{"id":96029,"date":"2020-10-07T01:42:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T23:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/namespace-deczentralizacziya-kto-i-chto-predlagaet-delat"},"modified":"2020-10-07T01:42:00","modified_gmt":"2020-10-06T23:42:00","slug":"namespace-deczentralizacziya-kto-i-chto-predlagaet-delat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/namespace-deczentralizacziya-kto-i-chto-predlagaet-delat","title":{"rendered":"Decentralizace namespaces: kdo a co navrhuje d\u011blat","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Zakladatel\u00e9 Namebase kritizovali soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a centralizovan\u00e9 syst\u00e9my spr\u00e1vy dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na podstatu jejich vlastn\u00ed iniciativy a pro\u010d se nel\u00edb\u00ed v\u0161em.<\/p>\n

\"Decentralizace<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\n\/ Unsplash \/ Charles Deluvio<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Co se stalo<\/h2>\n

\nKampa\u0148 za alternativn\u00ed realizaci n\u00e1zvov\u00e9ho prostoru se aktivn\u011b propaguje od lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku. Ned\u00e1vno vy\u0161el materi\u00e1l<\/a><\/noindex> s podrobn\u00fdm vysv\u011btlen\u00edm kritick\u00fdch hodnocen\u00ed, n\u00e1vrh\u016f na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed decentralizaci, nezbytn\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f na projekt a jeho potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Analyzovali jsme \u010dl\u00e1nek a diskusi kolem n\u011bj na tematick\u00fdch platform\u00e1ch. Sd\u00edl\u00edme hlavn\u00ed nalezen\u00e9 informace, dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly a n\u00e1zory na toto t\u00e9ma.<\/p>\n

Za co je kritizuj\u00ed<\/h2>\n

\nNa webu<\/a><\/noindex> spole\u010dnosti odkazuj\u00ed na probl\u00e9m nadm\u011brn\u00e9 centralizace na stran\u011b \u201etechnologick\u00fdch monopolist\u016f\u201c, n\u00e1rodn\u00edch a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch organizac\u00ed \u2014 od ICANN<\/a><\/noindex> a\u017e po soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Zakladatel\u00e9 Namebase zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed, jak pod veden\u00edm takov\u00fdch struktur (a dokonce st\u00e1t\u016f) doch\u00e1z\u00ed k realizaci pr\u00e1v na svobodu projevu a vlastnictv\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch aktiv, jako jsou profily, u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 a dom\u00e9nov\u00e1 jm\u00e9na. Ve sv\u00fdch vystoupen\u00edch \u010dasto vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed<\/a><\/noindex> na p\u0159\u00edpady kr\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed, blokac\u00ed a odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00fdch \u201eaktiv\u201c bez \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo vysv\u011btlen\u00ed d\u016fvod\u016f.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy<\/h2>\n

\nPodle n\u00e1zoru<\/a><\/noindex> nad\u0161enc\u016f tohoto t\u00e9matu uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, aby se odklonili od v\u0161emo\u017en\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed sm\u011brem k univerz\u00e1ln\u00edmu, udr\u017eiteln\u00e9mu a decentralizovan\u00e9mu n\u00e1zvov\u00e9mu prostoru, bude pot\u0159eba:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Zajistit decentralizaci nov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n
  2. Zanechat pouze kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed mo\u017enosti.<\/li>\n
  3. Zajistit n\u00edzkou n\u00e1ro\u010dnost na zdroje a trustless p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/li>\n
  4. Zachovat kompatibilitu se st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed infrastrukturou s\u00edt\u011b.<\/li>\n
  5. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat mo\u017enost aktualizace na \u00farovni protokolu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nPrvn\u00ed a druh\u00fd po\u017eadavek lze realizovat pomoc\u00ed vyhrazen\u00e9ho PoW blockchainu<\/a><\/noindex> (ve spole\u010dnosti ho nazvali Handshake<\/a><\/noindex>). T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i vylou\u010dit rizika destabilizace syst\u00e9mu v d\u016fsledku akc\u00ed stakeholder\u016f \u010di jin\u00fdch vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f.<\/p>\n

    Podle jejich n\u00e1zoru konstrukce na z\u00e1klad\u011b ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch blockchain\u016f nedovol\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout takov\u00e9ho efektu v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu, co\u017e je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed faktor pro plynul\u00fd provoz a aktualizaci (p\u00e1t\u00fd bod po\u017eadavk\u016f) \u201eIT standard\u016f\u201c takov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b.<\/p>\n

    V reakci na t\u0159et\u00ed po\u017eadavek navrhli v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i uchov\u00e1vat data jmenn\u00e9ho prostoru v tzv. Urkel Tree<\/a><\/noindex>, kter\u00e9 byly navr\u017eeny speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto \u00fakolu. Jsou alternativou particia-strom\u016fm<\/a><\/noindex> v Ethereu, ale s uzly o velikosti 32 (listy\/soubory sourozenc\u016f) a 76 byt\u016f (intern\u00ed uzly), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e PoW-hmotnost zde nep\u0159esahuje kilobajt, i kdy\u017e je p\u0159\u00edtomno des\u00edtky milion\u016f \"list\u016f\".<\/p>\n

    Tak se t\u00fdm sna\u017e\u00ed optimalizovat \u010das a zdroje pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jmen. Krom\u011b toho otev\u0159el i \"lehkou\" se dostal do backendu.<\/a><\/noindex> verzi v C \u2014 ta se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdhradn\u011b \u00fakoly DNS.<\/p>\n

    \"Decentralizace
    \n\/ Unsplash \/     Thomas Jensen<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

    Pokud jde o kompatibilitu (\u010dtvrt\u00fd bod), zakladatel\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee projekt je zam\u011b\u0159en na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch IT standard\u016f, nikoli na jejich nahrazen\u00ed. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee \u201eu\u017eivatel\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b by m\u011bli m\u00edt v\u00edce mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak si udr\u017eet kontrolu a ujistit se, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 jm\u00e9no pat\u0159\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b jim\u201c, a pokra\u010duj\u00ed ve v\u00fdvoji sv\u00e9ho produktu (z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o n\u011bm \u2014 GitHub-repozit\u00e1\u0159<\/a><\/noindex>, dokumentace<\/a><\/noindex>, API<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n

    Za co jsou kritizov\u00e1ni<\/h2>\n

    \nNa Hacker News byl odkaz na obchod s aplikacemi<\/a><\/noindex>, zalo\u017een\u00fd na Handshake, a podobn\u00e9 implementace<\/a><\/noindex>. Ale byli i ti, kte\u0159\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili obavy<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee dodavatel se jen sna\u017e\u00ed st\u00e1t se dal\u0161\u00edm registr\u00e1torem, kter\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 jm\u00e9ny v m\u00edrn\u011b p\u0159epracovan\u00e9m form\u00e1tu. Byla zpochybn\u011bna i nez\u00e1vislost takov\u00fdch projekt\u016f, s odkazem<\/a><\/noindex> na data ohledn\u011b distribuce t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch pool\u016f.<\/p>\n

    V ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku diskuse zahnula \u2014 jeden z rezident\u016f platformy dokonce vyj\u00e1d\u0159il<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00e1zor na podobn\u00e9 \"o\u017eiven\u00ed\" RSS<\/a><\/noindex>-ekosyst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd by mohl b\u00fdt decentralizovanou odpov\u011bd\u00ed na monopolizovan\u00fd trh soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed. Ale zde \u2014 jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Handshake \u2014 v\u0161e narazilo na ot\u00e1zku monetizace a m\u00edru elegance jej\u00edho vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Jak je zn\u00e1m\u00e9, takov\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> DNS projekty se ji\u017e sna\u017eily spustit<\/a><\/noindex>, ale tento proces neprob\u00edhal tak hladce, jak by si jejich zakladatel\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1li.<\/p>\n

    V sou\u010dasnosti maj\u00ed Handshake a Namebase hned n\u011bkolik alternativ \u2014 od Unstoppable Domains (dokumentace<\/a><\/noindex>) a\u017e po Ethereum Name Service (ENS<\/a><\/noindex>). Zda dok\u00e1\u017eou konkurovat st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstup\u016fm k spr\u00e1v\u011b dom\u00e9nov\u00fdch jmen a st\u00e1t se masov\u00fdmi, uk\u00e1\u017ee \u010das.<\/p>\n

    P.S.<\/b> Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dten\u00ed v na\u0161em hubblogu \u2014 pr\u00e1ce poskytovatel\u016f a rozvoj komunika\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/a><\/noindex>.
    \n
    Zdroj:     habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 Namebase \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446.\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c. \/ Unsplash \/ Charles Deluvio \u0427\u0442\u043e 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