{"id":90288,"date":"2020-07-30T13:42:19","date_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-grub2-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-uefi-secure-boot"},"modified":"2020-07-30T13:42:19","modified_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:19","slug":"kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-grub2-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-uefi-secure-boot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-grub2-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-uefi-secure-boot","title":{"rendered":"Kritick\u00e1 zranitelnost v bootloaderu GRUB2, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje obej\u00edt UEFI Secure Boot","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V na\u010d\u00edtac\u00edm programu GRUB2 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openwall.com\/lists\/oss-security\/2020\/07\/29\/3\">odhaleno<\/a><\/noindex> 8 zranitelnost\u00ed. Nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kb.cert.org\/vuls\/id\/174059\">probl\u00e9m<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-10713\">CVE-2020-10713<\/a><\/noindex>), kter\u00e1 nese k\u00f3dov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no BootHole, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/eclypsium.com\/2020\/07\/29\/theres-a-hole-in-the-boot\/\">umo\u017e\u0148uje<\/a><\/noindex> obej\u00edt mechanismus UEFI Secure Boot a dos\u00e1hnout instalace neov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softwaru. Vlastnost\u00ed t\u00e9to zranitelnosti je, \u017ee k jej\u00edmu odstran\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 jen aktualizovat GRUB2, proto\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edt zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed m\u00e9dium se starou zranitelnou verz\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je ov\u011b\u0159ena digit\u00e1ln\u00edm podpisem. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk m\u016f\u017ee kompromitovat proces ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nejen Linuxu, ale i dal\u0161\u00edch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.msrc.microsoft.com\/en-US\/security-guidance\/advisory\/ADV200011\">Windows<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m lze vy\u0159e\u0161it pouze aktualizac\u00ed syst\u00e9mu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/uefi.org\/revocationlistfile\">seznamu odvolan\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f<\/a><\/noindex> (dbx, UEFI Revocation List), av\u0161ak v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dojde ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b mo\u017enosti pou\u017e\u00edvat star\u00e1 instala\u010dn\u00ed m\u00e9dia s Linuxem. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobci hardwaru ji\u017e za\u0159adili do sv\u00fdch firmware aktualizovan\u00fd seznam odvolan\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f, na takov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech bude mo\u017en\u00e9 v re\u017eimu UEFI Secure Boot spustit pouze aktualizovan\u00e9 verze distribuc\u00ed Linuxu. <\/p>\n<p>K odstran\u011bn\u00ed zranitelnosti v distribuc\u00edch bude tak\u00e9 nutn\u00e9 aktualizovat instal\u00e1tory, bootloadery, bal\u00ed\u010dky j\u00e1dra, fwupd firmware a shim vrstvu, a generovat pro n\u011b nov\u00e9 digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpisy. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 budou muset aktualizovat instala\u010dn\u00ed obrazy a dal\u0161\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed m\u00e9dia, a tak\u00e9 na\u010d\u00edst seznam odvolan\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f (dbx) do firmware UEFI. Do aktualizace dbx v UEFI z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 syst\u00e9m zraniteln\u00fd, a to i p\u0159i instalaci aktualizac\u00ed v OS. <\/p>\n<p>Zranitelnost <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/security\/vulnerabilities\/grub2bootloader\">byl zp\u016fsoben<\/a><\/noindex> p\u0159ete\u010den\u00edm bufferu, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017eito k proveden\u00ed libovoln\u00e9ho k\u00f3du b\u011bhem spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<br \/>\nZranitelnost se projevuje p\u0159i anal\u00fdze obsahu konfigura\u010dn\u00edho souboru grub.cfg, kter\u00fd je obvykle um\u00edst\u011bn v odd\u00edlu ESP (EFI System Partition) a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt editov\u00e1n \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 administr\u00e1torsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo k poru\u0161en\u00ed integrity podepsan\u00fdch spustiteln\u00fdch soubor\u016f shim a GRUB2. Kv\u016fli <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.gnu.org\/archive\/html\/grub-devel\/2020-07\/msg00019.html\">chyb\u011b<\/a><\/noindex> v k\u00f3du parseru konfigurace, se obslu\u017en\u00e1 rutina fat\u00e1ln\u00edch chyb parsov\u00e1n\u00ed YY_FATAL_ERROR pouze varovala, ale nezastavila program. Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed zranitelnosti se sni\u017euje t\u00edm, \u017ee je nutn\u00fd privilegovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup do syst\u00e9mu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b probl\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ve vy\u017eadov\u00e1n pro nasazen\u00ed skryt\u00fdch rootkit\u016f p\u0159i fyzick\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu k za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (p\u0159i mo\u017enosti zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z vlastn\u00edho m\u00e9dia).<\/p>\n<p>Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b Linuxov\u00fdch distribuc\u00ed se pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fd boot pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mal\u00e1 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=36077\">vrstva shim<\/a><\/noindex>, certifikovan\u00e1 digit\u00e1ln\u00edm podpisem Microsoftu. Tato vrstva ov\u011b\u0159uje GRUB2 vlastn\u00edm certifik\u00e1tem, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm distribuc\u00ed necertifikovat ka\u017edou aktualizaci j\u00e1dra a GRUB u Microsoftu. Zranitelnost umo\u017e\u0148uje zm\u011bnou obsahu grub.cfg dos\u00e1hnout proveden\u00ed vlastn\u00edho k\u00f3du ve f\u00e1zi po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed shim, ale p\u0159ed na\u010dten\u00edm opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se vkl\u00edn\u00ed do \u0159et\u011bzce d\u016fv\u011bry p\u0159i aktivn\u00edm re\u017eimu Secure Boot a z\u00edsk\u00e1 plnou kontrolu nad dal\u0161\u00edm procesem zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed jin\u00e9ho OS, modifikace komponent opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a obch\u00e1zen\u00ed ochrany <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51591\">Lockdown<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/EWWksJQKlwJyur1cBV5lCanfbF5m36DxRDQs8Ax6K9jn0Au5yWdmK5tQAtULQm-qQw9zOafCD1Pvny5vMJWdbhTr4FV9Qlnk_FQpXI6GbeiuKOjJ5uFMy9pnasLRsfR-Ll58p2Gr\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kritick\u00e1 zranitelnost v bootloaderu GRUB2, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje obej\u00edt UEFI Secure Boot\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/d8def940f6d08206bdf1261d57288fba.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed zranitelnosti v GRUB2:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14308\">CVE-2020-14308<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed bufferu kv\u016fli absenci kontroly velikosti p\u0159id\u011blovan\u00e9 pam\u011bti v grub_malloc;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14309\">CVE-2020-14309<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed v grub_squash_read_symlink, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k z\u00e1pisu dat mimo p\u0159id\u011blen\u00fd buffer;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14310\">CVE-2020-14310<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed v read_section_from_string, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k z\u00e1pisu dat mimo p\u0159id\u011blen\u00fd buffer;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14311\">CVE-2020-14311<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed v grub_ext2_read_link, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k z\u00e1pisu dat mimo p\u0159id\u011blen\u00fd buffer;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-15705\">CVE-2020-15705<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 umo\u017e\u0148uje spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed neov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch jader p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v re\u017eimu Secure Boot bez mezivrstvy shim;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-15706\">CVE-2020-15706<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 p\u0159\u00edstup k ji\u017e uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 oblasti pam\u011bti (use-after-free) p\u0159i p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed funkce za b\u011bhu;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-15707\">CVE-2020-15707<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed v obsluze velikosti initrd.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Byly vyd\u00e1ny aktualizace bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f s opravami pro <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.debian.org\/security\/2020-GRUB-UEFI-SecureBoot\/#package_updates\">Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/\/blog\/mitigating-boothole-theres-a-hole-in-the-boot-cve-2020-10713-and-related-vulnerabilities\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/security\/cve\/cve-2020-10713\">RHEL<\/a><\/noindex> a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.suse.com\/c\/suse-addresses-grub2-secure-boot-issue\/\">SUSE<\/a><\/noindex>. Pro GRUB2 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.gnu.org\/archive\/html\/grub-devel\/2020-07\/msg00034.html\">byla navr\u017eena<\/a><\/noindex> sada z\u00e1plat.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53454\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 GRUB2 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e 8 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 (CVE-2020-10713), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f BootHole, \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c UEFI Secure Boot \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u041e. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u0451 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c GRUB2, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":90289,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 GRUB2 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e 8 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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