{"id":86932,"date":"2020-07-01T19:42:05","date_gmt":"2020-07-01T17:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sravnenie-vdi-i-vpn-parallelnaya-realnost-kompanii-parallels"},"modified":"2020-07-01T19:42:05","modified_gmt":"2020-07-01T17:42:05","slug":"sravnenie-vdi-i-vpn-parallelnaya-realnost-kompanii-parallels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sravnenie-vdi-i-vpn-parallelnaya-realnost-kompanii-parallels","title":{"rendered":"Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed VDI a VPN \u2013 paraleln\u00ed realita spole\u010dnosti Parallels?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se pokus\u00edm srovnat dv\u011b zcela odli\u0161n\u00e9 technologie VDI a VPN. Nejsp\u00ed\u0161 jste vy a va\u0161e spole\u010dnost v d\u016fsledku pandemie, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s v b\u0159eznu tohoto roku p\u0159ekvapila, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli nutnosti pracovat z domova, ji\u017e u\u010dinili rozhodnut\u00ed, jak optim\u00e1ln\u011b zajistit pohodln\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro pr\u00e1ci va\u0161ich zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. <br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed VDI a VPN \u2013 paraleln\u00ed realita spole\u010dnosti Parallels?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/00e626ea4ead3b4a93cedc3004e7dc3b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nNa seps\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku m\u011b inspirovalo p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed srovn\u00e1vac\u00edho \"anal\u00fdzy\" dvou technologi\u00ed na blogu spole\u010dnosti Parallels \"<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.parallels.com\/blogs\/ras\/vpn-vs-vdi-what-should-you-choose\/\">VPN vs VDI \u2013 Co si vybrat?<\/a><\/noindex>a to je jeho neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1 jednostrannost, bez jak\u00e9koliv minim\u00e1ln\u00ed snahy o nestrannost. Prvn\u00ed odstavec textu se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u201ePro\u010d \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed VPN zastar\u00e1v\u00e1 \/ Why a VPN solution is becoming outdated\u201c, d\u00e1le v textu \u201ev\u00fdhody VDI \/ VDI advantages\u201c a \u201eomezen\u00ed VPN \/ VPN limitations\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce je p\u0159\u00edmo spjata s VDI \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi, zejm\u00e9na s produkty spole\u010dnosti Citrix. Tak\u017ee by mi m\u011blo toto zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku vyhovovat. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b takov\u00e1 zaujatost ve mn\u011b vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze odpor. V\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 kolegov\u00e9, je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed dvou technologi\u00ed vid\u011bt pouze nedostatky jedn\u00e9 a pouze v\u00fdhody druh\u00e9? Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se po takov\u00fdch \u00favah\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee br\u00e1t v\u00e1\u017en\u011b cokoliv, co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 a d\u011bl\u00e1 takov\u00e1 spole\u010dnost? Opravdu auto\u0159i takov\u00fdch \u201eanalytick\u00fdch\u201c \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f nikdy nenarazili na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 term\u00edny v IT, jako \u201euse case\u201c nebo \u201eit depends\u201c?<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdhody VDI podle Parallels:<\/h3>\n<p>\nPodtr\u017een\u00edm jsou vyzna\u010deny v \u010dl\u00e1nku uveden\u00e9 v\u00fdhody VDI (v m\u00e9m p\u0159ekladu) <\/p>\n<p><u>VDI poskytuje centralizovanou spr\u00e1vu dat.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>O jak\u00fdch konkr\u00e9tn\u011b datech mluv\u00edme? \u00dakol VDI spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmu desktopu. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"106\">VPN<\/a> pro p\u0159\u00edstup do firemn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad na firemn\u00ed SharePoint, budou data rovn\u011b\u017e \u0159\u00edzena centr\u00e1ln\u011b.<\/li>\n<li>Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee pokud je pod centralizovanou spr\u00e1vou dat ch\u00e1p\u00e1na u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 profily, pak je toto tvrzen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI poskytuje bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k pracovn\u00edm soubor\u016fm a aplikac\u00edm pomoc\u00ed modern\u00edch \u0161ifrovac\u00edch protokol\u016f.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>O \u010dem to mluv\u00edte, p\u00e1nov\u00e9? Jak\u00e9 jsou nov\u00e9 \u0161ifrovac\u00ed protokoly od Parallels? TLS 1.3? A co tedy VPN?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI nepot\u0159ebuje optimalizovanou \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku p\u00e1sma.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Opravdu? Pokud spr\u00e1vn\u011b ch\u00e1pu, pro Parallels RAS nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda m\u00e1 u\u017eivatel dva 4K 32\" monitory nebo jeden 15\" laptop? Tyto protokoly, jako ICA\/HDX (Citrix), Blast (VMware), byly p\u0159ece vyvinuty pr\u00e1v\u011b k optimalizaci \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky p\u00e1sma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Jeliko\u017e je VDI v datov\u00e9m centru, koncov\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli nen\u00ed t\u0159eba \"v\u00fdkonn\u00fd hardware\".<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Toto tvrzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pravdiv\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed Thin Clients, ale je naprosto abstraktn\u00ed a nezohled\u0148uje r\u016fzn\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e.<\/li>\n<li>Co se v roce 2020 pova\u017euje za v\u00fdkonn\u00fd hardware pro koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ipojen\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad tablety a chytr\u00e9 telefony.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Obecn\u011b platn\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed. Ale bu\u010fme up\u0159\u00edmn\u00ed, pokud se z tabletu d\u00e1 s n\u011bjakou n\u00e1mahou pracovat, pak ze smartphonu... Snad jen z n\u011bkter\u00fdch smartphonech s extern\u00edm monitorem.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce u\u017eivatele by m\u011bla b\u00fdt pohodln\u00e1 a nezra\u0148ovat jeho zrak. Nap\u0159\u00edklad j\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1m 28\" monitor, ale pl\u00e1nuji p\u0159ej\u00edt na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fahlop\u0159\u00ed\u010dku.<\/li>\n<li>Notebook je v sou\u010dasnosti nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem pro firemn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1m, \u017ee VPN klienti jsou dostupn\u00ed i pro tablety a chytr\u00e9 telefony.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI poskytuje p\u0159\u00edstup k aplikac\u00edm Windows z jin\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, jako jsou Mac a Linux.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee zde kolegov\u00e9 jednodu\u0161e ud\u011blali chybu a mluv\u00edme zde nikoli o VDI, ale o Hostovan\u00e9 aplikaci. <\/li>\n<li>Pokud jde o VPN, p\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdrobci, jako Cisco nebo CheckPoint, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nab\u00edzej\u00ed VPN klienty i pro Mac a Linux. Citrix tak\u00e9 nab\u00edz\u00ed VPN, v\u010detn\u011b sv\u00fdch VDI \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Nev\u00fdhody VDI<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>N\u00e1klady na nasazen\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>bude pot\u0159eba dal\u0161\u00ed hardware, spousta hardware. <\/li>\n<li>je nutn\u00fd n\u00e1kup dodate\u010dn\u00fdch licenc\u00ed, jak pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed infrastrukturu (Windows Server), tak pro samotn\u00e9 VDI (Windows 10 + Citrix CVAD, VMware Horizon nebo Parallels RAS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Slo\u017eitost \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 jen tak nainstalovat Windows 10, prohl\u00e1sit to za \"zlat\u00fd obraz\" a potom to jen rozmno\u017eit na X kopi\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159i projektov\u00e1n\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 zohlednit mnoho aspekt\u016f, po\u010d\u00ednaje geografickou polohou a kon\u010de posouzen\u00edm skute\u010dn\u00fdch pot\u0159eb u\u017eivatel\u016f (CPU, RAM, GPU, Disk, LAN, Software). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>VDI vs. HSD<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pro\u010d se diskutuje pouze o VDI, a ne o Hosted Shared Desktop nebo Hosted Shared Application? Tato technologie vy\u017eaduje v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b zdroj\u016f a je vhodn\u00e1 v 80 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Nev\u00fdhody VPN<\/h3>\n<p>\n<u>Nen\u00ed zde granularity kontroly pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>VPN klient m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt pom\u011brn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fd a granularn\u00ed mechanismus kontroly p\u0159\u00edstupu, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201eSystem Compliance Scanning, Policy Compliance Enforcement, End Point Analysis\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>Jeliko\u017e se \u010dl\u00e1nek t\u00fdk\u00e1 VDI, tak\u00e9 zde neexistuje zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 granularn\u00ed kontrola, v\u0161e je velmi jednoduch\u00e9, bu\u010f je p\u0159\u00edstup, nebo nen\u00ed. <\/li>\n<li>Objevily se ji\u017e analytick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 na z\u00e1klad\u011b dat o VPN a dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159ipojen\u00edch centr\u00e1ln\u011b sleduj\u00ed situaci a varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed nestandardn\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00edm u\u017eivatel\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u2013 nestandardn\u00ed nebo neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky p\u00e1sma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed data nejsou centralizov\u00e1na a jsou slo\u017eit\u00e1 na spr\u00e1vu.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ani VDI, ani VPN nejsou vytvo\u0159eny pro centralizovanou spr\u00e1vu korpor\u00e1tn\u00edch informac\u00ed. <\/li>\n<li>Nedok\u00e1\u017eu si p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee v seri\u00f3zn\u00ed firm\u011b jsou kritick\u00e9 informace na lok\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010di u\u017eivatele.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Vy\u017eaduje to vysokou \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku p\u00e1sma p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S t\u00edmto tvrzen\u00edm souhlas\u00edm pouze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b. V\u0161e z\u00e1vis\u00ed na specifik\u00e1ch pr\u00e1ce u\u017eivatele. Pokud sleduje 4K video p\u0159es firemn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165, pak jist\u011b. <\/li>\n<li>Skute\u010dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m je v tom, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00fd internetov\u00fd provoz vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f je sm\u011brov\u00e1n p\u0159es firemn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165. Mo\u017en\u00e1 bychom m\u011bli zkusit nastavit odd\u011blen\u00fd provoz. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Kone\u010dn\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli je pot\u0159eba dobr\u00e9 hardware.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Toto tvrzen\u00ed nen\u00ed zcela pravdiv\u00e9, proto\u017ee skute\u010dn\u00e1 spot\u0159eba zdroj\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na konfiguraci, ale je tak\u00e9 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. <\/li>\n<li>VDI klient tak\u00e9 spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 zdroje, a celkov\u011b v\u0161e z\u00e1vis\u00ed na intenzit\u011b pr\u00e1ce u\u017eivatele.<\/li>\n<li>Obecn\u011b se korpor\u00e1tn\u00edm u\u017eivatel\u016fm zaji\u0161\u0165uje kvalitn\u00ed vybaven\u00ed, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z rozumn\u00e9 doby pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00e1vratnosti. P\u0159i projektov\u00e1n\u00ed by n\u00e1klady na toto vybaven\u00ed m\u011bly b\u00fdt ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e n\u00e1klady na prostoj koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele. Nikdo do projektu nezahrnuje z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b \u0161patn\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k aplikac\u00edm Windows na jin\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u016fvod tohoto tvrzen\u00ed je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ten, \u017ee kolegov\u00e9 nev\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee VPN m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prakticky pro jakoukoli modern\u00ed platformu \u2013 Windows, Linux, MacOS, IOS, Android atd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Krit\u00e9ria ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed jednoho \u010di druh\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>Infrastruktura pro VDI<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee zast\u00e1nci VDI zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee pro VDI je pot\u0159eba zna\u010dn\u00e1 infrastruktura, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm servery a \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b. Takov\u00e1 infrastruktura nen\u00ed zadarmo. Jej\u00ed nasazen\u00ed vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dliv\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch komponent podle va\u0161eho konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p><b>Pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsto u\u017eivatele<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Na \u010dem by m\u011bl u\u017eivatel pracovat? Na sv\u00e9m osobn\u00edm notebooku nebo na firemn\u00edm, kter\u00fd si m\u016f\u017ee vz\u00edt dom\u016f? Mo\u017en\u00e1 mu dostate\u010dn\u011b vyhovuje tablet nebo tenk\u00fd klient?<\/li>\n<li>M\u016f\u017ee se u\u017eivatel p\u0159ipojit k firemn\u00ed s\u00edti ze sv\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de?<\/li>\n<li>Jak zajistit bezpe\u010dnost dom\u00e1c\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a spln\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f spole\u010dnosti?<\/li>\n<li>Jak je to s rychlost\u00ed internetov\u00e9ho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed u\u017eivatele (mo\u017en\u00e1 se o n\u011bj bude muset d\u011blit s dal\u0161\u00edmi \u010dleny rodiny)?<\/li>\n<li>Nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee ve va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 skupiny u\u017eivatel\u016f, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad prodejn\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed zvykl\u00e9 pracovat z domova, nebo odd\u011blen\u00ed technick\u00e9 podpory v call centru. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 aplikace pro pr\u00e1ci <\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak\u00e9 po\u017eadavky maj\u00ed hlavn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed aplikace u\u017eivatele?<\/li>\n<li>Webov\u00e9 aplikace, aplikace nainstalovan\u00e9 lok\u00e1ln\u011b, nebo ji\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te VDI, SHD, SHA?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Internet a dal\u0161\u00ed zdroje spole\u010dnosti<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u00e1 va\u0161e spole\u010dnost dostate\u010dnou \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku p\u00e1sma, aby obslou\u017eila v\u0161echny vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 u\u017eivatele?<\/li>\n<li>Pokud ji\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te VPN, zvl\u00e1dne va\u0161e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed?<\/li>\n<li>Pokud ji\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te VDI, SHD, SHA, je dostatek prost\u0159edk\u016f?<\/li>\n<li>Jak rychle budete moci zv\u00fd\u0161it pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 zdroje?<\/li>\n<li>Jak to bude s pln\u011bn\u00edm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f? Ti, kdo pracuj\u00ed z domova, nebudou moci splnit v\u0161echny bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed po\u017eadavky.<\/li>\n<li>Jak to bude s technickou podporou, zejm\u00e9na kdy\u017e se rozhodnete pro rychl\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed nov\u00e9 technologie pro u\u017eivatele?<\/li>\n<li>Mo\u017en\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te hybridn\u00ed cloudov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a budete moci p\u0159erozd\u011blit \u010d\u00e1st prost\u0159edk\u016f?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h3>\n<p>\nJak jste si mohli v\u0161imnout z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho, spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br technologi\u00ed je proces zalo\u017een\u00fd na pe\u010dliv\u00e9m zhodnocen\u00ed mnoha faktor\u016f. Jak\u00fdkoli IT specialista, kter\u00fd apriorn\u011b tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jedna technologie m\u00e1 nepopirateln\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, ukazuje pouze svou nekompetentnost. Nechal bych si uj\u00edt jakoukoliv diskusi s n\u00edm\u2026 <\/p>\n<p>V\u00e1\u017een\u00fd \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i, p\u0159eji v\u00e1m setk\u00e1n\u00ed pouze s kompetentn\u00edmi IT specialisty. 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