{"id":91731,"date":"2020-08-17T19:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-08-17T17:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/nemnogo-o-smart-i-utilitah-dlya-monitoringa"},"modified":"2020-08-17T19:42:18","modified_gmt":"2020-08-17T17:42:18","slug":"nemnogo-o-smart-i-utilitah-dlya-monitoringa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/nemnogo-o-smart-i-utilitah-dlya-monitoringa","title":{"rendered":"N\u011bco m\u00e1lo o SMART a n\u00e1stroj\u00edch pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Na internetu je dostatek informac\u00ed o SMART a hodnot\u00e1ch atribut\u016f. Ale nikdy jsem nenarazil na zm\u00ednky o n\u011bkolika d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch aspektech, kter\u00e9 zn\u00e1m od lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00fdzkumem \u00falo\u017en\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e jsem znova vypr\u00e1v\u011bl zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu, pro\u010d by se \u00fadaj\u016fm SMART nem\u011blo bezv\u00fdhradn\u011b v\u011b\u0159it a pro\u010d nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 neust\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvat klasick\u00e9 \u201eSMART monitorovac\u00ed\u201c programy, p\u0159i\u0161la mi na mysl my\u0161lenka sepsat tyto my\u0161lenky v podob\u011b seznamu tez\u00ed s vysv\u011btlen\u00edm. Abych mohl odk\u00e1zat, m\u00edsto abych to poka\u017ed\u00e9 znovu vypr\u00e1v\u011bl. A pro sezn\u00e1men\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\n1) P\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed program\u016f pro automatick\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed atribut\u016f SMART je t\u0159eba postupovat s velkou opatrnost\u00ed.<\/b><\/p>\n

To, co zn\u00e1te jako atributy SMART, nen\u00ed ulo\u017eeno v p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 podob\u011b, ale generov\u00e1no v okam\u017eiku, kdy je po\u017eadujete. Vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed se na z\u00e1klad\u011b intern\u00ed statistiky, kter\u00e1 je shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1na a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na firmwarem \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b b\u011bhem jeho provozu. <\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1st t\u011bchto dat nen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funkce pot\u0159ebn\u00e1. A nen\u00ed ulo\u017eena, ale formov\u00e1na poka\u017ed\u00e9, kdy\u017e je to pot\u0159eba. Proto, kdy\u017e dojde k \u017e\u00e1dosti o atributy SMART, firmware spust\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch dat. <\/p>\n

Ale tyto procesy jsou \u0161patn\u011b kompatibiln\u00ed s procedurami prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdmi b\u011bhem zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b operacemi \u010dten\u00ed a z\u00e1pisu.<\/p>\n

V ide\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b by to nem\u011blo zp\u016fsobovat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Ale ve skute\u010dnosti, firmware pevn\u00fdch disk\u016f p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00ed lid\u00e9. Kte\u0159\u00ed mohou chybovat a chyby d\u011blaj\u00ed. Proto, pokud po\u017eadujete atributy SMART b\u011bhem aktivn\u00edho prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed operac\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed a z\u00e1pisu, v\u00fdrazn\u011b se zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee n\u011bco nebude v po\u0159\u00e1dku. Nap\u0159\u00edklad mohou b\u00fdt po\u0161kozena data v u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m \u010dtec\u00edm nebo zapisovac\u00edm vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edm pam\u011bti.<\/p>\n

Prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rizik nen\u00ed teoretick\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br, ale praktick\u00e1 observace. Nap\u0159\u00edklad je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 chyba, kter\u00e1 se vyskytla ve firmwaru HDD Samsung 103UI, kde b\u011bhem prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti o atributy SMART do\u0161lo k po\u0161kozen\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch dat.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee nenastavujte automatickou kontrolu SMART atribut\u016f. Pokud si nejste jisti, \u017ee p\u0159ed t\u00edm je zad\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edkaz pro vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00ed cache (Flush Cache). Nebo pokud se tomu nelze vyhnout, nastavte prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed kontroly co nejm\u00e9n\u011b. V mnoha monitorovac\u00edch programech je v\u00fdchoz\u00ed \u010das mezi kontrolami p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 minut. To je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto. Tyto kontroly stejn\u011b nejsou panaceou proti ne\u010dekan\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed pevn\u00e9ho disku (panaceou je pouze z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed). Jednou denn\u011b pova\u017euji za zcela dostate\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Dotaz na teplotu p\u0159i spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f atribut\u016f nevede a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bn \u010dasto. Proto\u017ee p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 implementaci se to prov\u00e1d\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm protokolu SCT. P\u0159es SCT se odes\u00edl\u00e1 pouze to, co je ji\u017e zn\u00e1mo. Tyto \u00fadaje se automaticky aktualizuj\u00ed na pozad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

2) \u00dadaje atribut\u016f SMART jsou \u010dasto nespolehliv\u00e9.<\/b><\/p>\n

Firmware pevn\u00e9ho disku v\u00e1m ukazuje to, co pova\u017euje za nutn\u00e9 uk\u00e1zat, a ne to, co se ve skute\u010dnosti d\u011bje. Nejv\u00edce ilustrativn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je 5. atribut, po\u010det znovu p\u0159id\u011blen\u00fdch sektor\u016f. Odborn\u00edk\u016fm na obnovu dat je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee pevn\u00fd disk m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v p\u00e1t\u00e9m atributu zobrazeno nulov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed realokac\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ve skute\u010dnosti existuj\u00ed a st\u00e1le se objevuj\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Polo\u017eil jsem ot\u00e1zku specialistovi, kter\u00fd studuje pevn\u00e9 disky a zkoum\u00e1 jejich firmwary. Zaj\u00edmalo m\u011b, jak\u00fd princip m\u00e1 firmware za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00fd rozhoduje, kdy skr\u00fdvat fakt znovu p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed sektor\u016f, a kdy o tom informovat prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm atribut\u016f SMART.<\/p>\n

Odpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 obecn\u00e9 pravidlo, podle kter\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ukazuje nebo skr\u00fdv\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00fd stav. A logika program\u00e1tor\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed firmwary pevn\u00fdch disk\u016f, ob\u010das vypad\u00e1 velmi podivn\u011b. P\u0159i studiu firmwar\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch model\u016f zjistil, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed \u201eskr\u00fdt nebo uk\u00e1zat\u201c je \u010dasto p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1no na z\u00e1klad\u011b souboru parametr\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u016fbec nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jak jsou mezi sebou spjaty a s zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmi zdroji pevn\u00e9ho disku.<\/p>\n

3) Interpretace SMART ukazatel\u016f je specifick\u00e1 pro v\u00fdrobce.<\/b><\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad na Sigeytech nen\u00ed t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat pozornost \"\u0161patn\u00fdm\" raw hodnot\u00e1m atribut\u016f 1 a 7, pokud ostatn\u00ed jsou v norm\u011b. U disk\u016f tohoto v\u00fdrobce mohou jejich absolutn\u00ed hodnoty b\u011bhem b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho provozu r\u016fst.<\/p>\n

\"N\u011bco
\n
\nPro hodnocen\u00ed stavu a zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eivotnosti pevn\u00e9ho disku se nejprve doporu\u010duje zam\u011b\u0159it se na parametry 5, 196, 197 a 198. Smysl m\u00e1 orientovat se pr\u00e1v\u011b na absolutn\u00ed, raw hodnoty, nikoli na p\u0159eveden\u00e9. P\u0159eveden\u00ed atribut\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bno nejasn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch algoritmech a firmwarech. <\/p>\n

Obecn\u011b, v prost\u0159ed\u00ed specialist\u016f na informa\u010dn\u00ed m\u00e9dia, kdy\u017e se mluv\u00ed o hodnot\u011b atributu, obvykle se m\u00edn\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b absolutn\u00ed hodnota.
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e SMART \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u043e \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e \u043e\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c SMART \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u041c\u0410\u0420\u0422\u0430\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":91732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47N\u011bco o SMART a utilit\u00e1ch pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed | ProHoster","description":"Na internetu je dostatek informac\u00ed o SMART a hodnot\u00e1ch 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