{"id":94771,"date":"2020-09-21T13:42:19","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T11:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predstavlena-platforma-precursor-dlya-sozdaniya-svobodnyh-mobilnyh-ustrojstv"},"modified":"2020-09-21T13:42:19","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T11:42:19","slug":"predstavlena-platforma-precursor-dlya-sozdaniya-svobodnyh-mobilnyh-ustrojstv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/news\/predstavlena-platforma-precursor-dlya-sozdaniya-svobodnyh-mobilnyh-ustrojstv","title":{"rendered":"Byla p\u0159edstavena platforma Precursor pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed svobodn\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Andrew Huan (Andrew Huang<\/a><\/noindex>), zn\u00e1m\u00fd aktivista za prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed my\u0161lenek otev\u0159en\u00e9ho hardwaru, dr\u017eitel ceny EFF Pioneer Award 2012<\/a><\/noindex>, p\u0159edstavil<\/a><\/noindex> otev\u0159enou platformu «Precursor<\/a><\/noindex>«, ur\u010denou k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed koncept\u016f nov\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Podobn\u011b jako Raspberry Pi a Arduino umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro internet v\u011bc\u00ed, Precursor se zam\u011b\u0159uje na poskytnut\u00ed mo\u017enosti navrhnout a sestavit si vlastn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 mobiln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vlastn\u00edch \u00faloh.<\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch projekt\u016f, Precursor nab\u00edz\u00ed nad\u0161enc\u016fm nejen desku, ale i hotov\u00fd prototyp p\u0159enosn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm pouzdrem o rozm\u011brech 69 x 138 x 7,2 mm, LCD obrazovkou (336×536), bateri\u00ed (1100 mAh Li-Ion), mini kl\u00e1vesnic\u00ed, reproduktorem, vibromotorem, akcelerometrem a gyroskopem. V\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed modul se dod\u00e1v\u00e1 ne s hotov\u00fdm procesorem, ale s programov\u011b definovan\u00fdm SoC zalo\u017een\u00fdm na FPGA Xilinx XC7S50, na jeho\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b je realizov\u00e1na emulace 32-bitov\u00e9ho CPU RISC-V pracuj\u00edc\u00edho na frekvenci 100MHz. P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed pro emulaci dal\u0161\u00edch hardwarov\u00fdch komponent\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt emulov\u00e1na pr\u00e1ce r\u016fzn\u00fdch procesor\u016f, od 6502 a Z-80 po AVR a ARM, stejn\u011b jako zvukov\u00e9 \u010dipy a r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u0159adi\u010de. Deska zahrnuje 16 MB SRAM, 128 MB Flash, Wi-Fi Silicon Labs WF200C, USB type C, SPI, I\u00b2C, GPIO.<\/p>\n

\"Byla<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Mezi funkcemi souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi s bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed se zd\u016fraz\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edtomnost dvou hardwarov\u00fdch gener\u00e1tor\u016f pseudon\u00e1hodn\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je principieln\u011b dod\u00e1v\u00e1no bez zabudovan\u00e9ho mikrofonu \u2014 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edjem zvuku je mo\u017en\u00fd pouze p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m p\u0159ipojen\u00ed sluch\u00e1tek, a pokud jsou sluch\u00e1tka odpojena, nen\u00ed fyzicky mo\u017en\u00e9 zorganizovat odposlech, i kdy\u017e bylo softwarov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kompromitov\u00e1no. <\/p>\n

\u010cip pro bezdr\u00e1tovou komunikaci (Wi-Fi) je hardwarov\u011b izolov\u00e1n od ostatn\u00ed platformy a pracuje v samostatn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Pro ochranu p\u0159ed neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem se tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zamykateln\u00fd kryt, samostatn\u00fd RTC pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity, monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed pohybu v re\u017eimu sp\u00e1nku (v\u017edy zapnut\u00e9 akcelerometry a gyroskopy). Je zaji\u0161t\u011bna tak\u00e9 existence samo-destruk\u010dn\u00edho obvodu a okam\u017eit\u00e9ho vymaz\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech dat, aktivovan\u00e9ho pomoc\u00ed AES kl\u00ed\u010de.<\/p>\n

Pro popis hardwarov\u00fdch komponent\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jazyk FHDL Migen<\/a><\/noindex> (Fragmentovan\u00fd popis hardwaru) zalo\u017een\u00fd na Pythonu. Migen je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed r\u00e1mce LiteX<\/a><\/noindex>, kter\u00fd poskytuje infrastrukturu pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch sch\u00e9mat. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b Precursor pomoc\u00ed FPGA a LiteX byl p\u0159ipraven referen\u010dn\u00ed SoC Betrusted<\/a><\/noindex>, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed 100 MHz CPU VexRISC-V RV32IMAC, jako\u017e i vestav\u011bn\u00fd \u0159adi\u010d
\nBetrusted-EC s j\u00e1drem 18 MHz LiteX VexRISC-V RV32I.
\n

\"Byla<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

V SoC Betrusted je k dispozici integrovan\u00e1 sada kryptografick\u00fdch primitiv, jako je gener\u00e1tor pseudon\u00e1hodn\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel, AES-128, -192, -256 s m\u00f3dy ECB, CBC a CTR, SHA-2 a SHA-512, kryptomotor<\/a><\/noindex> na z\u00e1klad\u011b eliptick\u00fdch k\u0159ivek Curve25519. Kryptomotor je naps\u00e1n v SystemVerilog a vych\u00e1z\u00ed z kryptojader projektu Google OpenTitan<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Precursor je prezentov\u00e1n jako platforma pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a verifikaci prototyp\u016f, zat\u00edmco Betrusted p\u0159edstavuje jedno z hotov\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch na z\u00e1klad\u011b Precursor. Proto\u017ee tradi\u010dn\u00ed enclavy, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro izolovan\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kryptografick\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f, nechr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed \u00fatoky na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni, jako je zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed hesel pomoc\u00ed keylogger\u016f nebo p\u0159\u00edstup k zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm screenshot\u016f, byly do implementace enclavy v Betrusted p\u0159id\u00e1ny prvky interakce s u\u017eivateli (HCI<\/a><\/noindex>, interakce \u010dlov\u011bk-po\u010d\u00edta\u010d), kter\u00e9 zaru\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee tajn\u00e9 \u00fadaje, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst, nikdy nebudou ulo\u017eeny, zobrazeny nebo p\u0159ed\u00e1ny mimo chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Betrusted se nesna\u017e\u00ed nahradit mobiln\u00ed telefon, ale pouze vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd enclave s vstupy a v\u00fdstupy, kter\u00e9 jsou dostupn\u00e9 k auditu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad extern\u00ed smartphone m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n p\u0159es Wi-Fi jako ned\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fd kan\u00e1l pro p\u0159enos dat, ale zas\u00edlan\u00e9 \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy jsou zad\u00e1ny pouze na integrovan\u00e9 kl\u00e1vesnici za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Betrusted, a obdr\u017een\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy se zobrazuj\u00ed pouze na integrovan\u00e9m displeji.<\/p>\n

V\u0161echny komponenty Precursor a Betrusted jsou otev\u0159en\u00e9 a dostupn\u00e9 pro \u00fapravy a experimenty na z\u00e1klad\u011b licenc\u00ed Open Hardware Licence 1.2<\/a><\/noindex>, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje otev\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ech odvozen\u00fdch prac\u00ed pod stejnou licenc\u00ed. Mezi nimi jsou otev\u0159en\u00e9 sch\u00e9mata<\/a><\/noindex> a kompletn\u00ed projektov\u00e1 dokumentace hlavn\u00ed a pomocn\u00e9 desky<\/a><\/noindex>, hotov\u00e1 realizace SoC Betrusted<\/a><\/noindex> a \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> (EC<\/a><\/noindex>). K dispozici jsou modely pro 3D tisk sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b. V form\u011b otev\u0159en\u00fdch projekt\u016f se tak\u00e9 vyv\u00edj\u00ed sada firmwaru<\/a><\/noindex> a specializovan\u00fd opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/a><\/noindex> Xous zalo\u017een\u00fd na mikroj\u00e1d\u0159e.<\/p>\n

\"Byla<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u042d\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044e \u0425\u0443\u0430\u043d (Andrew Huang), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0438 EFF Pioneer Award 2012, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 «Precursor«, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a Raspberry Pi \u0438 Arduino \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0439, Precursor \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":94772,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Byla p\u0159edstavena platforma Precursor pro tvorbu otev\u0159en\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed | ProHoster","description":"Andrew Huang, zn\u00e1m\u00fd aktivista za propagaci my\u0161lenek otev\u0159en\u00e9ho hardwaru, byl 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