{"id":85536,"date":"2020-06-17T01:42:33","date_gmt":"2020-06-16T23:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/otkazyvaemsya-ot-platnyh-rpa-platform-i-baziruemsya-na-opensource-openrpa"},"modified":"2020-06-17T01:42:33","modified_gmt":"2020-06-16T23:42:33","slug":"otkazyvaemsya-ot-platnyh-rpa-platform-i-baziruemsya-na-opensource-openrpa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/otkazyvaemsya-ot-platnyh-rpa-platform-i-baziruemsya-na-opensource-openrpa","title":{"rendered":"Odm\u00edt\u00e1me placen\u00e9 RPA platformy a zakl\u00e1d\u00e1me se na OpenSource (OpenRPA).","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"vvodnaya\">\u00davod<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>D\u0159\u00edve byl na Habr velmi podrobn\u011b rozebr\u00e1n t\u00e9ma <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/323962\/\">Automatizace desktopov\u00fdch GUI aplikac\u00ed v Pythonu.<\/a><\/noindex>V t\u00e9 dob\u011b m\u011b velmi zaujihl tento \u010dl\u00e1nek, proto\u017ee obsahuje prvky podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed robot\u016f. A proto\u017ee v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 profese se v\u011bnuji robotizaci obchodn\u00edch proces\u016f v firm\u011b (RPA - oblast, ve kter\u00e9 do ned\u00e1vna neexistovaly plnohodnotn\u00e9 OpenSource alternativy), toto t\u00e9ma pro m\u011b bylo velmi aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed IT \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v oblasti RPA (UI Path, Blueprism, Automation Anywhere a dal\u0161\u00ed) maj\u00ed 2 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Probl\u00e9m 1: Technick\u00e1 omezen\u00ed funk\u010dnosti platformy, proto\u017ee skripty robot\u016f jsou vytv\u00e1\u0159eny <u>pouze<\/u> v grafick\u00e9m rozhran\u00ed (ano, existuje mo\u017enost vol\u00e1n\u00ed programov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, ale tato mo\u017enost m\u00e1 \u0159adu omezen\u00ed).<\/li>\n<li>Probl\u00e9m 2: Extr\u00e9mn\u011b drah\u00e1 licen\u010dn\u00ed politika prodeje t\u011bchto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed (pro \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 platformy <u>asi 8000 $ za jednoho st\u00e1l\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka robota za rok).<\/u>Vytvo\u0159te si deset robot\u016f, abyste se dostali na ro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1kladovou \u010d\u00e1stku za licen\u010dn\u00ed poplatky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e je tento trh velmi mlad\u00fd a velmi aktivn\u00ed, ji\u017e nyn\u00ed snadno najdete v Googlu 10+ \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed robotizace s r\u016fznou cenovou politikou. Ale plnohodnotn\u00e9 OpenSource \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed bylo do ned\u00e1vna nemo\u017en\u00e9 nal\u00e9zt. Mluv\u00edme zde p\u0159esn\u011b o plnohodnotn\u00e9m OpenSource, proto\u017ee \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 svobodn\u00e9 robotizace naj\u00edt lze, ale nab\u00edzely pouze \u010d\u00e1st kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, na nich\u017e je zalo\u017eena koncepce RPA.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"na-chem-zhe-baziruetsya-koncepciya-rpa\">Na \u010dem vlastn\u011b stoj\u00ed koncepce RPA?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>RPA (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robotic_process_automation\">Robotic Process Automation<\/a><\/noindex>) \u2014 to je jedna z nejv\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle. RPA toti\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee se neodm\u00edtaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 legacy syst\u00e9my spole\u010dnosti, ale vytvo\u0159\u00ed se pot\u0159ebn\u00fd skript pro automatizaci na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto syst\u00e9m\u016f \u2014 to p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed u\u017eitek jak z hlediska rychlosti v\u00fdvoje (proto\u017ee nen\u00ed t\u0159eba p\u0159epracov\u00e1vat st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed zoo syst\u00e9m\u016f), tak z hlediska obchodn\u00edho v\u00fdsledku (\u00faspora <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Full-time_equivalent\">P\u0160E\/FTE,<\/a><\/noindex>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f spole\u010dnosti, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f spole\u010dnosti).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladem n\u00e1stroj\u016f RPA le\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed technologie:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de.<\/li>\n<li>spr\u00e1va otev\u0159en\u00fdch desktopov\u00fdch GUI aplikac\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed my\u0161\u00ed a kl\u00e1vesnic\u00ed (stisk kl\u00e1ves, kl\u00e1vesov\u00e9 zkratky, tla\u010d\u00edtka my\u0161i, p\u0159esun kurzoru);<\/li>\n<li>vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed grafick\u00fdch prvk\u016f na obrazovce pracovn\u00edho stolu pro dal\u0161\u00ed akce my\u0161\u00ed a\/nebo kl\u00e1vesnic\u00ed;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>D\u00edky mnohalet\u00fdm praktick\u00fdm zku\u0161enostem jsme dok\u00e1zali uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b tato sada technologi\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje robotizaci prakticky jak\u00e9hokoli obchodn\u00edho procesu, kde nen\u00ed po\u017eadov\u00e1n prvek rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed\/aplikace um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence (v t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipojit k robotu odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed knihovny dostupn\u00e9 ve st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b IT). <u>Nedostatek alespo\u0148 jednoho z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje mo\u017enosti RPA.<\/u><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ved-vse-instrumenty-rpa-mozhno-nayti-v-internete-chego-zhe-togda-ne-hvataet\">V\u017edy\u0165 v\u0161echny n\u00e1stroje RPA lze nal\u00e9zt na internetu. Co tedy chyb\u00ed?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Chyb\u00ed to nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2014 chyb\u00ed jejich celistvost. Celistvost, kter\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed realizovat synergick\u00fd efekt z pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f (web, gui, my\u0161, kl\u00e1vesnice) v jednom skriptu robota, co\u017e je mnohdy nezbytn\u00e9 (jak ukazuje praxe) p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tuto kl\u00ed\u010dovou mo\u017enost poskytuj\u00ed v\u0161echny p\u0159edn\u00ed RPA platformy, a nyn\u00ed tuto mo\u017enost za\u010dala poskytovat <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/UnicodeLabs\/OpenRPA\">prvn\u00ed OpenSource RPA platforma OpenRPA<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"kak-ustroena-openrpa\">Jak je OpenRPA strukturov\u00e1na?<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/UnicodeLabs\/OpenRPA\">OpenRPA<\/a><\/noindex> je OpenSource projekt na b\u00e1zi programovac\u00edho jazyka Python 3, kter\u00fd se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z nejlep\u0161\u00edch existuj\u00edc\u00edch python knihoven, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed realizovat pot\u0159ebn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj RPA platformy (seznam kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f RPA viz v\u00fd\u0161e).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Seznam kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch knihoven:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pywinauto;<\/li>\n<li>selenium;<\/li>\n<li>keyboard;<\/li>\n<li>pyautogui<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e v\u0161echny knihovny nev\u011bd\u00ed o existenci jedna druh\u00e9, v OpenRPA je implementov\u00e1na kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 funkce RPA platformy, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje jejich spole\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed. To se obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 projevuje p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed knihovny pywinauto pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed desktopov\u00e9 GUI aplikace. V t\u00e9to oblasti bylo provedeno dopln\u011bn\u00ed funkcionality knihovny na \u00farove\u0148, kterou nab\u00edzej\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed RPA platformy (selektory pro GUI aplikace, nez\u00e1vislost na rozli\u0161en\u00ed, studio pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed selektor\u016f atd.).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"zaklyuchenie\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Sou\u010dasn\u00fd sv\u011bt IT je dnes natolik otev\u0159en\u00fd pro v\u0161echny, \u017ee je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 si p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee st\u00e1le existuj\u00ed oblasti, kde dominuj\u00ed pouze placen\u00e1 licen\u010dn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee tato licen\u010dn\u00ed politika v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezuje rozvoj v t\u00e9to oblasti, douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se n\u00e1m poda\u0159\u00ed zm\u011bnit tuto situaci: aby si jak\u00e1koli spole\u010dnost mohla dovolit RPA; aby na\u0161i IT kolegov\u00e9 mohli snadno naj\u00edt pr\u00e1ci v RPA bez ohledu na ekonomickou situaci ve sv\u00fdch regionech (dnes si regiony se slabou ekonomikou nemohou dovolit RPA).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokud V\u00e1s toto t\u00e9ma zaujme, mohu v budoucnu p\u0159ipravit tutorial speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro Habra o pou\u017eit\u00ed OpenRPA \u2014 pi\u0161te do koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u0161em d\u011bkuji a p\u0159eji hezk\u00fd den!<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/506766\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0420\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 GUI \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 Python. \u0412 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0410 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044f \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 (RPA \u2014 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-85536","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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