{"id":96442,"date":"2020-10-11T19:42:46","date_gmt":"2020-10-11T17:42:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-vybrat-instrument-dlya-biznes-analiza"},"modified":"2020-10-11T19:42:46","modified_gmt":"2020-10-11T17:42:46","slug":"kak-vybrat-instrument-dlya-biznes-analiza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/cs\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-vybrat-instrument-dlya-biznes-analiza","title":{"rendered":"Jak vybrat n\u00e1stroj pro business anal\u00fdzu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Jak\u00fd m\u00e1te v\u00fdb\u011br?<\/h2>\n

\n\u010casto m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit\u00ed drah\u00fdch a slo\u017eit\u00fdch BI syst\u00e9m\u016f nahrazeno jednoduch\u00fdmi a relativn\u011b cenov\u011b dostupn\u00fdmi, ale dostate\u010dn\u011b efektivn\u00edmi analytick\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji. P\u0159e\u010dten\u00edm tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku budete schopni zhodnotit sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby v oblasti business analytiky a pochopit, kter\u00e1 varianta v\u00e1m nejl\u00e9pe vyhovuje.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nSamoz\u0159ejm\u011b maj\u00ed v\u0161echny BI syst\u00e9my nesm\u00edrn\u011b slo\u017eitou architekturu a jejich zaveden\u00ed do spole\u010dnosti je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd \u00fakol vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady a vysoce kvalifikovan\u00e9 integr\u00e1tory. Budete opakovan\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat jejich slu\u017eby, proto\u017ee zaveden\u00ed a uveden\u00ed do provozu nebude konec \u2013 v budoucnu bude t\u0159eba upravit funk\u010dnost, vyv\u00edjet nov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy a ukazatele. Je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu budete cht\u00edt, aby v n\u011bm pracovalo st\u00e1le v\u00edce zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch licenc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm ned\u00edln\u00fdm rysem pokro\u010dil\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f business analytiky je nesm\u00edrn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la funkc\u00ed, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 nikdy nevyu\u017eijete, ale budete za n\u011b st\u00e1le platit poka\u017ed\u00e9, kdy\u017e prodlu\u017eujete licence.<\/p>\n

Tyto vlastnosti BI syst\u00e9m\u016f n\u00e1s nut\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o v\u00fdb\u011bru alternativy. D\u00e1le navrhuji srovnat \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed standardn\u00edho souboru \u00fakol\u016f p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b reportingu pomoc\u00ed Power BI a Excelu.<\/p>\n

Power BI nebo Excel?<\/h2>\n

\nObvykle analytik pro p\u0159\u00edpravu \u010dtvrtletn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o prodeji stahuje data z \u00fa\u010detn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 je se sv\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edru\u010dkami a shroma\u017e\u010fuje pomoc\u00ed funkce SVYHLEDAT do jedn\u00e9 tabulky, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9 je sestavena zpr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n

A jak je tento \u00fakol \u0159e\u0161en pomoc\u00ed Power BI? <\/p>\n

Data from sources is loaded into the system and prepared for analysis: it is broken down into tables, cleaned, and matched. After that, a business model is constructed: tables are linked to each other, metrics are defined, and custom hierarchies are created. The next stage is visualization. Here, by simply dragging and dropping controls and widgets, an interactive dashboard is formed. All elements are interconnected through the data model. During analysis, this allows focusing on the required information, filtering it across all views with a single click on any dashboard element.<\/p>\n

What advantages of using Power BI compared to the traditional approach can be observed in the example provided?<\/p>\n

1 \u2013 Automation of the data acquisition process and its preparation for analysis.
\n2 \u2013 Construction of a business model.
\n3 \u2013 Incredible visualization.
\n4 \u2013 Restricted access to reports.<\/p>\n

Now let's analyze each point separately.<\/p>\n

1 \u2013 To prepare the data for generating a report, you only need to define the procedure once that connects to the data and processes it, and every time you need to get a report for another period, Power BI will run the data through the created procedure. This automates a significant part of the work involved in preparing data for analysis. The thing is, Power BI performs the data preparation procedure using a tool that is available in the classic version of Excel, called Power Query<\/a><\/noindex>. It allows you to accomplish the task in Excel exactly the same way.<\/p>\n

2 \u2013 The same situation occurs here. The Power BI tool for building a business model is also available in Excel \u2013 it's called Power Pivot<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

3 \u2013 As you have probably guessed, the situation with visualization is similar: the Excel add-in \u2014 Power View<\/a><\/noindex> handles this task excellently.<\/p>\n

4 \u2013 Je t\u0159eba vy\u0159e\u0161it p\u0159\u00edstup k report\u016fm. Situace nen\u00ed tak r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1. V\u011bc se m\u00e1 tak, \u017ee Power BI je cloudov\u00e1 slu\u017eba, jej\u00ed\u017e p\u0159\u00edstup je zaji\u0161t\u011bn prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm osobn\u00edho \u00fa\u010dtu. Administr\u00e1tor slu\u017eby rozd\u011bluje u\u017eivatele do skupin a nastavuje pro tyto skupiny r\u016fznou \u00farove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edstupu k report\u016fm. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se dosahuje odd\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v mezi zam\u011bstnanci spole\u010dnosti. Analytici, mana\u017ee\u0159i a \u0159editel\u00e9 vid\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed na stejnou str\u00e1nku report v dostupn\u00e9 podob\u011b pro n\u011b. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt omezen p\u0159\u00edstup k ur\u010dit\u00e9mu datov\u00e9mu souboru, nebo k reportu jako celku. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud je report v souboru ve form\u00e1tu Excel, pak lze s pomoc\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho administr\u00e1tora zkusit vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9m s p\u0159\u00edstupem, ale to u\u017e nebude ono. K t\u00e9to problematice se je\u0161t\u011b vr\u00e1t\u00edm, a\u017e budu popisovat vlastnosti firemn\u00edho port\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Je dobr\u00e9 poznamenat, \u017ee obvykle pot\u0159eba spole\u010dnosti po slo\u017eit\u00fdch a p\u011bkn\u00fdch dashboardech nen\u00ed velk\u00e1 a \u010dasto, pro anal\u00fdzu dat v Excelu po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed obchodn\u00edho modelu, nevyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mo\u017enosti Power View, ale spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na kontingen\u010dn\u00ed tabulky. Ty poskytuj\u00ed OLAP funk\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 je dostate\u010dn\u00e1 k vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny byznys analytick\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f.<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee zp\u016fsob prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed byznys anal\u00fdzy v Excelu m\u016f\u017ee zcela vyhov\u011bt pot\u0159eb\u00e1m st\u0159edn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti s mal\u00fdm po\u010dtem zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed reporty. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud jsou po\u017eadavky Va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti ambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nesp\u011bchejte s nasazen\u00edm n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed v\u0161e najednou.<\/p>\n

Navrhuji V\u00e1m profesion\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup, jeho\u017e vyu\u017eit\u00edm z\u00edsk\u00e1te vlastn\u00ed, pln\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd, automatizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed byznys analytick\u00fdch report\u016f s odd\u011blen\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem k nim.<\/p>\n

ETL a DWH<\/h2>\n

\nV d\u0159\u00edve zva\u017eovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstupech k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed obchodn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v, byla data na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1na a p\u0159ipravov\u00e1na k anal\u00fdze pomoc\u00ed technologie Power Query. Tento zp\u016fsob z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zcela ospravedlniteln\u00fd a efektivn\u00ed, dokud je po\u010det datov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f mal\u00fd: jeden \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed syst\u00e9m a reference z Excelov\u00fdch tabulek. Av\u0161ak s n\u00e1r\u016fstem po\u010dtu \u00fa\u010detn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f se \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto \u00fakolu pomoc\u00ed Power Query st\u00e1v\u00e1 velmi objemn\u00fdm, obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdm na \u00fadr\u017ebu a rozvoj. V takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed na pomoc n\u00e1stroje pro ETL. <\/p>\n

S jejich pomoc\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed export dat ze zdroj\u016f (Extract), jejich transformace (Transform), co\u017e zahrnuje \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a odpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed, a nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed do datov\u00e9ho skladu (Load). Datov\u00fd sklad (DWH \u2014 Data Warehouse) je zpravidla rela\u010dn\u00ed datab\u00e1ze um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 na serveru. Tato datab\u00e1ze obsahuje data vhodn\u00e1 pro anal\u00fdzu. Podle pl\u00e1nu se spou\u0161t\u00ed ETL proces, kter\u00fd aktualizuje data skladu na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed. Mimochodem, celou tuto administrativu skv\u011ble obsluhuje Integration Services, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed MS SQL Server.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1le, jako d\u0159\u00edve pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed obchodn\u00edho modelu dat a vizualizaci lze vyu\u017e\u00edt Excel, Power BI nebo jin\u00e9 analytick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, jako jsou Tableau nebo Qlik Sense. Ale nejd\u0159\u00edve bych r\u00e1d upozornil na jednu dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost, o kter\u00e9 jste mo\u017en\u00e1 nev\u011bd\u011bli, p\u0159esto\u017ee je v\u00e1m u\u017e dlouho dostupn\u00e1. Hovo\u0159\u00edm o vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed obchodn\u00edch model\u016f pomoc\u00ed analytick\u00fdch slu\u017eeb MS SQL Server, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b o Analysis Services.<\/p>\n

Modely dat v MS Analysis Services<\/h2>\n

\nTato \u010d\u00e1st \u010dl\u00e1nku bude zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e ve sv\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed MS SQL Server.<\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b slu\u017eby Analysis Services poskytuj\u00ed dva typy datov\u00fdch model\u016f \u2013 a to m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed a tabulkov\u00e9 modely. Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee jsou data v t\u011bchto modelech propojena, jsou hodnoty ukazatel\u016f modelu p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u011b agregov\u00e1ny a uchov\u00e1v\u00e1ny v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch OLAP kostek, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159\u00edstup k nim je realizov\u00e1n prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dotaz\u016f MDX nebo DAX. D\u00edky takov\u00e9 architektu\u0159e ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dat se dotaz, kter\u00fd pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 miliony z\u00e1znam\u016f, vrac\u00ed za sekundy. Takov\u00fd zp\u016fsob p\u0159\u00edstupu k dat\u016fm je nezbytn\u00fd pro spole\u010dnosti, jejich\u017e tabulky transakc\u00ed obsahuj\u00ed od milionu z\u00e1znam\u016f (horn\u00ed limit nen\u00ed omezen).<\/p>\n

Excel, Power BI a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch \u201esolidn\u00edch\u201c n\u00e1stroj\u016f dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159ipojit se k takov\u00fdm model\u016fm a vizualizovat jejich strukturovan\u00e1 data.<\/p>\n

Pokud jste se rozhodli pro \u201epokro\u010dilou\u201c cestu: automatizovali jste proces ETL a vytvo\u0159ili obchodn\u00ed modely pomoc\u00ed slu\u017eeb MS SQL Server, zaslou\u017e\u00edte si m\u00edt sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed firemn\u00ed port\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Firemn\u00ed port\u00e1l<\/h2>\n

\nP\u0159es n\u011bj budou administr\u00e1to\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bt monitoring a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed procesu tvorby zpr\u00e1v. P\u0159\u00edtomnost port\u00e1lu umo\u017en\u00ed standardizaci firemn\u00edch referenc\u00ed: informace o klientech, produktech, mana\u017eerech, dodavatel\u00edch budou dostupn\u00e9 pro porovn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u00fapravy a stahov\u00e1n\u00ed na jednom m\u00edst\u011b pro v\u0161echny, kdo je pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. Na port\u00e1lu lze implementovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 funkce pro zm\u011bnu dat \u00fa\u010detn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0159\u00eddit replikaci dat. A co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pomoc\u00ed port\u00e1lu se \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b \u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m organizace omezen\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m \u2013 zam\u011bstnanci budou vid\u011bt pouze ty zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159ipraveny osobn\u011b pro jejich odd\u011blen\u00ed v ur\u010den\u00e9m form\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

Na druhou stranu, zat\u00edm nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jak bude organizov\u00e1no zobrazen\u00ed zpr\u00e1v na str\u00e1nce port\u00e1lu. Abychom na tuto ot\u00e1zku odpov\u011bd\u011bli, je nejprve pot\u0159eba rozhodnout se pro technologii, na jej\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1klad\u011b bude port\u00e1l postaven. Navrhuji vz\u00edt jako z\u00e1klad jeden z r\u00e1mc\u016f: ASP.NET MVC\/Web Forms\/Core nebo Microsoft SharePoint. Pokud m\u00e1 va\u0161e spole\u010dnost alespo\u0148 jednoho .NET v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e, nebude volba obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1. Nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete vyb\u00edrat integrovan\u00e9ho OLAP klienta, kter\u00fd je schopen p\u0159ipojit se k v\u00edcerozm\u011brn\u00fdm nebo tabulkov\u00fdm model\u016fm slu\u017eeb Analysis Services.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdb\u011br OLAP klienta pro vizualizaci<\/h2>\n

\nPorovn\u00e1me n\u011bkolik n\u00e1stroj\u016f podle \u00farovn\u011b slo\u017eitosti integrace, funkcionality a ceny: Power BI, komponenty Telerik UI for ASP.NET MVC a komponenty RadarCube ASP.NET MVC.<\/p>\n

Power BI<\/h3>\n

\nAbychom umo\u017enili p\u0159\u00edstup zam\u011bstnanc\u016f firmy k zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m Power BI na str\u00e1nce vlastn\u00edho port\u00e1lu, je nutn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt funkci Power BI Embedded<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Hned \u0159\u00edk\u00e1m, \u017ee bude pot\u0159eba licence Power BI Premium a dodate\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e1 kapacita. P\u0159\u00edtomnost p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 kapacity umo\u017e\u0148uje publikovat dashboardy a zpr\u00e1vy pro u\u017eivatele v organizaci bez nutnosti po\u0159izovat pro n\u011b licence.<\/p>\n

Nejprve se zpr\u00e1va vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 v Power BI Desktop publikuje na port\u00e1lu Power BI a pot\u00e9 se s pomoc\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9 konfigurace integruje na str\u00e1nku webov\u00e9 aplikace. <\/p>\n

S postupem tvorby jednoduch\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy a jej\u00edm publikov\u00e1n\u00edm si analytik docela dob\u0159e porad\u00ed, ale s integrac\u00ed mohou nastat v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Tak\u00e9 je velmi slo\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit mechanismus fungov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto n\u00e1stroje: velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed nastaven\u00ed cloudov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, spousta p\u0159edplatn\u00fdch, licenc\u00ed a kapacit zna\u010dn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed po\u017eadavky na \u00farove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edpravy specialisty. Proto je lep\u0161\u00ed tuto \u00falohu sv\u011b\u0159it IT specialistovi.<\/p>\n

Komponenty Telerik a RadarCube<\/h3>\n

\nPro integraci komponent\u016f Telerik a RadarCube sta\u010d\u00ed m\u00edt z\u00e1kladn\u00ed znalosti programovac\u00edch technologi\u00ed. Tak\u017ee profesn\u00edch dovednost\u00ed jednoho program\u00e1tora z IT odd\u011blen\u00ed bude zcela dost. V\u0161e, co je pot\u0159eba ud\u011blat, je um\u00edstit komponentu na webovou str\u00e1nku a nastavit ji podle sv\u00fdch pot\u0159eb.<\/p>\n

Komponenta PivotGrid<\/a><\/noindex> sady Telerik UI for ASP.NET MVC se elegantn\u011b integruje na str\u00e1nku pomoc\u00ed Razor a poskytuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed OLAP funkce. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud jsou po\u017eadov\u00e1ny flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nastaven\u00ed rozhran\u00ed a rozvinut\u00e9 funkce, je lep\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt komponenty RadarCube ASP.NET MVC<\/a><\/noindex>. Velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed nastaven\u00ed, bohat\u00e9 funkce s mo\u017enostmi p\u0159edefinov\u00e1n\u00ed a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed umo\u017en\u00ed vytvo\u0159it OLAP zpr\u00e1vu libovoln\u00e9 slo\u017eitosti.<\/p>\n

N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edm tabulku srovn\u00e1n\u00ed charakteristik zva\u017eovan\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f na \u0161k\u00e1le N\u00edzk\u00fd-St\u0159edn\u00ed-Vysok\u00fd.<\/p>\n

 
\nPower BI
\nTelerik UI for ASP.NET MVC
\nRadarCube ASP.NET MVC<\/p>\n

Vizualizace
\nVysok\u00fd
\nN\u00edzk\u00fd
\nSt\u0159edn\u00ed<\/p>\n

Sada OLAP funkc\u00ed
\nVysok\u00fd
\nN\u00edzk\u00fd
\nVysok\u00fd<\/p>\n

Flexibilita nastaven\u00ed
\nVysok\u00fd
\nVysok\u00fd
\nVysok\u00fd<\/p>\n

Mo\u017enost p\u0159edefinov\u00e1n\u00ed funkc\u00ed
\n—
\n—
\n+<\/p>\n

Programov\u00e1 p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed
\n—
\n —
\n+<\/p>\n

\u00darove\u0148 slo\u017eitosti integrace a nastaven\u00ed
\nVysok\u00fd
\nN\u00edzk\u00fd
\nSt\u0159edn\u00ed<\/p>\n

Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed cena
\nPower BI Premium EM3<\/p>\n

190 000 K\u010d\/m\u011bs\u00edc
\nLicence pro jednoho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e<\/p>\n

90 000 K\u010d.<\/p>\n

Licence pro jednoho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e<\/p>\n

25 000 K\u010d.<\/p>\n

\nNyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ej\u00edt k ur\u010den\u00ed krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pro v\u00fdb\u011br analytick\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje.<\/p>\n

Podm\u00ednky v\u00fdb\u011bru Power BI<\/h3>\n

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