{"id":92249,"date":"2020-08-25T07:42:09","date_gmt":"2020-08-25T05:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/metodologiya-idef5-graficheskij-yazyk"},"modified":"2020-08-25T07:42:09","modified_gmt":"2020-08-25T05:42:09","slug":"metodologiya-idef5-graficheskij-yazyk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/metodologiya-idef5-graficheskij-yazyk","title":{"rendered":"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u00davod<\/h3>\n<p>\nTento \u010dl\u00e1nek je ur\u010den pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed o pojmu ontologie. Pokud nejste obezn\u00e1meni s ontologiemi, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v\u00e1m nebude jasn\u00fd \u00fa\u010del ontologi\u00ed a tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku konkr\u00e9tn\u011b. Doporu\u010duji se nejprve sezn\u00e1mit s t\u00edmto jevem, ne\u017e za\u010dnete \u010d\u00edst tento \u010dl\u00e1nek (mo\u017en\u00e1 posta\u010d\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek z Wikipedie).<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee <b>Ontologie<\/b> je podrobn\u00fd popis ur\u010dit\u00e9ho zkouman\u00e9ho oboru. Takov\u00fd popis by m\u011bl b\u00fdt vyj\u00e1d\u0159en v n\u011bjak\u00e9m jasn\u011b formulovan\u00e9m jazyce. K popisu ontologi\u00ed lze pou\u017e\u00edt metodologii IDEF5, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m arzen\u00e1lu 2 jazyky:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Sch\u00e9matick\u00fd jazyk IDEF5.<\/i> Tento jazyk je vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 grafick\u00e9 prvky.<\/li>\n<li><i>Textov\u00fd jazyk IDEF5.<\/i> Tento jazyk se p\u0159edstavuje jako strukturovan\u00fd text.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nV tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku bude diskutov\u00e1na prvn\u00ed varianta \u2014 sch\u00e9matick\u00fd jazyk. O textov\u00e9m se budeme bavit v dal\u0161\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Objekty <\/h3>\n<p>\nVe sch\u00e9matick\u00e9m jazyce, jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed grafick\u00e9 prvky. Nejd\u0159\u00edve by m\u011bly b\u00fdt prozkoum\u00e1ny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prvky tohoto jazyka.<\/p>\n<p>\u010casto se v ontologii pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jak zobecn\u011bn\u00e9 entity, tak konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed objekty. Zobecn\u011bn\u00e9 entity se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed <b>druhy<\/b>. Zobrazuj\u00ed se jako kruh s ozna\u010den\u00edm (n\u00e1zvem objektu) uvnit\u0159:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/598de95492bb9f071a2e4ee8d6a55a2b.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDruhy p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed souhrn jednotliv\u00fdch exempl\u00e1\u0159\u016f dan\u00e9ho druhu. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee druh jako \u201eAutomobily\u201c m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat celou souhrn jednotliv\u00fdch automobil\u016f. <br \/>\nJako <b>exempl\u00e1\u0159e<\/b> takov\u00e9ho druhu mohou vystupovat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed automobily, nebo jednotliv\u00e9 typy techniky, nebo jednotliv\u00e9 zna\u010dky. V\u0161echno z\u00e1vis\u00ed na kontextu, oboru a jeho \u00farovni podrobnosti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro opravnu aut budou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed automobily jako fyzick\u00e9 entity. Pro veden\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 statistiky o prodeji v autosalonu budou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed modely atd.<\/p>\n<p>Jednotliv\u00e9 exempl\u00e1\u0159e druh\u016f jsou ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny podobn\u011b jako samotn\u00e9 druhy, jen jsou ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny bodem v doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti kruhu:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/faeae77a9ba0d84e8e228976106aba1f.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nTak\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci diskuse o objektech je t\u0159eba zm\u00ednit takov\u00e9 objekty jako <b>procesy<\/b>. <\/p>\n<p>Pokud jsou typy a instance statick\u00e9 objekty (nem\u011bnn\u00e9 v \u010dase), pak jsou procesy dynamick\u00fdmi objekty. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee tyto objekty existuj\u00ed v p\u0159esn\u011b vymezen\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m \u00faseku. <\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9st objekt jako proces v\u00fdroby automobilu (kdy\u017e u\u017e mluv\u00edme o nich). Intuitivn\u011b je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee tento objekt existuje pouze b\u011bhem samotn\u00e9ho procesu v\u00fdroby dan\u00e9ho automobilu (p\u0159esn\u011b vymezen\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd \u00fasek). Je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee toto definov\u00e1n\u00ed je podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9, nebo\u0165 objekty jako automobil maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 svou \u017eivotnost, dobu trvanlivosti, existenci atd. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b se nebudeme zab\u00fdvat filosofi\u00ed a v r\u00e1mci v\u011bt\u0161iny obor\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ijmout, \u017ee instance, a u\u017e v\u016fbec ne typy existuj\u00ed nav\u017edy.<\/p>\n<p>Procesy jsou zn\u00e1zorn\u011bny jako obd\u00e9ln\u00edk s ozna\u010den\u00edm (n\u00e1zvem) procesu:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/67f29e749dd51fd35a26d9fe06d4554f.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nProcesy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v sch\u00e9matech p\u0159echodu jednoho objektu na jin\u00fd. O tom bude hovo\u0159eno d\u00e1le. <\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b proces\u016f se v takov\u00fdch sch\u00e9matech pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed <b>logick\u00e9 oper\u00e1tory<\/b>. Tady je to dost jednoduch\u00e9 pro ty, kdo znaj\u00ed predik\u00e1ty, booleovskou algebru nebo programov\u00e1n\u00ed. V IDEF5 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed t\u0159i hlavn\u00ed logick\u00e9 oper\u00e1tory:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>logick\u00e9 A (AND);<\/li>\n<li>logick\u00e9 NEBO (OR);<\/li>\n<li>exkluzivn\u00ed NEBO (XOR).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVe standardu IDEF5 (http:\/\/idef.ru\/documents\/Idef5.pdf \u2014 v\u011bt\u0161ina informac\u00ed z tohoto zdroje) je definov\u00e1no vyobrazen\u00ed logick\u00fdch oper\u00e1tor\u016f jako mal\u00e9 kruhy (ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s typy a instancemi) s ozna\u010den\u00edm ve form\u011b symbol\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v navrhovan\u00e9m grafick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed IDEF5 jsme se od tohoto pravidla odch\u00fdlili z mnoha d\u016fvod\u016f. Jeden z nich \u2014 slo\u017eit\u00e1 identifikace t\u011bchto oper\u00e1tor\u016f. Proto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me textov\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed oper\u00e1tor\u016f s identifika\u010dn\u00edm \u010d\u00edslem:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/a8d91ba41ceca888f9f2035cfb3ddf75.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSnad s objekty t\u00edmto skon\u010d\u00edme.<\/p>\n<h3>Vztahy<\/h3>\n<p>\nMezi objekty existuj\u00ed vztahy, kter\u00e9 v ontologii znamenaj\u00ed pravidla, kter\u00e1 ur\u010duj\u00ed interakci mezi objekty a z nich\u017e vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry. <\/p>\n<p>Obvykle jsou vztahy definov\u00e1ny typem sch\u00e9matu, kter\u00e9 se v ontologii pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. <b>Sch\u00e9ma<\/b> \u2014 je to souhrn objekt\u016f ontologie a vztah\u016f mezi nimi. Rozli\u0161ujeme n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed hlavn\u00ed typy sch\u00e9mat:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sch\u00e9mata kompozice.<\/li>\n<li>Sch\u00e9mata klasifikace.<\/li>\n<li>Sch\u00e9mata p\u0159echod\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Funk\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9mata.<\/li>\n<li>Kombinovan\u00e9 sch\u00e9mata.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\nTak\u00e9 se n\u011bkdy vy\u010dle\u0148uj\u00ed takov\u00e9 typy sch\u00e9mat jako <b>existenci\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/b>. Existenci\u00e1ln\u00edm sch\u00e9matem se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 souhrn objekt\u016f bez vztah\u016f. Takov\u00e1 sch\u00e9mata jednodu\u0161e ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee v ur\u010dit\u00e9 tematick\u00e9 oblasti existuje ur\u010dit\u00e1 sada objekt\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>A nyn\u00ed si postupn\u011b p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme ka\u017ed\u00fd z typ\u016f sch\u00e9mat.<\/p>\n<h4>Kompozi\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9mata<\/h4>\n<p>\n Tento typ sch\u00e9mat se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9ho objektu, syst\u00e9mu, struktury atd. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou sou\u010d\u00e1sti automobilu. V nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm slo\u017een\u00ed se automobil skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z karoserie a p\u0159evodovky. Karoserie se d\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00ed na r\u00e1m, dve\u0159e a dal\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti. Toto dekompozice m\u016f\u017ee pokra\u010dovat d\u00e1le - v\u0161e z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00e9 \u00farovni detailu v t\u00e9to konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u00faloze. P\u0159\u00edklad takov\u00e9ho sch\u00e9matu:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/3179b2fde64d134b63ce005b378181d2.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nVztahy kompozice se zobrazuj\u00ed ve form\u011b \u0161ipky s hrotem na konci (na rozd\u00edl nap\u0159\u00edklad od vztahu klasifikace, kde je hrot na za\u010d\u00e1tku \u0161ipky, podrobn\u011bji d\u00e1le). Takov\u00e9 vztahy mohou b\u00fdt podeps\u00e1ny \u0161t\u00edtkem, jak je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bno na obr\u00e1zku (\u010d\u00e1st). <\/p>\n<h4>Klasifika\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9mata<\/h4>\n<p>\nKlasifika\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9mata maj\u00ed za \u00fakol vyj\u00e1d\u0159it definici druh\u016f, jejich poddruh\u016f a exempl\u00e1\u0159\u016f druh\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad automobily mohou b\u00fdt osobn\u00ed a n\u00e1kladn\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee druh \u201eAutomobil\u201c m\u00e1 dva poddruhy. VAZ-2110 je konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed exempl\u00e1\u0159 poddruhu \u201eOsobn\u00ed automobil\u201c, zat\u00edmco GAZ-3307 je exempl\u00e1\u0159 poddruhu \u201eN\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobil\u201c:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9e79f61d971245d5854e2e53c7375bff.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nVztahy v klasifika\u010dn\u00edch sch\u00e9matech (poddruh nebo konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed exempl\u00e1\u0159) maj\u00ed podobu \u0161ipky s hrotem na za\u010d\u00e1tku a, stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b kompozi\u010dn\u00edch sch\u00e9mat, mohou m\u00edt \u0161t\u00edtek s ozna\u010den\u00edm vztahu.<\/p>\n<h4>P\u0159echodov\u00e1 sch\u00e9mata<\/h4>\n<p>\nSch\u00e9mata tohoto typu jsou nezbytn\u00e1 pro zobrazen\u00ed proces\u016f p\u0159echodu objekt\u016f z jednoho stavu do druh\u00e9ho pod vlivem ur\u010dit\u00e9ho procesu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad po procesu lakov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dervenou barvou se \u010dern\u00e9 auto zm\u011bn\u00ed na \u010derven\u00e9:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/f06af4c997006c9b89ec8c302d83a6c0.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nVztah p\u0159echodu se ozna\u010duje \u0161ipkou s hrotem na konci a s kruhem uprost\u0159ed. Jak je vid\u011bt ze sch\u00e9matu, procesy se vztahuj\u00ed k vztah\u016fm, nikoli k objekt\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b obvykl\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu, kter\u00fd je zobrazen na obr\u00e1zku, existuje i p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd p\u0159echod. Ten se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy p\u0159echod v dan\u00e9 situaci nen\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u00fd, ale je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ho zd\u016fraznit. Nap\u0159\u00edklad mont\u00e1\u017e zp\u011btn\u00e9ho zrc\u00e1tka na automobil nen\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed operac\u00ed, pokud se proces mont\u00e1\u017ee automobilu posuzuje celkov\u011b. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je t\u0159eba tuto operaci vyzdvihnout:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/5c203f5b48e09a8678815dd116813e4c.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nP\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd p\u0159echod je ozna\u010den analogicky jako obvykl\u00fd p\u0159echod, s v\u00fdjimkou dvojit\u00e9ho hrotu na konci.<\/p>\n<p>Obvykl\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 p\u0159echody mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny jako okam\u017eit\u00e9. Pro tento \u00fa\u010del se do centr\u00e1ln\u00edho kruhu p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 troj\u00faheln\u00edk. Okam\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159echody se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy je doba p\u0159echodu tak kr\u00e1tk\u00e1, \u017ee je v r\u00e1mci zva\u017eovan\u00e9 oblasti (krat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e minim\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd \u00fasek) zcela zanedbateln\u00e1. <br \/>\nNap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i jak\u00e9mkoli drobn\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed automobilu je mo\u017en\u00e9 ho pova\u017eovat za po\u0161kozen\u00fd a jeho cena rychle kles\u00e1. V\u011bt\u0161ina po\u0161kozen\u00ed v\u0161ak nast\u00e1v\u00e1 okam\u017eit\u011b, na rozd\u00edl od st\u00e1rnut\u00ed a opot\u0159eben\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/c533039baee63f983cad5901838dcf76.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV p\u0159\u00edkladu je zobrazen p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd p\u0159echod, ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 pou\u017eit obvykl\u00fd p\u0159echod jako okam\u017eit\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h4>Funk\u010dn\u00ed diagramy<\/h4>\n<p>\nTyto diagramy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed struktury interakce mezi objekty. Nap\u0159\u00edklad automechanik prov\u00e1d\u00ed \u00fadr\u017ebu automobil\u016f a mana\u017eer autoservisu p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 objedn\u00e1vky na opravy a p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 je automechanikovi:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/303dbe641fb97ec6ee3ac097384ebde5.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nFunk\u010dn\u00ed vztahy jsou zobrazeny p\u0159\u00edmkou bez hrotu, ale n\u011bkdy s uveden\u00edm \u0161t\u00edtku, kter\u00fd ozna\u010duje n\u00e1zev vztahu.<\/p>\n<h4>Kombinovan\u00e9 diagramy<\/h4>\n<p>\nKombinovan\u00e9 diagramy jsou kombinac\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve uveden\u00fdch diagram\u016f. V\u011bt\u0161ina diagram\u016f v metodologii IDEF5 je kombinovan\u00fdch, proto\u017ee ontologie, kter\u00e9 by pou\u017e\u00edvaly pouze jeden typ diagramu, se vyskytuj\u00ed z\u0159\u00eddka. <\/p>\n<p>Ve v\u0161ech diagramech se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed logick\u00e9 oper\u00e1tory. D\u00edky jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed lze realizovat vztahy mezi t\u0159emi, \u010dty\u0159mi a v\u00edce objekty. Logick\u00fd oper\u00e1tor m\u016f\u017ee vyjad\u0159ovat n\u011bjakou obecnou entitu, nad kterou se prov\u00e1d\u00ed proces nebo kter\u00e1 se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed jin\u00e9ho vztahu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad je mo\u017en\u00e9 slou\u010dit p\u0159edchoz\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady do jednoho n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/6a8eb8f729a0bd20c4ff8b0f94a7a13d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se v kombinovan\u00e9 sch\u00e9m\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sch\u00e9ma kompozice (zrcadlo + auto bez zrcadla = auto se zrcadlem) a sch\u00e9ma p\u0159echodu (auto se zrcadlem pod vlivem procesu lakov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dervenou barvou se st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010derven\u00fdm autem). P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e auto se zrcadlem nen\u00ed v\u00fdslovn\u011b vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno \u2014 m\u00edsto toho se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 logick\u00fd oper\u00e1tor A.<\/p>\n<h4>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h4>\n<p>\nV tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku jsem se pokusil popsat hlavn\u00ed objekty a vztahy v metodologii IDEF5. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad jsem pou\u017eil oblast souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s automobily, proto\u017ee na jejich p\u0159\u00edkladu bylo mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed stav\u011bt sch\u00e9mata. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b sch\u00e9mata IDEF5 mohou b\u00fdt pou\u017eita i v jak\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 oblasti znalost\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Ontologie a anal\u00fdza znalost\u00ed o tematick\u00e9 oblasti jsou pom\u011brn\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdmi a \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdmi t\u00e9maty. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v r\u00e1mci IDEF5 to nen\u00ed tak slo\u017eit\u00e9, alespo\u0148 z\u00e1klady t\u00e9to problematiky se osvoj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b snadno. C\u00edlem m\u00e9ho \u010dl\u00e1nku je p\u0159il\u00e1kat nov\u00e9 publikum k probl\u00e9mu anal\u00fdzy znalost\u00ed, i kdy\u017e za pomoci tak primitivn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje IDEF5, jako je grafick\u00fd jazyk. <\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m grafick\u00e9ho jazyka spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee pomoc\u00ed n\u011bj nelze dostate\u010dn\u011b jasn\u011b formulovat n\u011bkter\u00e9 vztahy (axiomy) ontologie. K tomu je ur\u010den textov\u00fd jazyk IDEF5. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1zi m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt grafick\u00fd jazyk velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd pro formulaci z\u00e1kladn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f na ontologii a ur\u010den\u00ed sm\u011bru v\u00fdvoje podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ontologie v textov\u00e9m jazyce IDEF5 nebo v jin\u00e9m n\u00e1stroji.<\/p>\n<p>Douf\u00e1m, \u017ee tento \u010dl\u00e1nek bude u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky v t\u00e9to oblasti, mo\u017en\u00e1 i pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed se dlouho zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed ot\u00e1zkami ontologick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy. Ve\u0161ker\u00fd hlavn\u00ed materi\u00e1l tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku byl p\u0159elo\u017een a interpretov\u00e1n z normy IDEF5, na kterou jsem se odkazoval d\u0159\u00edve (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/idef.ru\/documents\/Idef5.pdf\">opakov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex>). Tak\u00e9 jsem se inspiroval skv\u011blou knihou od autor\u016f z NOU INTUIT (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intuit.ru\/goods_store\/ebooks\/8399\">odkaz na jejich knihu<\/a><\/noindex>).<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/516244\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0412\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0442\u043e, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u0412\u0430\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0441\u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 (\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u0441 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438). [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":92250,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-92249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/metodologiya-idef5-graficheskij-yazyk\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f IDEF5. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/metodologiya-idef5-graficheskij-yazyk\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-08-25T05:42:09+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-08-25T05:42:09+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Metodologie IDEF5. Grafick\u00fd jazyk | ProHoster","description":"\u00davod Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je ur\u010den t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou se z\u00e1kladn\u00edm pojmem ontologie alespo\u0148 trochu obezn\u00e1meni.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/metodologiya-idef5-graficheskij-yazyk","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"cs_CZ","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f IDEF5. \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/metodologiya-idef5-graficheskij-yazyk","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2020-08-25T05:42:09+00:00","article:modified_time":"2020-08-25T05:42:09+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"92249","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-02-28 12:12:27","updated":"2022-10-01 20:38:53","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92249"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92249\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/92250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}