I flere år har jeg været ansvarlig for at supportere 10 arbejdsstationer på et universitet, der kører Microsoft Windows 8.1. Støtten består primært i at installere det nødvendige software til undervisningen og sikre den overordnede funktionalitet.
På hver station er der 2 brugere: Administrator og Studerende. Administratoren har fuld kontrol, mens Studerende ikke har mulighed for at installere software. For ikke at skulle rydde op på Studerende-brugeren, slettes denne konto simpelthen og oprettes igen. Dette medfører nogle bevægelser, der skal udføres på hver station.
I år besluttede jeg at automatisere en stor del af disse bevægelser ved hjælp af PowerShell uden ActiveDirectory og har samlet nogle opskrifter, jeg fandt på nettet, i dette indlæg.
Forberedelse
Jeg stødte straks på, at stationerne har PS 4 installeret, og nogle eksempler fra den almene internettet fungerede ikke. Derfor skal der udføres et par handlinger, før de resulterende scripts kan køres:
- Installer
- Installer den nyeste version
Automatiserede handlinger
- Sletning/oprettelse af brugerkonto
- Auto-login for den angivne bruger
- Kør scriptet ved første login af brugeren
Sletning/oprettelse af brugerkonto
Jeg begyndte med oprettelsen. I dette tilfælde skal der udføres 2 handlinger: oprette brugeren () og tilføje den til gruppen (. For nemheds skyld samlede jeg disse kommandoer i en funktion:
Function New-User {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
)
$Pwd = convertto-securestring $Password -asplaintext -force
$GroupSID = "S-1-5-32-545"
New-LocalUser -User $Name -AccountNeverExpires:$true -FullName $Name -Password $Pwd -PasswordNeverExpires:$true
Add-LocalGroupMember -SID $GroupSID -Member $Name
Write-Host "-- Bruger $Name er oprettet med adgangskode $Password" -foregroundcolor Green
}
Jeg tilføjer til gruppen via SID, fordi jeg i en af artiklerne læste, at SID for gruppen Brugere altid er den samme — S-1-5-32-545.
Sletningen blev organiseret efter følgende princip: at fjerne alle konti, der blev oprettet af Administratoren. Dette gøres ved hjælp af WMI-objektet af klassen Win32_UserProfile for at identificere alle brugere, der i øjeblikket ikke er aktive og ikke er specielle.
Function Remove-Users {
[CmdletBinding()]
$UsersProfiles = Get-WMIObject -class Win32_UserProfile -ComputerName $env:COMPUTERNAME | Where {!($_.Loaded) -and !($_.Special)}
foreach($Usr in $UsersProfiles) {
$UsrName = $Usr.LocalPath.Split("")[2]
Write-Host "-- Sletter bruger $UsrName ..." -foregroundcolor Green
Remove-LocalUser -Name $UsrName
Remove-WmiObject -Path $Usr.__PATH
Write-Host "-- Bruger $UsrName slettet" -foregroundcolor Green
}
}
Autologin for den angivne bruger
Her begrænsede det sig til ændringen af registreringsdatabasen HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE. Disse handlinger samlede jeg også i en lille funktion:
Function Set-AutoLogon {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
)
$PathToWinlogon = "HKLM:Software MicrosoftWindows NT CurrentVersion Winlogon"
New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name AutoAdminLogon -Value 1 -PropertyType "String"
New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultUserName -Value $Name -PropertyType "String"
New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultPassword -Value $Password -PropertyType "String"
}
Kør scriptet ved første login af brugeren
Det viste sig, at ikke alt kan konfigureres inden første login for den nye bruger (hvilket var lidt overraskende for mig). Derfor blev der behov for at køre et script, der udfører visse handlinger efter første login:
- Konfiguration af proxy
- Forbud mod oprettelse af filer på skrivebordet
- Konfiguration af brugerens kontrolpanel
Jeg prøvede flere metoder, men den, der virkede for mig, var følgende: opret en opgave. Men jeg kunne ikke oprette opgaven med PS. Derfor tog jeg den lange vej:
schtasks /create /tn LogonUserSettings /tr "pwsh C:ScriptsSettings.ps1" /sc onlogon /ru $env:USERDOMAIN$UserName /rp $Password /f
Men det var ikke nok - Windows bad om tilladelse til at logge ind som et batchjob (SeBatchLogonRight). Søgen efter svaret på, hvordan man gør dette, førte til sådan en :
LsaWrapper
$Source = @'
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace MyLsaWrapper
{
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security;
using System.Management;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.ComponentModel;
using LSA_HANDLE = IntPtr;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES
{
internal int Length;
internal IntPtr RootDirectory;
internal IntPtr ObjectName;
internal int Attributes;
internal IntPtr SecurityDescriptor;
internal IntPtr SecurityQualityOfService;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
struct LSA_UNICODE_STRING
{
internal ushort Length;
internal ushort MaximumLength;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
internal string Buffer;
}
sealed class Win32Sec
{
[DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
internal static extern uint LsaOpenPolicy(
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] SystemName,
ref LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
int AccessMask,
out IntPtr PolicyHandle
);
[DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
internal static extern uint LsaAddAccountRights(
LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
IntPtr pSID,
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] UserRights,
int CountOfRights
);
[DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
internal static extern int LsaLookupNames2(
LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
uint Flags,
uint Count,
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] Names,
ref IntPtr ReferencedDomains,
ref IntPtr Sids
);
[DllImport("advapi32")]
internal static extern int LsaNtStatusToWinError(int NTSTATUS);
[DllImport("advapi32")]
internal static extern int LsaClose(IntPtr PolicyHandle);
[DllImport("advapi32")]
internal static extern int LsaFreeMemory(IntPtr Buffer);
}
/// <summary>
/// This class is used to grant "Log on as a service", "Log on as a batchjob", "Log on localy" etc.
/// to a user.
/// </summary>
public sealed class LsaWrapper : IDisposable
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION
{
internal LSA_UNICODE_STRING Name;
internal IntPtr Sid;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2
{
internal SidNameUse Use;
internal IntPtr Sid;
internal int DomainIndex;
uint Flags;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_REFERENCED_DOMAIN_LIST
{
internal uint Entries;
internal LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION Domains;
}
enum SidNameUse : int
{
User = 1,
Group = 2,
Domain = 3,
Alias = 4,
KnownGroup = 5,
DeletedAccount = 6,
Invalid = 7,
Unknown = 8,
Computer = 9
}
enum Access : int
{
POLICY_READ = 0x20006,
POLICY_ALL_ACCESS = 0x00F0FFF,
POLICY_EXECUTE = 0X20801,
POLICY_WRITE = 0X207F8
}
const uint STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED = 0xc0000022;
const uint STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES = 0xc000009a;
const uint STATUS_NO_MEMORY = 0xc0000017;
IntPtr lsaHandle;
public LsaWrapper()
: this(null)
{ }
// // local system if systemName is null
public LsaWrapper(string systemName)
{
LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES lsaAttr;
lsaAttr.RootDirectory = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.ObjectName = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.Attributes = 0;
lsaAttr.SecurityDescriptor = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.SecurityQualityOfService = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES));
lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] system = null;
if (systemName != null)
{
system = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
system[0] = InitLsaString(systemName);
}
uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaOpenPolicy(system, ref lsaAttr,
(int)Access.POLICY_ALL_ACCESS, out lsaHandle);
if (ret == 0)
return;
if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
{
throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
}
if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
{
throw new OutOfMemoryException();
}
throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
}
public void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
{
IntPtr pSid = GetSIDInformation(account);
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] privileges = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
privileges[0] = InitLsaString(privilege);
uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaAddAccountRights(lsaHandle, pSid, privileges, 1);
if (ret == 0)
return;
if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
{
throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
}
if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
{
throw new OutOfMemoryException();
}
throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
}
public void Dispose()
{
if (lsaHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
{
Win32Sec.LsaClose(lsaHandle);
lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
}
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
~LsaWrapper()
{
Dispose();
}
// helper functions
IntPtr GetSIDInformation(string account)
{
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] names = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2 lts;
IntPtr tsids = IntPtr.Zero;
IntPtr tdom = IntPtr.Zero;
names[0] = InitLsaString(account);
lts.Sid = IntPtr.Zero;
//Console.WriteLine("String account: {0}", names[0].Length);
int ret = Win32Sec.LsaLookupNames2(lsaHandle, 0, 1, names, ref tdom, ref tsids);
if (ret != 0)
throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError(ret));
lts = (LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2)Marshal.PtrToStructure(tsids,
typeof(LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2));
Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tsids);
Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tdom);
return lts.Sid;
}
static LSA_UNICODE_STRING InitLsaString(string s)
{
// Unicode strings max. 32KB
if (s.Length > 0x7ffe)
throw new ArgumentException("String too long");
LSA_UNICODE_STRING lus = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();
lus.Buffer = s;
lus.Length = (ushort)(s.Length * sizeof(char));
lus.MaximumLength = (ushort)(lus.Length + sizeof(char));
return lus;
}
}
public class LsaWrapperCaller
{
public static void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
{
using (LsaWrapper lsaWrapper = new LsaWrapper())
{
lsaWrapper.AddPrivileges(account, privilege);
}
}
}
}
'@
Add-Type -TypeDefinition $Source
[MyLsaWrapper.LsaWrapperCaller]::AddPrivileges($Identity, "SeBatchLogonRight")
Tilladelse til at logge ind som et batchjob gjorde det muligt at komme videre - til skrivningen af et script, der udføres som bruger.
Konfiguration af proxy
Indstillingen af proxyen viste sig at være simpel. blev hurtigt fundet:
Function Set-Proxy {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Server,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][Int]$Port
)
If ((Test-NetConnection -ComputerName $Server -Port $Port).TcpTestSucceeded) {
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:SoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionInternet Settings' -name ProxyServer -Value "$($Server):$($Port)"
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:SoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionInternet Settings' -name ProxyEnable -Value 1
} Else {
Write-Error -Message "-- Ugyldig proxyserver adresse eller port: $($Server):$($Port)"
}
}
Forbud mod oprettelse af filer på skrivebordet
Det tog længere tid at håndtere forbuddet mod at oprette filer på skrivebordet end med netværket. At tildele rettigheder til mappen viste sig ikke at være så enkelt som i *nix-systemer. Men her fandt jeg også svar, som jeg med succes tilpassede til mig selv:
Funktion Set-AccessRule {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Indstilling af rettigheder til en mappe
.DESCRIPTION
Denne funktion indstiller de angivne rettigheder til en mappe
.EXAMPLE
#Set-AccessRule -Folder $env:USERPROFILEDesktop -UserName $env:USERNAME -Rules CreateFiles,AppendData -AccessControlType Deny
.PARAMETER Folder
Den mappe, hvor der udføres handlingen (obligatorisk parameter)
.PARAMETER UserName
Brugernavnet for den konto, der skal have adgangsrettigheder (obligatorisk parameter)
.PARAMETER Rules
Adgangsrettigheder adskilt af komma (obligatorisk parameter)
.PARAMETER AccessControlType
Obligatorisk parameter, der kan have én af to værdier: Allow eller Deny
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][Path]$Folder,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$UserName,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Rules,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$AccessControlType
)
#Henter den nuværende ACL for skrivebordet
$acl = Get-Acl $Folder
#Opretter en variabel med de nødvendige rettigheder
$fileSystemRights = [System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights]"$Rules"
#Opretter en variabel med angivelse af bruger, adgangsrettigheder og tilladelses type
$AccessRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule($UserName, $fileSystemRights, $AccessControlType)
#Sender variablen til klassen FileSystemAccessRule for at oprette et objekt
$acl.SetAccessRule($AccessRule)
#Anvender rettighederne til mappen
$acl | Set-Acl $Folder
}
Set-AccessRule -Folder $env:USERPROFILEDesktop -UserName $env:USERNAME -Rules CreateFiles,AppendData,Delete -AccessControlType Deny
Beskrivelse af FileSystemRights på den officielle .
Konfiguration af brugerens kontrolpanel
Det var ikke nødvendigt at gøre, men jeg tænkte, det ville være fedt at give studerende et tilpasset panel med ofte brugte programmer. Svaret blev fundet .
PinnedApplication
function Set-PinnedApplication
{
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Action,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$FilePath
)
if(-not (test-path $FilePath)) {
throw "FilePath does not exist."
}
function InvokeVerb {
param([string]$FilePath,$verb)
$verb = $verb.Replace("&","")
$path = split-path $FilePath
$shell = new-object -com "Shell.Application"
$folder = $shell.Namespace($path)
$item = $folder.Parsename((split-path $FilePath -leaf))
$itemVerb = $item.Verbs() | ? {$_.Name.Replace("&","") -eq $verb}
if($itemVerb -eq $null){
throw "Verb $verb not found."
} else {
$itemVerb.DoIt()
}
}
function GetVerb {
param([int]$verbId)
try {
$t = [type]"CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper"
} catch {
$def = [Text.StringBuilder]""
[void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("user32.dll")]')
[void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern int LoadString(IntPtr h,uint id, System.Text.StringBuilder sb,int maxBuffer);')
[void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]')
[void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string s);')
Add-Type -MemberDefinition $def.ToString() -name MuiHelper -namespace CosmosKey.Util
}
if($global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 -eq $null){
$global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 = [CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadLibrary("shell32.dll")
}
$maxVerbLength=255
$verbBuilder = New-Object Text.StringBuilder "",$maxVerbLength
[void][CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadString($CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32,$verbId,$verbBuilder,$maxVerbLength)
return $verbBuilder.ToString()
}
$verbs = @{
"PintoTaskbar"=5386
"UnpinfromTaskbar"=5387
}
if($verbs.$Action -eq $null){
Throw "Action $action not supported`nSupported actions are:`n`tPintoTaskbar`n`tUnpinfromTaskbar"
}
InvokeVerb -FilePath $FilePath -Verb $(GetVerb -VerbId $verbs.$action)
}
Konklusion
Scripts are working, the maintenance time for each station has decreased, the goal is achieved. For me, as a Linux user, configuring Windows turned out to be quite an adventure, though enlightening. I will continue developing the configuration script. I plan to add checks for installed software and install it while running the antivirus.
Final scripts that are in use
Run as Administrator
Function New-User {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Создание нового пользователя
.DESCRIPTION
Данная функция создает нового пользователя и добавляет его в группу Пользователи
.EXAMPLE
#New-User "Student" "Student"
.PARAMETER Name
Имя нового пользователя (обязательный параметр)
.PARAMETER Password
Пароль (обязательный параметр)
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
)
$Pwd = convertto-securestring $Password -asplaintext -force
$GroupSID = "S-1-5-32-545"
New-LocalUser -User $Name -AccountNeverExpires:$true -FullName $Name -Password $Pwd -PasswordNeverExpires:$true
Add-LocalGroupMember -SID $GroupSID -Member $Name
Write-Host "-- Создан пользователь $Name с паролем $Password" -foregroundcolor Green
}
Function Remove-Users {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Удаление пользователей
.DESCRIPTION
Данная функция удаляет пользователей, которые сейчас не активны и не являются специальными
Удаляются в том числе рабочий каталог и реестр пользователей
.EXAMPLE
#Remove-Users
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
$UsersProfiles = Get-WMIObject -class Win32_UserProfile -ComputerName $env:COMPUTERNAME | Where {!($_.Loaded) -and !($_.Special)}
foreach($Usr in $UsersProfiles) {
$UsrName = $Usr.LocalPath.Split("")[2]
Write-Host "-- Удаление пользователя $UsrName ..." -foregroundcolor Green
Remove-LocalUser -Name $UsrName
Remove-WmiObject -Path $Usr.__PATH
Write-Host "-- Пользователь $UsrName удален" -foregroundcolor Green
}
}
Function Set-AutoLogon {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Включение автовхода для пользователя
.DESCRIPTION
Данная функция включает автовход для указанного пользователя
.EXAMPLE
#Set-AutoLogon "Student" "Student"
.PARAMETER Name
Имя пользователя (обязательный параметр)
.PARAMETER Password
Пароль (обязательный параметр)
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Name,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Password
)
$PathToWinlogon = "HKLM:SoftwareMicrosoftWindows NTCurrentVersionWinlogon"
New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name AutoAdminLogon -Value 1 -PropertyType "String"
New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultUserName -Value $Name -PropertyType "String"
New-ItemProperty -Path $PathToWinlogon -Name DefaultPassword -Value $Password -PropertyType "String"
}
$Source = @'
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace MyLsaWrapper
{
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security;
using System.Management;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.ComponentModel;
using LSA_HANDLE = IntPtr;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES
{
internal int Length;
internal IntPtr RootDirectory;
internal IntPtr ObjectName;
internal int Attributes;
internal IntPtr SecurityDescriptor;
internal IntPtr SecurityQualityOfService;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
struct LSA_UNICODE_STRING
{
internal ushort Length;
internal ushort MaximumLength;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
internal string Buffer;
}
sealed class Win32Sec
{
[DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
internal static extern uint LsaOpenPolicy(
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] SystemName,
ref LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
int AccessMask,
out IntPtr PolicyHandle
);
[DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
internal static extern uint LsaAddAccountRights(
LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
IntPtr pSID,
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] UserRights,
int CountOfRights
);
[DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true),
SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
internal static extern int LsaLookupNames2(
LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
uint Flags,
uint Count,
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] Names,
ref IntPtr ReferencedDomains,
ref IntPtr Sids
);
[DllImport("advapi32")]
internal static extern int LsaNtStatusToWinError(int NTSTATUS);
[DllImport("advapi32")]
internal static extern int LsaClose(IntPtr PolicyHandle);
[DllImport("advapi32")]
internal static extern int LsaFreeMemory(IntPtr Buffer);
}
/// <summary>
/// This class is used to grant "Log on as a service", "Log on as a batchjob", "Log on localy" etc.
/// to a user.
/// </summary>
public sealed class LsaWrapper : IDisposable
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION
{
internal LSA_UNICODE_STRING Name;
internal IntPtr Sid;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2
{
internal SidNameUse Use;
internal IntPtr Sid;
internal int DomainIndex;
uint Flags;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct LSA_REFERENCED_DOMAIN_LIST
{
internal uint Entries;
internal LSA_TRUST_INFORMATION Domains;
}
enum SidNameUse : int
{
User = 1,
Group = 2,
Domain = 3,
Alias = 4,
KnownGroup = 5,
DeletedAccount = 6,
Invalid = 7,
Unknown = 8,
Computer = 9
}
enum Access : int
{
POLICY_READ = 0x20006,
POLICY_ALL_ACCESS = 0x00F0FFF,
POLICY_EXECUTE = 0X20801,
POLICY_WRITE = 0X207F8
}
const uint STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED = 0xc0000022;
const uint STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES = 0xc000009a;
const uint STATUS_NO_MEMORY = 0xc0000017;
IntPtr lsaHandle;
public LsaWrapper()
: this(null)
{ }
// // local system if systemName is null
public LsaWrapper(string systemName)
{
LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES lsaAttr;
lsaAttr.RootDirectory = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.ObjectName = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.Attributes = 0;
lsaAttr.SecurityDescriptor = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.SecurityQualityOfService = IntPtr.Zero;
lsaAttr.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES));
lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] system = null;
if (systemName != null)
{
system = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
system[0] = InitLsaString(systemName);
}
uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaOpenPolicy(system, ref lsaAttr,
(int)Access.POLICY_ALL_ACCESS, out lsaHandle);
if (ret == 0)
return;
if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
{
throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
}
if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
{
throw new OutOfMemoryException();
}
throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
}
public void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
{
IntPtr pSid = GetSIDInformation(account);
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] privileges = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
privileges[0] = InitLsaString(privilege);
uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaAddAccountRights(lsaHandle, pSid, privileges, 1);
if (ret == 0)
return;
if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED)
{
throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
}
if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY))
{
throw new OutOfMemoryException();
}
throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
}
public void Dispose()
{
if (lsaHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
{
Win32Sec.LsaClose(lsaHandle);
lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
}
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
~LsaWrapper()
{
Dispose();
}
// helper functions
IntPtr GetSIDInformation(string account)
{
LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] names = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2 lts;
IntPtr tsids = IntPtr.Zero;
IntPtr tdom = IntPtr.Zero;
names[0] = InitLsaString(account);
lts.Sid = IntPtr.Zero;
//Console.WriteLine("String account: {0}", names[0].Length);
int ret = Win32Sec.LsaLookupNames2(lsaHandle, 0, 1, names, ref tdom, ref tsids);
if (ret != 0)
throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError(ret));
lts = (LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2)Marshal.PtrToStructure(tsids,
typeof(LSA_TRANSLATED_SID2));
Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tsids);
Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(tdom);
return lts.Sid;
}
static LSA_UNICODE_STRING InitLsaString(string s)
{
// Unicode strings max. 32KB
if (s.Length > 0x7ffe)
throw new ArgumentException("String too long");
LSA_UNICODE_STRING lus = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();
lus.Buffer = s;
lus.Length = (ushort)(s.Length * sizeof(char));
lus.MaximumLength = (ushort)(lus.Length + sizeof(char));
return lus;
}
}
public class LsaWrapperCaller
{
public static void AddPrivileges(string account, string privilege)
{
using (LsaWrapper lsaWrapper = new LsaWrapper())
{
lsaWrapper.AddPrivileges(account, privilege);
}
}
}
}
'@
Add-Type -TypeDefinition $Source | Out-Null
# -------------------------
# Пересоздание пользователя
# -------------------------
$UserName = "Student"
$Password = "Student"
Remove-Users | Out-Null
New-User $UserName $Password | Out-Null
Set-AutoLogon $UserName $Password | Out-Null
[MyLsaWrapper.LsaWrapperCaller]::AddPrivileges($UserName, "SeBatchLogonRight") | Out-Null
write-host "-- разрешен вход в качестве пакетного задания для пользователя $UserName" -foregroundcolor Green
schtasks /create /tn LogonUserSettings /tr "pwsh C:ScriptsSetupUser.ps1" /sc onlogon /ru $env:USERDOMAIN$UserName /rp $Password /f
Executed by user Student
Function Set-Proxy {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Server,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][Int]$Port
)
If ((Test-NetConnection -ComputerName $Server -Port $Port).TcpTestSucceeded) {
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:SoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionInternet Settings' -name ProxyServer -Value "$($Server):$($Port)"
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:SoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionInternet Settings' -name ProxyEnable -Value 1
} Else {
Write-Error -Message "-- Ugyldig proxyserveradresse eller port: $($Server):$($Port)"
}
}
Function Set-AccessRule {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Folder,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$UserName,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Rules,
[PARAMETER(Mandatory=$True)][String]$AccessControlType
)
# Læs den nuværende ACL-liste for skrivebordet
$acl = Get-Acl $Folder
# Opret en variabel med de nødvendige rettigheder
$fileSystemRights = [System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights]"$Rules"
# Opret en variabel med brugeren, adgangsrettighederne og typen af tilladelse
$AccessRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule($UserName, $fileSystemRights, $AccessControlType)
# Overførs variablen til FileSystemAccessRule-klassen for at oprette et objekt
$acl.SetAccessRule($AccessRule)
# Anvend rettighederne på mappen
$acl | Set-Acl $Folder
}
function Set-PinnedApplication
{
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$Action,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)][String]$FilePath
)
if(-not (test-path $FilePath)) {
throw "FilePath findes ikke."
}
function InvokeVerb {
param([string]$FilePath,$verb)
$verb = $verb.Replace("&","")
$path = split-path $FilePath
$shell = new-object -com "Shell.Application"
$folder = $shell.Namespace($path)
$item = $folder.Parsename((split-path $FilePath -leaf))
$itemVerb = $item.Verbs() | ? {$_.Name.Replace("&","") -eq $verb}
if($itemVerb -eq $null){
throw "Verb $verb ikke fundet."
} else {
$itemVerb.DoIt()
}
}
function GetVerb {
param([int]$verbId)
try {
$t = [type]"CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper"
} catch {
$def = [Text.StringBuilder]""
[void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("user32.dll")]')
[void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern int LoadString(IntPtr h,uint id, System.Text.StringBuilder sb,int maxBuffer);')
[void]$def.AppendLine('[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]')
[void]$def.AppendLine('public static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string s);')
Add-Type -MemberDefinition $def.ToString() -name MuiHelper -namespace CosmosKey.Util
}
if($global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 -eq $null){
$global:CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32 = [CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadLibrary("shell32.dll")
}
$maxVerbLength=255
$verbBuilder = New-Object Text.StringBuilder "",$maxVerbLength
[void][CosmosKey.Util.MuiHelper]::LoadString($CosmosKey_Utils_MuiHelper_Shell32,$verbId,$verbBuilder,$maxVerbLength)
return $verbBuilder.ToString()
}
$verbs = @{
"PintoTaskbar"=5386
"UnpinfromTaskbar"=5387
}
if($verbs.$Action -eq $null){
Throw "Handling $action understøttes ikke`nUnderstøttede handlinger er:`n`tPintoTaskbar`n`tUnpinfromTaskbar"
}
InvokeVerb -FilePath $FilePath -Verb $(GetVerb -VerbId $verbs.$action)
}
Set-Proxy cproxy.udsu.ru 8080
Set-AccessRule -Folder $env:USERPROFILEDesktop -UserName $env:USERNAME -Rules "CreateFiles,AppendData,Delete" -AccessControlType Deny
Set-PinnedApplication -Action UnpinfromTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramFilesInternet Exploreriexplore.exe"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}Mozilla Firefoxfirefox.exe"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramDataMicrosoftWindowsStart MenuProgramsMicrosoft Office 2013Excel 2013.lnk"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramDataMicrosoftWindowsStart MenuProgramsMicrosoft Office 2013Word 2013.lnk"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramDataMicrosoftWindowsStart MenuProgramsMicrosoft Office 2013PowerPoint 2013.lnk"
Set-PinnedApplication -Action PintoTaskbar -FilePath "$env:ProgramDataMicrosoftWindowsStart MenuProgramsАСКОНКОМПАС-3D V16КОМПАС-3D V16.lnk"
# Fjern opgaven efter udførelse
Unregister-ScheduledTask -TaskName UdSUSettingStudent -Confirm:$false
Kilde: habr.com
