom\u011brem pro investov\u00e1n\u00ed je: diversifikovat \u2014 do spolehliv\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f investujte alespo\u0148 40 %, do vysoce rizikov\u00fdch \u2014 10 %, zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 50 % rozd\u011blte podle likvidity a va\u0161\u00ed hlavn\u00ed strategie. Optim\u00e1ln\u00ed doba investov\u00e1n\u00ed je do t\u0159\u00ed let (tak\u00e9 kv\u016fli da\u0148ov\u00e9mu z\u00e1konod\u00e1rstv\u00ed). Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost pro za\u010d\u00e1tek je zalo\u017eit IIS (individu\u00e1ln\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det, o kter\u00e9m se budeme postupn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b bavit).<\/p>\n<h2>Jak ztratit pen\u00edze s garanc\u00ed?<\/h2>\n<p>\nV\u011bt\u0161ina za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edk\u016f v soukrom\u00e9m investov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bl\u00e1 stejn\u00e9 typick\u00e9 chyby, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed pouze rozsahem ztr\u00e1t. Ned\u011blejte to.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nehrajte na \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a na n\u00e1hodu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00e1\u0161 krok by m\u011bl b\u00fdt promy\u0161len\u00fd a zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00fd \u2014 a co je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u2014 zalo\u017een\u00fd na datech a anal\u00fdze. Nap\u0159\u00edklad jste vid\u011bli sign\u00e1ly r\u016fstu akci\u00ed Gazpromu a rozhodli se \u201ezbavit se\u201c sv\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku na pozad\u00ed r\u016fstu, a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den vzrostly o 40 %. Pro\u010d? Proto\u017ee trh o\u010dek\u00e1val zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dividend \u2014 zpr\u00e1va byla zve\u0159ejn\u011bna, r\u016fst za\u010dal. Spr\u00e1vn\u011b jste vyhodnotili tr\u017en\u00ed sign\u00e1l, ale p\u0159i\u0161li jste o zisk, proto\u017ee jste se ukvaplili. Pro zku\u0161en\u00e9ho investora je stav v emituj\u00edc\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a informace o v\u0161ech ud\u00e1lostech nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem. I kdy\u017e nem\u016f\u017eete poskytnout p\u0159esnou p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f a hlubok\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed tr\u017en\u00edch proces\u016f, m\u011bli byste alespo\u0148 v\u011bd\u011bt, na jak\u00fdch trendech je t\u0159eba prod\u00e1vat, kupovat nebo dr\u017eet aktiva va\u0161eho investi\u010dn\u00edho portfolia.<\/li>\n<li>Neo\u010dek\u00e1vejte okam\u017eit\u00e9 ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed zisky \u2014 nelze \u201einvestovat 10 000 a za t\u00fdden vybrat 100 000\u201c (ani podvodn\u00edk\u016fm). V z\u00e1vislosti na investi\u010dn\u00ed strategii se formuje v\u00fdnos, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 z\u00e1porn\u00fd. \u201ePoh\u00e1dkov\u00fd\u201c zisk m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdsledkem riskantn\u00ed investice zku\u0161en\u00e9ho investora, ale i to je v\u011bt\u0161inou jen ot\u00e1zka \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, proto\u017ee v\u00fdsledky rizikov\u00fdch investic jsou slab\u011b p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>Odej\u00edt z pr\u00e1ce kv\u016fli tomu, abyste se stali investorem, je to nejhor\u0161\u00ed, co se m\u016f\u017ee nov\u00e1\u010dkovi st\u00e1t. Cesta od prvn\u00edho n\u00e1padu k zku\u0161en\u00e9mu brokerovi m\u016f\u017ee trvat 3, 5 let i v\u00edce intenzivn\u00edho u\u010den\u00ed. \u0158eknu to na p\u0159\u00edkladu sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti: i po 3 letech specializace na finan\u010dn\u00ed matematiku, spr\u00e1vu cenn\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f a burzovn\u00ed obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole je jedin\u00e9, co m\u016f\u017eete profesion\u00e1ln\u011b a d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u011b ud\u011blat, rozpoznat podvodn\u00edky. \"Vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat pen\u00edze\" na burze nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, pot\u0159ebujete dal\u0161\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a praxi. Znovu, v\u011bt\u0161ina broker\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pracuj\u00ed s klientsk\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dty, jsou zam\u011bstnanci finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed a krom\u011b proviz\u00ed maj\u00ed i plat a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby se mohou snadno p\u0159esunout do analytiky nebo \u0161kolen\u00ed. Pokud v\u0161echno opou\u0161t\u00edte, nastavujete QUIK, p\u0159ipojujete \u00fa\u010det a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1te \"hr\u00e1t na burze\", p\u0159ipravte se j\u00edst m\u00e1lo, \u0161patn\u011b se obl\u00e9kat a hodn\u011b \u0161et\u0159it. Z\u00e1v\u011br je jednoduch\u00fd: bu\u010f je obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na akciov\u00e9m trhu va\u0161\u00edm zdrojem dodate\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjmu a intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edm kon\u00ed\u010dkem, nebo se v\u011bdom\u011b u\u010d\u00edte a m\u011bn\u00edte profesi. A ano, obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na burze nen\u00ed hra, je to pr\u00e1ce, i pro soukrom\u00e9ho investora.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e1 chyba nen\u00ed, ale na druh\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b s jistotou je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed nebo brzy pot\u0159ebujete, pro sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed kroky na akciov\u00e9m trhu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud \u0161et\u0159\u00edte na hypot\u00e9ku, auto nebo jak\u00fdkoli jin\u00fd velk\u00fd a pot\u0159ebn\u00fd n\u00e1kup, a najednou se rozhodnete rychle \"dohnat\", opus\u0165te tuto my\u0161lenku - riziko je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9. Pokud m\u00e1te v\u0161ak \"spo\u0159ic\u00ed kasi\u010dku\", kam ukl\u00e1d\u00e1te voln\u00e9 prost\u0159edky a jste si jisti, \u017ee v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti pen\u00edze nepot\u0159ebujete (doporu\u010duji zva\u017eovat investi\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed 3 roky), m\u016f\u017eete si v klidu zkusit zhodnotit sv\u016fj kapit\u00e1l prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm brokersk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dtu. Ale pamatujte - m\u016f\u017eete nejen nez\u00edskat dodate\u010dn\u00fd zisk, ale tak\u00e9 ztratit hlavn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st investice.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Nespojujte se s virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmi m\u011bnami.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nN\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dv\u011b chyby se p\u0159\u00edmo t\u00fdkaj\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011bru investi\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f a jsou dv\u011bma extr\u00e9my investi\u010dn\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Je chybn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat pouze jeden investi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj (nap\u0159\u00edklad investovat pouze do akci\u00ed jedn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, pouze do dolar\u016f, pouze do zlata atd.). P\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nedosahujete aktivn\u00edho investov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e dost konzervativn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje na \"uchov\u00e1n\u00ed\" pen\u011bz, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e9st v\u00fdnos v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu. Tento typ investov\u00e1n\u00ed lze efektivitou srovnat s bankovn\u00edm depositn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtem.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Stejn\u011b chybn\u00e9 je investovat do v\u0161eho bez rozmyslu, zejm\u00e9na do rizikov\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, nejasn\u00fdch startup\u016f, nov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, nebo do akci\u00ed b\u011bhem hype kolem n\u011bjak\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup k va\u0161emu portfoliu vede ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b v\u00fdnosnosti a neporozum\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1klad\u016fm strukturovan\u00fdch investic. Nakonec se m\u016f\u017eete dostat do situace, kdy nebudete schopni p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f trhu a jejich reakci na n\u011bj.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nTento tweet\u00a0<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en_US\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Prod\u00e1v\u00e1m skoro v\u0161echny fyzick\u00e9 v\u011bci. Nebudu m\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Elon Musk (@elonmusk) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/elonmusk\/status\/1256239554148724737?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">1. kv\u011btna 2020<\/a><\/noindex><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nvyvolal takov\u00e9to hnut\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016fm na akciov\u00e9m trhu: up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 rozhovory o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/7b351069bb167d754cef2cbf51cf8ad9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>A te\u010f p\u0159edpov\u011bzte sv\u00e9 portfolio na z\u00e1klad\u011b Twitteru (mimochodem, skv\u011bl\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u2014 u\u017e je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee tweety CEO firem a zejm\u00e9na politik\u016f, a konkr\u00e9tn\u011b D. Trumpa, aktivn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed trendy na akciov\u00e9m trhu)<\/i><\/p>\n<p>V\u00edte, co je zn\u00e1mkou toho, \u017ee p\u0159istupujete k pr\u00e1ci na akciov\u00e9m trhu spr\u00e1vn\u011b? M\u011blo by v\u00e1s to nudit. Nad\u0161en\u00ed v investic\u00edch (jak\u00fdchkoliv!) je ten nejhor\u0161\u00ed r\u00e1dce.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Vol\u00edme akciov\u00fd trh z r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f: ze z\u00e1jmu, pro investov\u00e1n\u00ed a uchov\u00e1n\u00ed voln\u00fdch pen\u011bz, z touhy vyd\u011blat nebo se prost\u011b n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho nau\u010dit. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i po sezn\u00e1men\u00ed se s akciov\u00fdm trhem m\u011bn\u00ed specializaci a odch\u00e1zej\u00ed do v\u00fdvoje obchodn\u00edch robot\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Akciov\u00fd trh je komplikovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. Ve skute\u010dnosti nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee neust\u00e1le \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159edpov\u00eddat budoucnost akciov\u00e9ho trhu: dnes m\u016f\u017eete m\u00edt pravdu, ale z\u00edtra se mohou m\u00fdlit jin\u00ed investo\u0159i (na to je spekulativn\u00ed obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 v tom dobr\u00e9m smyslu). Nen\u00ed to samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ruleta ani hern\u00ed automat, ale ve\u0161ker\u00e1 slo\u017eitost spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v ur\u010den\u00ed trendu, nau\u010dit se prov\u00e1d\u011bt technickou a fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed anal\u00fdzu. V\u0161echno ostatn\u00ed na tom z\u00e1vis\u00ed. A program\u00e1to\u0159i, matematici a technici jsou \u010dasto dob\u0159\u00ed v anal\u00fdze trend\u016f, ale \u0159\u00edct od prvn\u00edho dne \u201ejsem odborn\u00edk na ekonomii\u201c je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 a m\u016f\u017ee se obr\u00e1tit proti v\u00e1m. Pamatujte: riziko je v\u017edy p\u0159\u00edtomno.<\/p>\n<h2>Co \u010d\u00edst na toto t\u00e9ma?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.moex.com\/\">Moskevsk\u00e1 burza<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed web pro rusk\u00e9ho investora (jeden z nich)<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/quote.rbc.ru\/\">Quote.ru<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/quote.rbc.ru\/news\/training\/5e3bce619a7947a1bc5ed98b\">P\u0159ehled podvodn\u00edk\u016f<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/brokers.ru\/\">Brokers.ru<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 slu\u0161n\u00e9 analytick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly a p\u0159\u00edklady, ale pamatujte, \u017ee web je zam\u011b\u0159en na Forex, a Forex b\u00fdv\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00fd (o m\u011bn\u011b si je\u0161t\u011b promluv\u00edme).<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/invest-idei.ru\/\">Sb\u00edrka investi\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1pad\u016f<\/a><\/noindex> (lze rozebrat jako \u00fakoly)<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/finviz.com\/\">Mno\u017estv\u00ed anal\u00fdz finan\u010dn\u00edch trh\u016f<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.portfoliovisualizer.com\/\">Pr\u00e1ce s portfoliov\u00fdmi strategiemi<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/prishli.me\/\">Pen\u00edze p\u0159i\u0161ly<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCNY3HHVKy6LdpgUcDquXgTw\/featured\">Fanimani<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 mnoho skv\u011bl\u00fdch vide\u00ed jednotliv\u011b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u010dt\u011bte finan\u010dn\u00ed, politick\u00e9 a insider kan\u00e1ly na Telegramu \u2014 tam informace p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed jako prvn\u00ed (po Twitteru ;-)).<\/p>\n<p>Seznam literatury a web\u016f se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na vybran\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch, proto v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch o r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u00edch naleznete dal\u0161\u00ed odkazy.<\/p>\n<p>\nPokud m\u00e1te zku\u0161enosti s investov\u00e1n\u00edm (pozitivn\u00ed nebo negativn\u00ed), pod\u011blte se v koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch o to, jak jste za\u010d\u00ednali, na co jste narazili a jestli jste to vzdali?<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/ruvds.com\/ru-rub\/?utm_source=habr&amp;utm_medium=article&amp;utm_campaign=caplin&amp;utm_content=novichkamfondovogorynka#order\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Nov\u00e1\u010dk\u016fm na akciov\u00e9m trhu: up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 rozhovory o obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/b7f3396af3b0a7dfd2630d8cd1cd9f14.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/ruvds\/blog\/500288\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0411\u043b\u043e\u0433 RUVDS \u043d\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0432\u0441\u0451: \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e JavaScript \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b, \u044f\u0445\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433, \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u044b\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0440\u0436\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e \u0447\u0451\u0442\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c: 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