{"id":83142,"date":"2020-05-29T01:41:57","date_gmt":"2020-05-28T23:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/servis-proverki-http-zagolovkov-servera"},"modified":"2020-05-29T01:41:57","modified_gmt":"2020-05-28T23:41:57","slug":"servis-proverki-http-zagolovkov-servera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/servis-proverki-http-zagolovkov-servera","title":{"rendered":"Slu\u017eba pro kontrolu HTTP hlavi\u010dek serveru","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pro ka\u017edou webovou str\u00e1nku je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u011b nastavit HTTP hlavi\u010dky. O hlavi\u010dk\u00e1ch bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f. Zde jsme shrnuli nabyt\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a dokumentaci RFC. N\u011bkter\u00e9 hlavi\u010dky jsou povinn\u00e9, n\u011bkter\u00e9 zastaral\u00e9 a n\u011bkter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et zmatek a rozpory. Vytvo\u0159ili jsme n\u00e1stroj pro <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/http.itsoft.ru\">automatickou kontrolu HTTP hlavi\u010dek webov\u00e9ho serveru<\/a><\/noindex>. Na rozd\u00edl od mnoha jin\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e9 pouze zobrazuj\u00ed hlavi\u010dky, tato slu\u017eba umo\u017e\u0148uje:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>nastavit hodnoty b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch hlavi\u010dek;<\/li>\n<li>p\u0159idat vlastn\u00ed voliteln\u00e9 hlavi\u010dky;<\/li>\n<li>uveden\u00ed verze HTTP protokolu: 1.0, 1.1, 2 (ov\u011b\u0159uje, zda je podporov\u00e1no HTTP\/2);<\/li>\n<li>uveden\u00ed metody \u017e\u00e1dosti, \u010dasov\u00e9ho limitu a dat postdata k odesl\u00e1n\u00ed na server;<\/li>\n<li>n\u00e1stroj tak\u00e9 testuje spr\u00e1vnost odpov\u011bd\u00ed na \u017e\u00e1dosti If-Modified-Since, If-None-Match, pokud je v odpov\u011bdi serveru zahrnut Last-Modified nebo ETag.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nNepopisujeme pravdu v posledn\u00ed instanci. Pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed obsah a pro jednotliv\u00e9 projekty mohou b\u00fdt odchylky. Ale tato slu\u017eba ur\u010dit\u011b nazna\u010d\u00ed, na co byste se m\u011bli zam\u011b\u0159it, mo\u017en\u00e1 bude u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 upravit sv\u00e9 hlavi\u010dky. D\u00e1le uv\u00e1d\u00edme seznam toho, na co se slu\u017eba kontroly zam\u011b\u0159uje. Pro\u010d, \u010dt\u011bte <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/search\/?q=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8#h\">v \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch na Habr<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<h2>Povinn\u00e9 hlavi\u010dky<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Date<\/li>\n<li>Content-Type s uveden\u00edm charset pro textov\u00fd obsah, ide\u00e1ln\u011b utf-8<\/li>\n<li>Content-Encoding komprese pro textov\u00fd obsah<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Zastaral\u00e9 a nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9 hlavi\u010dky<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Server s podrobnou verz\u00ed webov\u00e9ho serveru<\/li>\n<li>X-Power-By<\/li>\n<li>X_ASPNET-Version<\/li>\n<li>Expires<\/li>\n<li>Pragma<\/li>\n<li>P3P<\/li>\n<li>Via<\/li>\n<li>X-UA-Compatible<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 hlavi\u010dky pro bezpe\u010dnost<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>X-Content-Type-Options<\/li>\n<li>X-XSS-Protection<\/li>\n<li>Strict-Transport-Security<\/li>\n<li>Referrer-Policy<\/li>\n<li>Feature-Policy<\/li>\n<li>Content-Security-Policy nebo Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only pro z\u00e1kaz vlo\u017een\u00fdch skript\u016f a styl\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Hlavi\u010dky pro cachov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>\nJsou povinn\u00e9 pro statick\u00fd obsah s dlouh\u00fdm obdob\u00edm cachov\u00e1n\u00ed a velmi \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed pro dynamick\u00fd obsah s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm obdob\u00edm cachov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Last-Modified<\/li>\n<li>ETag<\/li>\n<li>Cache-Control<\/li>\n<li>Vary <\/li>\n<li>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby server spr\u00e1vn\u011b odpov\u00eddal na hlavi\u010dky: If-Modified-Since a If-None-Match<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>HTTP\/2<\/h2>\n<p>\nServer by m\u011bl nyn\u00ed podporovat HTTP\/2. Slu\u017eba ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159uje funk\u010dnost serveru pomoc\u00ed HTTP\/2. Pokud v\u00e1\u0161 server HTTP\/2 nepodporuje, vyberte HTTP\/1.1.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/504220\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c HTTP-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e RFC. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0437\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 HTTP-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442: \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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O hlavi\u010dk\u00e1ch bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f. 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