{"id":93358,"date":"2020-09-06T07:42:57","date_gmt":"2020-09-06T05:42:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitorim-sportmaster-kak-i-chem"},"modified":"2020-09-06T07:42:57","modified_gmt":"2020-09-06T05:42:57","slug":"monitorim-sportmaster-kak-i-chem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitorim-sportmaster-kak-i-chem","title":{"rendered":"Monitorujeme Sportmaster \u2014 jak a \u010d\u00edm","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed monitorovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu jsme za\u010dali p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let u\u017e p\u0159i zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed produktov\u00fdch t\u00fdm\u016f. Bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee na\u0161e \u010dinnost \u2013 provoz \u2013 se do t\u011bchto t\u00fdm\u016f nijak nedost\u00e1v\u00e1. Pro\u010d tomu tak je?<\/p>\n<p>Jde o to, \u017ee v\u0161echny na\u0161e t\u00fdmy jsou postaveny kolem jednotliv\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, mikroslu\u017eeb a front-end\u016f, a proto celkov\u00fd zdravotn\u00ed stav cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu t\u00fdmy nevid\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad nemus\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bt, jak n\u011bjak\u00e1 mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st v pozad\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje front-end. Jejich z\u00e1jem je omezen na syst\u00e9my, s kter\u00fdmi je jejich syst\u00e9m integrov\u00e1n. Pokud nen\u00ed t\u00fdm a jeho slu\u017eba A t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 spojena se slu\u017ebou B, pak je tato slu\u017eba pro t\u00fdm t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neviditeln\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/sportmaster_lab\/blog\/517678\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitorujeme Sportmaster \u2014 jak a \u010d\u00edm\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/393621991a8997d449cb3adec71b6af5.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161e t\u00fdm v\u0161ak pracuje se syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jsou mezi sebou siln\u011b integrov\u00e1ny: mezi nimi je spousta vazeb, je to velk\u00e1 infrastruktura. A na v\u0161ech t\u011bchto syst\u00e9mech (kter\u00fdch m\u00e1me, mimochodem, obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed) z\u00e1vis\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed internetov\u00e9ho obchodu. <\/p>\n<p>A tak to vypad\u00e1, \u017ee na\u0161e odd\u011blen\u00ed nepat\u0159\u00ed k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu t\u00fdmu, ale je trochu stranou. V t\u00e9to situaci je na\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem ch\u00e1pat komplexn\u011b, jak informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my funguj\u00ed, jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed funkce, integrace, software, s\u00edt\u011b, hardware a jak to v\u0161e spolu souvis\u00ed.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nPlatforma, na kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed na\u0161e internetov\u00e9 obchody, vypad\u00e1 takto:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>front<\/li>\n<li>middle-office<\/li>\n<li>back-office<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA\u0165 chceme nebo ne, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, aby v\u0161echny syst\u00e9my fungovaly hladce a bezchybn\u011b. Op\u011bt jde o po\u010det syst\u00e9m\u016f a integrac\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159i takov\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed, jak\u00e9 m\u00e1me, jsou n\u011bjak\u00e9 incidenty nevyhnuteln\u00e9, a to i p\u0159i kvalitn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed. A to jak uvnit\u0159 jednotliv\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, tak z hlediska jejich integrace. Je t\u0159eba sledovat stav cel\u00e9 platformy komplexn\u011b a ne pouze n\u011bjak\u00e9 jej\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti. <\/p>\n<p>Ide\u00e1ln\u011b by m\u011blo b\u00fdt sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho stavu cel\u00e9 platformy automatizov\u00e1no. A do\u0161li jsme k monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed jako nezbytn\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti tohoto procesu. P\u016fvodn\u011b bylo postaveno pouze pro front-end, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jednotliv\u00e9 monitorovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my pro vrstvy m\u011bly a maj\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i, spr\u00e1vci softwaru a hardware. Tito lid\u00e9 sledovali monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed pouze na sv\u00e9 \u00farovni, komplexn\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ak nikdo nem\u011bl.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud dojde k p\u00e1du virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho stroje, v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech o tom v\u00ed pouze administr\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za hardware a virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj. Front-end t\u00fdm v takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech vid\u011bl pouze fakt p\u00e1du aplikace, ale nem\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o p\u00e1du virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho stroje. Administr\u00e1tor v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee v\u011bd\u011bt, kdo je z\u00e1kazn\u00edk, a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b si p\u0159edstavit, co pr\u00e1v\u011b na tomto virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji b\u011b\u017e\u00ed, za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o n\u011bjak\u00fd velk\u00fd projekt. O mal\u00fdch projektech pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nev\u00ed. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se administr\u00e1tor mus\u00ed obr\u00e1tit na vlastn\u00edka, aby se zeptal, co na tomto stroji bylo, co je t\u0159eba obnovit a co zm\u011bnit. A pokud se n\u011bco opravdu v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho pokazilo, za\u010dala by se b\u011bhat dokola - proto\u017ee nikdo nevid\u011bl syst\u00e9m jako celek.<\/p>\n<p>Nakonec tyto rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed cel\u00fd front-end, u\u017eivatele a na\u0161i hlavn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed funkci - internetov\u00fd prodej. Proto\u017ee se nezapojujeme do t\u00fdm\u016f, ale zab\u00fdv\u00e1me se provozem v\u0161ech e-commerce aplikac\u00ed v r\u00e1mci internetov\u00e9ho obchodu, vzali jsme si na starost vytvo\u0159en\u00ed komplexn\u00edho monitorovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu pro e-commerce platformu. <\/p>\n<h2>Struktura syst\u00e9mu a technologie<\/h2>\n<p>\nZa\u010dali jsme t\u00edm, \u017ee jsme definovali n\u011bkolik \u00farovn\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed pro na\u0161e syst\u00e9my, ve kter\u00fdch budeme pot\u0159ebovat sb\u00edrat metriky. A to v\u0161e bylo nutn\u00e9 spojit, co\u017e jsme ud\u011blali v prvn\u00edm kroku. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b na tomto kroku vylep\u0161ujeme co nejkvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sb\u011br metrik ve v\u0161ech na\u0161ich \u00farovn\u00edch, abychom mohli vybudovat korelaci a pochopit, jak na sebe syst\u00e9my navz\u00e1jem p\u016fsob\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nedostatek komplexn\u00edho monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed aplikac\u00ed (proto\u017ee jsme za\u010dali jeho budov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina syst\u00e9m\u016f byla v provozu) vedl k tomu, \u017ee n\u00e1m vznikl zna\u010dn\u00fd technick\u00fd dluh ve nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9 platformy. Zam\u011b\u0159it se na nastaven\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed jedn\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9mu a podrobn\u011b jej zpracov\u00e1vat jsme si nemohli dovolit, proto\u017ee ostatn\u00ed syst\u00e9my by n\u011bjakou dobu z\u016fstaly bez monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to situace jsme definovali seznam nejpot\u0159ebn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch metrik pro hodnocen\u00ed stavu informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu podle vrstev a za\u010dali jej zav\u00e1d\u011bt.<\/p>\n<p>Proto jsme se rozhodli pojmout slona po \u010d\u00e1stech.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1\u0161 syst\u00e9m se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>hardware; <\/li>\n<li>opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu; <\/li>\n<li>software; <\/li>\n<li>UI prvky v aplikaci pro monitoring; <\/li>\n<li>obchodn\u00ed metriky; <\/li>\n<li>integra\u010dn\u00ed aplikace; <\/li>\n<li>informa\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti; <\/li>\n<li>s\u00edt\u011b; <\/li>\n<li>balanceru provozu. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitorujeme Sportmaster \u2014 jak a \u010d\u00edm\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/687a5b8b39b3fd540a9b591f49a019d3.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV centru tohoto syst\u00e9mu je samotn\u00fd monitoring. Abychom mohli obecn\u011b pochopit stav cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, mus\u00edme v\u011bd\u011bt, co se d\u011bje s aplikacemi na v\u0161ech t\u011bchto vrstv\u00e1ch a v r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed aplikac\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee, o stacku. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitorujeme Sportmaster \u2014 jak a \u010d\u00edm\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/b9a9b86d788990899e7f04e34fb879d9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me software s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem. V centru m\u00e1me Zabbix, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako syst\u00e9m alertingu. Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro monitoring infrastruktury. Co to zahrnuje? P\u0159esn\u011b ty n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9 metriky, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, je\u017e vlastn\u00ed sv\u00e9 datov\u00e9 centrum (a Sportmaster m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed datov\u00e1 centra) \u2014 teplota serveru, stav pam\u011bti, RAIDu, metriky s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Integrujeme Zabbix s messengerem Telegram a Microsoft Teams, kter\u00e9 jsou aktivn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny v t\u00fdmech. Zabbix pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 vrstvu skute\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, hardwaru a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b softwaru, ale to nen\u00ed v\u0161el\u00e9kem. Tyto \u00fadaje obohacujeme z n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch slu\u017eeb. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, co se t\u00fd\u010de \u00farovn\u011b hardwaru, p\u0159\u00edmo se p\u0159ipojujeme k na\u0161emu syst\u00e9mu virtualizace p\u0159es API a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me data. <\/p>\n<p>Co je\u0161t\u011b. Krom\u011b Zabbixu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me Prometheus, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje monitorovat metriky v aplikaci dynamick\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edsk\u00e1vat metriky aplikace p\u0159es HTTP endpoint a nemuset se ob\u00e1vat, jak\u00e9 metriky do n\u00ed nahr\u00e1vat a jak\u00e9 ne. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto dat m\u016f\u017eeme prov\u00e1d\u011bt analytick\u00e9 dotazy.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroje dat pro ostatn\u00ed vrstvy, nap\u0159\u00edklad obchodn\u00ed metriky, d\u011bl\u00edme na t\u0159i slo\u017eky.<\/p>\n<p>Za prv\u00e9, extern\u00ed obchodn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, Google Analytics, sb\u00edr\u00e1me metriky z log\u016f. Z nich z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me \u00fadaje o aktivn\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u00edch, konverz\u00edch a v\u0161ech dal\u0161\u00edch aspektech spojen\u00fdch s podnik\u00e1n\u00edm. Za druh\u00e9, to je syst\u00e9m UI monitoringu. O n\u011bm bychom se m\u011bli podrobn\u011bji zm\u00ednit.<\/p>\n<p>Jednou jsme za\u010d\u00ednali s manu\u00e1ln\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm a to se p\u0159erodilo v automatizovan\u00e9 testy funkcionality a integrac\u00ed. Z toho jsme vytvo\u0159ili monitoring, ponechali pouze z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funkcionalitu a zam\u011b\u0159ili se na zna\u010dky, kter\u00e9 jsou co nejstabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu se \u010dasto nem\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nov\u00e1 struktura t\u00fdm\u016f p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u010dinnosti souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s aplikacemi se centralizuj\u00ed na produktov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy, proto jsme p\u0159estali prov\u00e1d\u011bt \u010dist\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho jsme z test\u016f vytvo\u0159ili UI monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, napsan\u00e9 v Jav\u011b, Selenium a Jenkins (pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se jako syst\u00e9m pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a generaci zpr\u00e1v). <\/p>\n<p>M\u011bli jsme mnoho test\u016f, ale nakonec jsme se rozhodli zam\u011b\u0159it na hlavn\u00ed silnici, nad\u0159azenou metriku. A pokud budeme m\u00edt mnoho specifick\u00fdch test\u016f, bude obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 udr\u017eovat data aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed verze z\u00e1sadn\u011b rozbije cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m a my se budeme jen zab\u00fdvat jeho opravou. Proto jsme se zam\u011b\u0159ili na zcela z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 se z\u0159\u00eddka m\u011bn\u00ed, a monitorujeme jen ty.<\/p>\n<p>Nakonec, za t\u0159et\u00ed, zdrojem dat je centralizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m logov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro logy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me Elastic Stack a pot\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme tato data p\u0159et\u00e1hnout do na\u0161eho monitorovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu pro obchodn\u00ed metriky. Krom\u011b toho funguje n\u00e1\u0161 vlastn\u00ed slu\u017eba Monitoring API, napsan\u00e1 v Pythonu, kter\u00e1 se dotazuje jak\u00fdchkoli slu\u017eeb p\u0159es API a stahuje z nich data do Zabbixu.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed je vizualizace. U n\u00e1s je stav\u011bna na z\u00e1klad\u011b Grafana. Mezi ostatn\u00edmi vizualiza\u010dn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my se vyzna\u010duje t\u00edm, \u017ee na dashboardu lze vizualizovat metriky z r\u016fzn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f dat. M\u016f\u017eeme shrom\u00e1\u017edit nad\u0159azen\u00e9 metriky internetov\u00e9ho obchodu, nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u010det objedn\u00e1vek proveden\u00fdch za posledn\u00ed hodinu, z DB, metriky v\u00fdkonnosti OS, na kter\u00e9m b\u011b\u017e\u00ed tento internetov\u00fd obchod, ze Zabbixu, a metriky instance t\u00e9to aplikace \u2014 z Prometheus. A to v\u0161e bude na jednom dashboardu. P\u0159ehledn\u011b a dostupn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e1d bych zm\u00ednil bezpe\u010dnost \u2014 nyn\u00ed vylep\u0161ujeme syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd posl\u00e9ze integrujeme s glob\u00e1ln\u00edm monitorovac\u00edm syst\u00e9mem. Podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru jsou hlavn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, kter\u00fdm \u010del\u00ed e-commerce v oblasti informa\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, spojeny s boty, parsery a brute force \u00fatoky. Na to je t\u0159eba d\u00e1vat pozor, proto\u017ee to m\u016f\u017ee kriticky ovlivnit jak fungov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich aplikac\u00ed, tak reputaci z pohledu podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. A s vybran\u00fdm technick\u00fdm z\u00e1zem\u00edm tyto \u00fakoly \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b pokr\u00fdv\u00e1me.<\/p>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd bod \u2014 \u00farove\u0148 aplikac\u00ed sb\u00edr\u00e1 Prometheus. Ten je u n\u00e1s tak\u00e9 integrov\u00e1n se Zabbixem. A m\u00e1me tak\u00e9 sitespeed, slu\u017ebu, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje sledovat parametry jako rychlost na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich str\u00e1nek, \u00fazk\u00e1 m\u00edsta, vykreslov\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nky, na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed skript\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed, tak\u00e9 je integrov\u00e1na p\u0159es API. Tak\u017ee metriky u n\u00e1s sb\u00edr\u00e1 Zabbix, a podle toho tak\u00e9 zas\u00edl\u00e1me upozorn\u011bn\u00ed. V\u0161echny upozorn\u011bn\u00ed zat\u00edm odch\u00e1zej\u00ed na hlavn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed (zat\u00edm je to e-mail a telegram, ned\u00e1vno jsme tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipojili MS Teams). V pl\u00e1nu je vylep\u0161it sledov\u00e1n\u00ed na takovou \u00farove\u0148, aby inteligentn\u00ed boti fungovali jako slu\u017eba a poskytovali informace o monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161em z\u00e1jemc\u016fm z produktov\u00fdch t\u00fdm\u016f. <\/p>\n<p>Pro n\u00e1s jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 metriky nejen jednotliv\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 celkov\u00e9 metriky cel\u00e9 infrastruktury, kterou aplikace pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed: clustery <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/server\/\"   title=\"fyzick\u00fdch server\u016f\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1270\">fyzick\u00fdch server\u016f<\/a>, na kter\u00fdch b\u011b\u017e\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroje, load balancery, Network Load Balancer-y, sama s\u00ed\u0165, vyu\u017eit\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f. Nav\u00edc metriky dle na\u0161ich vlastn\u00edch datov\u00fdch center (m\u00e1me jich n\u011bkolik a infrastruktura je pom\u011brn\u011b zna\u010dn\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f). <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitorujeme Sportmaster \u2014 jak a \u010d\u00edm\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/aaee82a501dce0eee31c5a81662cd8be.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nV\u00fdhody na\u0161eho monitorovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed v tom, \u017ee s jeho pomoc\u00ed vid\u00edme stav funk\u010dnosti v\u0161ech syst\u00e9m\u016f, m\u016f\u017eeme hodnotit jejich vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd vliv a dopad na spole\u010dn\u00e9 zdroje. A v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku n\u00e1m to umo\u017e\u0148uje pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f, co\u017e tak\u00e9 spad\u00e1 do na\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti. Spravujeme serverov\u00e9 zdroje \u2014 pool v r\u00e1mci e-commerce, zav\u00e1d\u00edme a vy\u0159azujeme z provozu nov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, dokupujeme nov\u00e9, prov\u00e1d\u00edme audit vyu\u017eit\u00ed zdroj\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok t\u00fdmy pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed nov\u00e9 projekty, rozv\u00edjej\u00ed sv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a pro n\u00e1s je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zajistit jim zdroje. <\/p>\n<p>A s pomoc\u00ed metrik vid\u00edme tendenci spot\u0159eby zdroj\u016f na\u0161imi informa\u010dn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my. A na jejich z\u00e1klad\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme n\u011bco pl\u00e1novat. Na \u00farovni virtualizace sb\u00edr\u00e1me data a vid\u00edme informace o dostupn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed zdroj\u016f podle jednotliv\u00fdch datov\u00fdch center. A uvnit\u0159 datov\u00e9ho centra vid\u00edme jak vyu\u017eit\u00ed, tak skute\u010dn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed a spot\u0159ebu zdroj\u016f. A to jak se standalone servery, tak s virtu\u00e1ln\u00edmi stroji a clustery fyzick\u00fdch server\u016f, na kter\u00fdch v\u0161echny tyto virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroje spolehliv\u011b b\u011b\u017e\u00ed. <\/p>\n<h2>Vyhl\u00eddky<\/h2>\n<p>\nNyn\u00ed m\u00e1me j\u00e1dro syst\u00e9mu v cel\u00e9 jeho \u0161\u00ed\u0159i hotov\u00e9, ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dostatek aspekt\u016f, na kter\u00fdch je je\u0161t\u011b t\u0159eba pracovat. Minim\u00e1ln\u011b to zahrnuje vrstvu informa\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, ale tak\u00e9 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dostat se k s\u00edti, rozvinout monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a vy\u0159e\u0161it ot\u00e1zku korelace. M\u00e1me mnoho vrstev a syst\u00e9m\u016f, na ka\u017ed\u00e9 vrstv\u011b je je\u0161t\u011b \u0159ada metrik. Vznik\u00e1 tak matrjo\u0161ka v matici matrjo\u0161ek.<\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem je nakonec vytvo\u0159it spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 upozorn\u011bn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud dojde k probl\u00e9mu s hardwarovou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, op\u011bt s virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm strojem, u n\u011bho\u017e bylo d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 aplikace, a slu\u017eba nebyla nijak rezervov\u00e1na. Zjist\u00edme, \u017ee virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj selhal. N\u00e1sledn\u011b budou upozor\u0148ovat obchodn\u00ed metriky: u\u017eivatel\u00e9 n\u011bkam zmizeli, nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 konverze, u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed nen\u00ed k dispozici, software a slu\u017eby tak\u00e9 selhaly.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i takov\u00e9m sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i dostaneme spam z upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e u\u017e neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 form\u00e1tu spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho monitorovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Objevuje se ot\u00e1zka korelace. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b by n\u00e1\u0161 monitorovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m m\u011bl \u0159\u00edct: \u201eP\u00e1ni, va\u0161e fyzick\u00e1 ma\u0161ina selhala a spole\u010dn\u011b s n\u00ed tato aplikace a tyto metriky\u201c, pomoc\u00ed jednoho upozorn\u011bn\u00ed m\u00edsto toho, aby n\u00e1s intenzivn\u011b zasyp\u00e1val stovkami upozorn\u011bn\u00ed. M\u011bl by informovat o hlavn\u00edm \u2014 o p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011b, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k rychl\u00e9mu odstran\u011bn\u00ed probl\u00e9mu d\u00edky jej\u00ed lokalizaci.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1\u0161 syst\u00e9m upozorn\u011bn\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed je postaven kolem nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9ho linky hot-line. V\u0161echna upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 pova\u017eujeme za nezbytn\u00e1 a zahrnuj\u00ed se do kontroln\u00edho seznamu, se p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed tam. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 upozorn\u011bn\u00ed mus\u00ed m\u00edt nezbytn\u011b popis: co se stalo, co to vlastn\u011b znamen\u00e1, na co m\u00e1 vliv. A tak\u00e9 odkaz na dashboard a instrukce, co by se m\u011blo v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b d\u011blat. <\/p>\n<p>To je v\u0161e, co se t\u00fd\u010de po\u017eadavk\u016f na budov\u00e1n\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 se situace m\u016f\u017ee vyv\u00edjet ve dvou sm\u011brech \u2014 bu\u010f probl\u00e9m existuje a je t\u0159eba jej vy\u0159e\u0161it, nebo do\u0161lo k chyb\u011b v monitorovac\u00edm syst\u00e9mu. Ale v ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je t\u0159eba j\u00edt a zjistit p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b n\u00e1m v sou\u010dasnosti za den p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed asi sto upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, a to i s ohledem na to, \u017ee korelace upozorn\u011bn\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nastavena. A pokud je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st technick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a n\u011bco jsme nuceni vypnout, jejich po\u010det se n\u00e1sob\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me, a shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed metrik, je\u017e pova\u017eujeme za d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, n\u00e1m n\u00e1\u0161 monitorovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m umo\u017e\u0148uje shroma\u017e\u010fovat \u00fadaje pro produktov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy. Tyto t\u00fdmy mohou ovliv\u0148ovat slo\u017een\u00ed metrik v r\u00e1mci informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 u n\u00e1s monitorujeme. <\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1\u0161 kolega m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edt a po\u017e\u00e1dat o p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 metriky, kter\u00e1 se uk\u00e1\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 jak pro n\u00e1s, tak pro t\u00fdm. Nebo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt t\u00fdmu k dispozici nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch metrik, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me, a pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed sledovat n\u011bco specifick\u00e9ho. V Grafan\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme prostor pro ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fdm a ud\u011blujeme administr\u00e1torsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Tak\u00e9, pokud t\u00fdm pot\u0159ebuje dashboardy a sami to nemohou\/nev\u00ed, jak to ud\u011blat, pom\u00e1h\u00e1me jim. <\/p>\n<p>Proto\u017ee nejsme sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed procesu vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed hodnot t\u00fdmu, jejich vyd\u00e1n\u00ed a pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, postupn\u011b se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me k tomu, \u017ee jsou v\u0161echna vyd\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e1 a mohou se uvol\u0148ovat denn\u011b, ani\u017e bychom se museli na n\u011b s n\u00e1mi dohodnout. A je pro n\u00e1s d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 sledovat tato vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u011b mohou ovlivnit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace a n\u011bco rozb\u00edt, co\u017e je kritick\u00e9. Pro spr\u00e1vu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me Bamboo, odkud p\u0159es API z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me data a m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt, kter\u00e1 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed v jak\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech prob\u011bhla a jejich stav. A co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 v jak\u00e9m \u010dase. Ukazatele o vyd\u00e1n\u00edch klademe na hlavn\u00ed kritick\u00e9 metriky, co\u017e vizu\u00e1ln\u011b ukazuje, kdy\u017e se objev\u00ed probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt korelaci mezi nov\u00fdmi vyd\u00e1n\u00edmi a vznikaj\u00edc\u00edmi probl\u00e9my. Hlavn\u00ed my\u0161lenkou je ch\u00e1pat, jak syst\u00e9m funguje na v\u0161ech vrstv\u00e1ch, rychle lokalizovat probl\u00e9m a tak\u00e9 jej rychle opravit. \u010casto toti\u017e nejv\u00edce \u010dasu zabere ne \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu, ale hled\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny. <\/p>\n<p>A v tomto sm\u011bru se v budoucnu chceme zam\u011b\u0159it na proaktivitu. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b bychom cht\u011bli b\u00fdt informov\u00e1ni o bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se probl\u00e9mu p\u0159edem, nikoli zp\u011btn\u011b, abychom se mohli zab\u00fdvat jeho prevenc\u00ed, nikoli \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. N\u011bkdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k fale\u0161n\u00fdm poplach\u016fm syst\u00e9mu monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, a to jak v d\u016fsledku lidsk\u00e9 chyby, tak kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u00e1m v aplikaci. A my na tom pracujeme, lad\u00edme to a sna\u017e\u00edme se p\u0159ed jak\u00fdmikoli manipulacemi se syst\u00e9mem monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed upozornit u\u017eivatele, kte\u0159\u00ed ho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed spolu s n\u00e1mi, nebo tyto aktivity prov\u00e1d\u011bt v technick\u00e9m okn\u011b. <\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee syst\u00e9m byl spu\u0161t\u011bn a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b funguje od za\u010d\u00e1tku jara\u2026 a ukazuje docela re\u00e1ln\u00fd profit. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee to nen\u00ed jeho fin\u00e1ln\u00ed verze, budeme implementovat je\u0161t\u011b \u0159adu u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdch funkc\u00ed. Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f, p\u0159i tak velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed integrac\u00ed a aplikac\u00ed, se bez automatizace monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed opravdu neobejdeme.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud tak\u00e9 monitorujete velk\u00e9 projekty se zna\u010dn\u00fdm po\u010dtem integrac\u00ed \u2014 napi\u0161te do koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f, jakou st\u0159\u00edbrnou kulku jste pro to na\u0161li.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/sportmaster_lab\/blog\/517678\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u2014 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043a? \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044f\u0442. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043e\u043d\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":93359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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