{"id":84629,"date":"2020-06-09T13:42:52","date_gmt":"2020-06-09T11:42:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/hci-gotovye-resheniya-dlya-postroeniya-gibkoj-korporativnoj-it-infrastruktury"},"modified":"2020-06-09T13:42:52","modified_gmt":"2020-06-09T11:42:52","slug":"hci-gotovye-resheniya-dlya-postroeniya-gibkoj-korporativnoj-it-infrastruktury","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/hci-gotovye-resheniya-dlya-postroeniya-gibkoj-korporativnoj-it-infrastruktury","title":{"rendered":"HCI: hotov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro v\u00fdstavbu flexibiln\u00ed podnikov\u00e9 IT infrastruktury","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V IT existuje koncept koncov\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f (End User Computing) \u2013 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed technika pro koncov\u00e9 u\u017eivatele. Jak, kde a \u010d\u00edm mohou takov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pomoci, jak\u00e1 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt? Podle sou\u010dasn\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f by zam\u011bstnanci cht\u011bli m\u00edt mo\u017enost bezpe\u010dn\u011b pracovat z jak\u00e9hokoli za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kdekoli. Technologick\u00e9 aspekty p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed a\u017e 30 % podn\u011bt\u016f pro anga\u017eovan\u00e9 zam\u011bstnance, uv\u00e1d\u00ed zpr\u00e1va Forrester (Employee Index). To je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd faktor pro p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed a udr\u017een\u00ed kvalifikovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 dostaly souhrnn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed EUC, pom\u00e1haj\u00ed sni\u017eovat n\u00e1klady a zjednodu\u0161ovat spr\u00e1vu pracovn\u00edch stanic.<\/p>\n

\"HCI:<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad je mo\u017en\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u011b instalovat nov\u00e9 aplikace, spravovat aktualizace a poskytovat opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016fm. A to se net\u00fdk\u00e1 pouze PC, ale i dal\u0161\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00fdch mohou z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k podnikov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edm a dat\u016fm kdekoli. Zejm\u00e9na lze realizovat koncept BYOD. <\/p>\n

Zam\u011bstnanci se v sou\u010dasnosti st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l mobiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. Pracuj\u00ed na d\u00e1lku, na r\u016fzn\u00fdch projektech, z r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed, \u010dasov\u00fdch p\u00e1sem a organizac\u00ed. Slu\u017eby nab\u00edzen\u00e9 dodavateli maj\u00ed zajistit flexibilitu p\u0159i reagov\u00e1n\u00ed na m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se pot\u0159eby zam\u011bstnanc\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"HCI:
\nPC: nev\u00fdhody tradi\u010dn\u00edho modelu.<\/i><\/p>\n

Ide\u00e1ln\u011b takov\u00e9 slu\u017eby umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed poskytovat u\u017eivatel\u016fm pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 zdroje, v\u010detn\u011b mo\u017enosti nech\u00e1vat je bez rozvoje a provozov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00ed IT infrastruktury (v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b cloudov\u00e9ho modelu), zvy\u0161ovat \u010di sni\u017eovat jejich objem na vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159ipojovat nov\u00e9 u\u017eivatele n\u011bkolika kliknut\u00edmi my\u0161i nebo pomoc\u00ed API, nebo je odstra\u0148ovat. Spr\u00e1vci maj\u00ed mo\u017enost mnohem jednodu\u0161eji spravovat u\u017eivatele, aplikace, obrazy a politiky. <\/p>\n

Data spole\u010dnosti nejsou uchov\u00e1v\u00e1na na u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, a je mo\u017en\u00e9 podrobn\u011b kontrolovat p\u0159\u00edstup k nim. Spole\u010dnosti s p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdmi regula\u010dn\u00edmi po\u017eadavky vol\u00ed EUC, aby vyhov\u011bly legislativn\u00edm norm\u00e1m pro finan\u010dn\u00ed sektor, maloobchod, zdravotnictv\u00ed, ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 organizace atd.<\/p>\n

V tradi\u010dn\u00edm modelu p\u0159edstavuje spr\u00e1va desktop\u016f zpravidla velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd \u00fakol. Nav\u00edc je to neefektivn\u00ed a drah\u00e9. P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch klientsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f m\u016f\u017ee zabrat hodn\u011b \u010dasu. O tom, \u017ee spr\u00e1va takov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jeho \u00fadr\u017eba s rostouc\u00edm po\u010dtem PC se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, ani nemluv\u011b. Dal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je aktualizace tohoto parku. 67% respondent\u016f pl\u00e1nuje m\u011bnit podnikov\u00e9 PC nejm\u00e9n\u011b jednou za t\u0159i roky, uv\u00e1d\u00ed se ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b Forrester (Analytics Global Business Technographics Infrastructure). Mezit\u00edm pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9, kdekoli se nach\u00e1z\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edstup k sv\u00fdm aplikac\u00edm a soubor\u016fm. <\/p>\n

Aby tuto v\u00fdzvu vy\u0159e\u0161ily, IT odd\u011blen\u00ed st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji zva\u017euj\u00ed EUC \u2014 soubor technologi\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch pro dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edch ploch, pro spr\u00e1vu a ochranu stoln\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, aplikac\u00ed a dat.<\/p>\n

\"HCI:
\nJak ukazuj\u00ed data pr\u016fzkum\u016f<\/a><\/noindex>, hlavn\u00edmi u\u017eivateli EUC jsou zdravotnictv\u00ed, finan\u010dn\u00ed sektor a ve\u0159ejn\u00fd sektor.<\/i><\/p>\n

Jak se zbavit nadm\u011brn\u00e9 slo\u017eitosti p\u0159i nasazen\u00ed EUC? Dnes dodavatel\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed ready-to-deploy \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed EUC, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b hardwarov\u011b-softwarov\u00e9 komplexy pro infrastrukturu VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) zalo\u017een\u00e9 na softwarech Citrix a VMware. Alternativn\u011b je tak\u00e9 nab\u00edzena cloudov\u00e1 slu\u017eba DaaS (Desktop as a Service).<\/p>\n

VDI<\/h3>\n

\nV posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed, p\u0159ehodnocuj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00edstup k EUC, se mnoho organizac\u00ed obr\u00e1tilo na prost\u0159ed\u00ed infrastruktury virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch pracovn\u00edch stanic (VDI). <\/p>\n

Pro\u010d spole\u010dnosti vol\u00ed VDI?<\/b><\/p>\n

Jednoduchost \u00fadr\u017eby.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

VDI zjednodu\u0161uje \u00fakoly administr\u00e1tor\u016fm, umo\u017e\u0148uje rychl\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed standardn\u00edch pracovn\u00edch stanic s pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm souborem aplikac\u00ed a nastaven\u00ed. Usnad\u0148uje spr\u00e1vu pracovn\u00edch stanic a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed licenc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Bezpe\u010dnost.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lze centr\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159i\u0159azovat a uplat\u0148ovat bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed politiky, spravovat p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ochrana firemn\u00edch dat.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Data nejsou ulo\u017eena na u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, ale v podnikov\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e nebo datov\u00e9m centru.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

U\u017eivatel dost\u00e1v\u00e1 vyhrazen\u00e9 zdroje (procesory, pam\u011b\u0165) a stabiln\u00ed v\u00fdkon pracovn\u00edho m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u011b bylo motivac\u00ed pro zaveden\u00ed VDI sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsto ve velk\u00fdch organizac\u00edch a po\u017eadavky na informa\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost. IT odd\u011blen\u00ed tak\u00e9 musela db\u00e1t na to, aby koncov\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 nem\u011bli probl\u00e9my s v\u00fdkonem p\u0159i p\u0159echodu z fyzick\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch stanic na virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed. Balancov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi n\u00e1klady a v\u00fdkonem se stalo jednou z nejobt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzev p\u0159i poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed efektivn\u00edch VDI platforem u\u017eivatel\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm unifikace software virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch pracovn\u00edch stanic p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00faspory na \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b, zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed neautorizovan\u00e9mu stahov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikac\u00ed nebo malware d\u00edky kontrolovan\u00fdm obraz\u016fm pro zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho je takov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1lovateln\u00e9 na podporu n\u011bkolika stovek nebo dokonce tis\u00edc\u016f u\u017eivatel\u016f. Je vhodn\u00e9 pro \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f nasazen\u00ed VDI a kategori\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f \u2013 od typick\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed po specialisty na 3D rendering. <\/p>\n

\"HCI:
\nPodle p\u0159edpov\u011bdi Maximize Market Research budou v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed tempo r\u016fstu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho trhu VDI p\u0159ekra\u010dovat 11 %, a do roku 2024 dos\u00e1hne objem 14,6 miliardy dolar\u016f.<\/i><\/p>\n

Jako jedna z nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch platforem pro nasazen\u00ed VDI nab\u00edz\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed hyperkonvergentn\u00ed syst\u00e9my. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b takov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro VDI vyvinuli Nutanix a Lenovo. <\/p>\n

Hyperkonvergentn\u00ed infrastruktura pro VDI<\/h3>\n

\nHyperkonvergentn\u00ed infrastruktura (HCI) se stala dal\u0161\u00edm krokem v evoluci datov\u00fdch center. Toto modul\u00e1rn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed spojuje servery, \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 komponenty a software pro virtualizaci, kter\u00fd je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za vytvo\u0159en\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho fondu a jeho rozd\u011blen\u00ed, zat\u00edmco softwarov\u011b definovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup dod\u00e1v\u00e1 hyperkonvergentn\u00edm syst\u00e9m\u016fm vlastnosti jako vysok\u00e1 flexibilita a \u0161k\u00e1lovatelnost podnikov\u00e9 IT infrastruktury. VDI je jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f vyu\u017eit\u00ed HCI.
\nPodle odhad\u016f IDC se r\u016fst investic do hyperkonvergentn\u00ed infrastruktury v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch p\u011bti letech zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed o v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 %. <\/p>\n

V\u00fdhody \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed HCI:<\/b><\/p>\n

Rychl\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Nasazen\u00ed infrastruktury za 2\u20133 hodiny.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Jednoduch\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00edmi bloky (uzly) za 15\u201320 minut.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Efektivn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00falo\u017en\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 kupovat samostatn\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, obvykle vy\u017eadovan\u00e9 s rezervou kapacity a v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed prostoj\u016f<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u0161echny funkce jsou pln\u011b distribuov\u00e1ny mezi komponenty platformy, co\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165uje vysokou dostupnost.<\/p>\n

\nHCI platformy se staly solidn\u00ed alternativou pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se servery, virtualiza\u010dn\u00edmi platformami a \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti, zejm\u00e9na pro vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 konfigurace.<\/p>\n

Sv\u00e1 HCI \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed prakticky v\u0161ichni velc\u00ed softwarov\u00ed a hardwarov\u00ed dodavatel\u00e9, v\u010detn\u011b Lenovo, Microsoft, Oracle a \u0159ady specializovan\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f. V Rusku jsou zn\u00e1my v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 projekty IBS a Kraftway na b\u00e1zi softwaru spole\u010dnosti \u201eRospatforma\u201c. <\/p>\n

\"HCI:
\nP\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f<\/a><\/noindex> trhu HCI podle c\u00edlov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. Zdroj: KBV Research.
\n<\/i>
\nSpole\u010dnost Nutanix vyvinula \u0161k\u00e1lovateln\u00e9 HCI \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch datov\u00fdch center, kter\u00e9 integruje serverov\u00e9 zdroje, \u00falo\u017en\u00fd syst\u00e9m a virtualizaci do jednotn\u00e9ho hardwarov\u00e9ho a softwarov\u00e9ho komplexu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 neomezen\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed uzl\u016f pro zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonu\/kapacity syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

\"HCI:
\nPodle IDC je n\u00e1klad na provoz \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed Nutanix za p\u011bt let o 60 % ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u klasick\u00e9 architektury IT.
\n<\/i>
\n\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed Nutanix z\u00edskalo n\u011bkolik presti\u017en\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch ocen\u011bn\u00ed a oborov\u00fdch cen v oblasti virtualizace a cloudov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f. Podle IDC, Nutanix v roce 2019 obsadil druh\u00e9 m\u00edsto na sv\u011btov\u00e9m trhu HCI syst\u00e9m\u016f s pod\u00edlem p\u0159es 20 % a na trhu HCI softwaru s pod\u00edlem p\u0159es 30 %.<\/p>\n

\"HCI:
\nMagick\u00fd kvadrant Gartneru za rok 2019 pro hyperkonvergentn\u00ed infrastrukturu (Magic Quadrant for Hyperconverged Infrastructure) ukazuje rozlo\u017een\u00ed sil mezi dodavateli \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro komplexn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu IT infrastruktury zalo\u017een\u00e9 na technologi\u00edch virtualizace \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165, s\u00edt\u00ed a server\u016f. Nutanix a VMware jdou \u201ehlava v hlavu\u201c.<\/i><\/p>\n

Validovan\u00e9 architektury na platform\u011b Lenovo ThinkAgile HX pro software VMware a Citrix
\n<\/h3>\n

\nLenovo nab\u00edz\u00ed dva varianty EUC \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b sv\u00e9 hyperkonvergentn\u00ed platformy Lenovo ThinkAgile HX a softwaru Nutanix: validovanou architekturu pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed VMware a Citrix.<\/p>\n

\"HCI:
\n EUC od Nutanix a Citrix na z\u00e1klad\u011b hyperkonvergentn\u00ed infrastruktury.<\/i><\/p>\n

V\u00fdhody \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed:<\/b><\/p>\n