Del 4: Kører stadig Linux på RocketChip RISC-V

Del 4: Kører stadig Linux på RocketChip RISC-V På billedet sender Linux-kernen hilsner til dig via GPIO.

I denne del af historien om at portere RISC-V RocketChip til et kinesisk bord med Cyclone IV, vil vi stadig køre Linux og også lære, hvordan man selv konfigurerer IP Core-hukommelsescontrolleren og redigerer DTS-beskrivelsen af ​​udstyret lidt. Denne artikel er en fortsættelse tredje del, men i modsætning til den ret omfattende forrige, bliver den ret kort.

… Fordi setup_smp kaldes kun hvis kernen er konfigureret med SMP-understøttelse, kan du prøve at deaktivere multi-core. Det vil være ubehageligt, hvis jeg også skal implementere atomicitetsunderstøttelse i hukommelsesmodulet (det forekom mig, at cachen pillede med dette alene), men i enkeltkerne-tilfældet burde det ikke forstyrre os.

Tog stadig ikke fart...

[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 Thu Jul 4 18:38:10 MSK 2019
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[    0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (16777216 bytes)
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[    0.000000] Unable to find "cpu" devicetree entry
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 258055
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: debug console=ttySIF0,125200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 loglevel=7 rootwait
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[    0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[    0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper  pfn:80bf7
[    0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029e08 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x1
[    0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000100 0000000000000200 0000000000000000
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[    0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[    0.000000] Modules linked in:
[    0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[    0.000000] Call Trace:
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000094bb0>] free_pcppages_bulk+0x106/0x36c
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000957be>] free_unref_page_commit.isra.23+0x86/0x8e
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960bc>] free_unref_page+0x44/0x58
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960de>] __free_pages.part.28+0xe/0x22
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[    0.000000] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
[    0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper  pfn:80bf9
[    0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029e78 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[    0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f020080 ffffffe03f020080 0000000000000000
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[    0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[    0.000000] Modules linked in:
[    0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G    B             4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[    0.000000] Call Trace:
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000955c6>] __free_pages_ok+0x3fe/0x430
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960ea>] __free_pages.part.28+0x1a/0x22
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[    0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper  pfn:80bfa
[    0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029eb0 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[    0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f0200b8 ffffffe03f0200b8 0000000000000000
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[    0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[    0.000000] Modules linked in:
[    0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G    B             4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[    0.000000] Call Trace:
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000955c6>] __free_pages_ok+0x3fe/0x430
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960ea>] __free_pages.part.28+0x1a/0x22
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[    0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper  pfn:80bfb
[    0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029ee8 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[    0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f0200f0 ffffffe03f0200f0 0000000000000000
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[    0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[    0.000000] Modules linked in:
[    0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G    B             4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[    0.000000] Call Trace:
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000955c6>] __free_pages_ok+0x3fe/0x430
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960ea>] __free_pages.part.28+0x1a/0x22
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[    0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[    0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper  pfn:80bfc
[    0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029f20 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[    0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f020028 ffffffe03f020028 0000000000000000
[    0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
...

Det er interessant, at jeg efter al fejlsøgningen besluttede at se på, hvordan "reference"-kerneoutputtet skulle se ud, sagde han make qemu, og så en lignende fejl.

Ak, det næste niveau (Linux-kernen) er mere kompliceret: GDB, forbundet via JTAG til RocketChip, fungerer tilsyneladende med fysiske adresser uanset hvordan MMU'en er konfigureret, og kernen i det øjeblik, vi er interesseret i, har allerede konfigureret skærmen af adresser, så det er nemt at sige display/10i $pc det går ikke - vi ser kun meget unimp. Men hvis vi allerede har fundet ud af forskydningen (det ser ud til at 0x80200000 -> 0xffffffe000000000), så kan du snyde:

1: x/10i $pc
=> 0xffffffe000002436 <setup_smp>:      unimp
   0xffffffe000002438 <setup_smp+2>:    unimp
   0xffffffe00000243a <setup_smp+4>:    unimp
   0xffffffe00000243c <setup_smp+6>:    unimp
   0xffffffe00000243e <setup_smp+8>:    unimp
   0xffffffe000002440 <setup_smp+10>:   unimp
   0xffffffe000002442 <setup_smp+12>:   unimp
   0xffffffe000002444 <setup_smp+14>:   unimp
   0xffffffe000002446 <setup_smp+16>:   unimp
   0xffffffe000002448 <setup_smp+18>:   unimp
(gdb) undisplay 1
(gdb) display/10i ($pc - 0xffffffe000002436 + 0x80202436)
2: x/10i ($pc - 0xffffffe000002436 + 0x80202436)
   0x80202436:  addi    sp,sp,-96
   0x80202438:  sd      s0,80(sp)
   0x8020243a:  sd      s1,72(sp)
   0x8020243c:  sd      s2,64(sp)
   0x8020243e:  sd      s3,56(sp)
   0x80202440:  sd      s4,48(sp)
   0x80202442:  sd      s5,40(sp)
   0x80202444:  sd      s6,32(sp)
   0x80202446:  sd      s7,24(sp)
   0x80202448:  sd      s8,16(sp)

Breakpoints indstilles på samme måde:

(gdb) p setup_smp
$1 = {<text variable, no debug info>} 0xffffffe000002436 <setup_smp>
(gdb) b *0x80202436
Breakpoint 1 at 0x80202436
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.
setup_smp () at /home/trosinenko/freedom-u-sdk/linux/arch/riscv/kernel/smpboot.c:58
58              while ((dn = of_find_node_by_type(dn, "cpu"))) {
(gdb) bt
#0  setup_smp () at /home/trosinenko/freedom-u-sdk/linux/arch/riscv/kernel/smpboot.c:58
#1  0xffffffe0000022a2 in setup_arch () at /home/trosinenko/freedom-u-sdk/linux/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c:253
#2  0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
Backtrace stopped: frame did not save the PC

Men du skal manuelt fjerne dem for at komme videre - for GDB er dette en slags fuldstændig uforståelig fælde. Åh ja, hvis du tilfældigvis siger s eller n i stedet for si, vil gdb forsøge at indsætte et implicit brudpunkt, som af indlysende årsager ikke vil blive sat, men der er ingen måde at fraråde GDB. Men skynd dig ikke at genstarte brættet - ifølge mine observationer er det nok kun at genstarte gdb (bemærk, at de gamle brudpunkter muligvis ikke forsvinder).

Faktisk bliver du nødt til at håndtere det oprindelige problem: placeringen af ​​debugging printk ind i en funktion of_find_node_by_type, brugt af startprocessorens kerne-søgekode, viser, at den ser en slags skrald i stedet for enhedstypenavne. For eksempel tager den linjen "Seriel port" fra et sted, selvom dette tydeligvis ikke er i dtb-feltet device_type. Efter at have søgt efter disse bytes i kernebilledet fandt jeg dem, kiggede på offset og indså det åbenlyse: størrelsen af ​​kernen i boot-parametrene er klart undervurderet: den er tildelt 8 Mb, men den fylder mere end ti. Jeg tildelte 16Mb, men det mærkelige stoppede ikke. Efter at have danset med at læse FDT fra forskellige adresser (normalt overføres adressen til kernen i registret a1), besluttede jeg endelig at spore, men hvad сейчас det er analyseret der. Heldigvis, i stedet for at gå rundt med en debugger (og vi husker, at der er nuancer med adresseoversættelse, som stadig mangler at blive løst på den ene eller anden måde), kan du simpelthen og krykke i filen drivers/of/fdt.c angive #define pr_debug printk. Resultatet blev:

tilføjelse af fejlfindingsoutput

diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
index 3db0d71d128b..fac47df9d1db 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(void)

 void __init parse_dtb(unsigned int hartid, void *dtb)
 {
+       printk("HART = %u DTB = %lxn", hartid, dtb);
        early_init_dt_scan(__va(dtb));
 }

diff --git a/drivers/of/base.c b/drivers/of/base.c
index 74eaedd5b860..c019e4158e1d 100644
--- a/drivers/of/base.c
+++ b/drivers/of/base.c
@@ -940,10 +940,12 @@ struct device_node *of_find_node_by_type(struct device_node *from,
        unsigned long flags;

        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&devtree_lock, flags);
-       for_each_of_allnodes_from(from, np)
+       for_each_of_allnodes_from(from, np) {
+               printk("%lx %lx [%s] | [%s]n", from, np, np->type, type);
                if (np->type && (of_node_cmp(np->type, type) == 0)
                    && of_node_get(np))
                        break;
+       }
        of_node_put(from);
        raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&devtree_lock, flags);
        return np;
diff --git a/drivers/of/fdt.c b/drivers/of/fdt.c
index 800ad252cf9c..2b45870ebada 100644
--- a/drivers/of/fdt.c
+++ b/drivers/of/fdt.c
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@

 #include "of_private.h"

+#define pr_debug printk
+
 /*
  * of_fdt_limit_memory - limit the number of regions in the /memory node
  * @limit: maximum entries
@@ -1253,6 +1255,7 @@ bool __init early_init_dt_scan(void *params)
  */
 void __init unflatten_device_tree(void)
 {
+       printk("INITIAL: %lxn", initial_boot_params);
        __unflatten_device_tree(initial_boot_params, NULL, &of_root,
                                early_init_dt_alloc_memory_arch, false);

Output på hardware

                SIFIVE, INC.

         5555555555555555555555555
        5555                   5555
       5555                     5555
      5555                       5555
     5555       5555555555555555555555
    5555       555555555555555555555555
   5555                             5555
  5555                               5555
 5555                                 5555
5555555555555555555555555555          55555
 55555           555555555           55555
   55555           55555           55555
     55555           5           55555
       55555                   55555
         55555               55555
           55555           55555
             55555       55555
               55555   55555
                 555555555
                   55555
                     5

           SiFive RISC-V Core IP
 {
  #address-cells = <0x00000001>;
  #size-cells = <0x00000001>;
  compatible = "freechips,rocketchip-unknown-dev";
  model = "freechips,rocketchip-unknown";
  chosen {
    linux,initrd-start = <0x82000000>;
    riscv,kernel-end = <0x81200000>;
    riscv,kernel-start = <0x80200000>;
    #address-cells = <0x00000001>;
    #size-cells = <0x00000000>;
    bootargs = <0x64656275 0x6720636f 0x6e736f6c 0x653d7474 0x79534946 0x302c3132 0x35323030 0x20726f6f 0x743d2f64 0x65762f6d 0x6d63626c 0x6b307032 0x206c6f67 0x6c657665 0x6c3d3720 0x726f6f74 0x77616974>;
  }
  firmware {
    sifive,uboot = "YYYY-MM-DD";
  }
  aliases {
    serial0 = <0x2f736f63 0x2f736572 0x69616c40 0x36343030 0x30303030>;
  }
  cpus {
    #address-cells = <0x00000001>;
    #size-cells = <0x00000000>;
    cpu@0 {
      device_type = "cpu";
      clock-frequency = <0x00000000>;
      compatible = "sifive,rocket0", "riscv";
      d-cache-block-size = <0x00000010>;
      d-cache-sets = <0x00000040>;
      d-cache-size = <0x00001000>;
      d-tlb-sets = <0x00000001>;
      d-tlb-size = <0x00000020>;
      i-cache-block-size = <0x00000010>;
      i-cache-sets = <0x00000040>;
      i-cache-size = <0x00001000>;
      i-tlb-sets = <0x00000001>;
      i-tlb-size = <0x00000020>;
      mmu-type = "riscv,sv39";
      next-level-cache = <0x00000001>;
      reg = <0x00000000>;
      riscv,isa = "rv64imafdc";
      status = "okay";
      timebase-frequency = <0x000f4240>;
      tlb-split;
      interrupt-controller {
        #interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
        compatible = "riscv,cpu-intc";
        interrupt-controller;
        phandle = <0x00000002>;
      }
    }
  }
  ram@80000000 {
    device_type = "memory";
    reg = <0x80000000 0x40000000>;
    reg-names = "mem";
    phandle = <0x00000001>;
  }
  soc {
    #address-cells = <0x00000001>;
    #size-cells = <0x00000001>;
    compatible = "freechips,rocketchip-unknown-soc", "simple-bus";
    ranges;
    clint@2000000 {
      compatible = "riscv,clint0";
      interrupts-extended = <0x00000002 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000007>;
      reg = <0x02000000 0x00010000>;
      reg-names = "control";
    }
    debug-controller@0 {
      compatible = "sifive,debug-013", "riscv,debug-013";
      interrupts-extended = <0x00000002 0x0000ffff>;
      reg = <0x00000000 0x00001000>;
      reg-names = "control";
    }
    gpio@64002000 {
      #gpio-cells = <0x00000002>;
      #interrupt-cells = <0x00000002>;
      compatible = "sifive,gpio0";
      gpio-controller;
      interrupt-controller;
      interrupt-parent = <0x00000003>;
      interrupts = <0x00000003 0x00000004 0x00000005 0x00000006 0x00000007 0x00000008>;
      reg = <0x64002000 0x00001000>;
      reg-names = "control";
    }
    interrupt-controller@c000000 {
      #interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
      compatible = "riscv,plic0";
      interrupt-controller;
      interrupts-extended = <0x00000002 0x0000000b 0x00000002 0x00000009>;
      reg = <0x0c000000 0x04000000>;
      reg-names = "control";
      riscv,max-priority = <0x00000007>;
      riscv,ndev = <0x00000008>;
      phandle = <0x00000003>;
    }
    rom@10000 {
      compatible = "sifive,maskrom0";
      reg = <0x00010000 0x00002000>;
      reg-names = "mem";
    }
    serial@64000000 {
      compatible = "sifive,uart0";
      interrupt-parent = <0x00000003>;
      interrupts = <0x00000002>;
      reg = <0x64000000 0x00001000>;
      reg-names = "control";
    }
    spi@64001000 {
      #address-cells = <0x00000001>;
      #size-cells = <0x00000000>;
      compatible = "sifive,spi0";
      interrupt-parent = <0x00000003>;
      interrupts = <0x00000001>;
      reg = <0x64001000 0x00001000>;
      reg-names = "control";
      mmc@0 {
        compatible = "mmc-spi-slot";
        disable-wp;
        reg = <0x00000000>;
        spi-max-frequency = <0x01312d00>;
        voltage-ranges = <0x00000ce4 0x00000ce4>;
      }
    }
    tlclk {
      #clock-cells = <0x00000000>;
      clock-frequency = <0x017d7840>;
      clock-output-names = "tlclk";
      compatible = "fixed-clock";
    }
  }
}
[    0.000000] HART = 0 DTB = 81200000
[    0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 0, uname:
[    0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 1, uname: chosen
[    0.000000] Looking for initrd properties...
[    0.000000] Command line is: debug console=ttySIF0,125200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 loglevel=7 rootwait
[    0.000000] dt_root_size_cells = 1
[    0.000000] dt_root_addr_cells = 1
[    0.000000] memory scan node ram@80000000, reg size 8,
[    0.000000]  - 80000000 ,  40000000
[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Sat Jul 6 12:14:41 MSK 2019
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[    0.000000] initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] INITIAL: ffffffe001000000
[    0.000000]  -> unflatten_device_tree()
[    0.000000] Unflattening device tree:
[    0.000000] magic: d00dfeed
[    0.000000] size: 00001000
[    0.000000] version: 00000011
[    0.000000]   size is 13512, allocating...
[    0.000000]   unflattening (____ptrval____)...
[    0.000000] fixed up name for  ->
[    0.000000] fixed up name for chosen -> chosen
[    0.000000] fixed up name for firmware -> firmware
[    0.000000] fixed up name for aliases -> aliases
[    0.000000] fixed up name for cpus -> cpus
[    0.000000] fixed up name for cpu@0 -> cpu
[    0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller -> interrupt-controller
[    0.000000] fixed up name for ram@80000000 -> ram
[    0.000000] fixed up name for soc -> soc
[    0.000000] fixed up name for clint@2000000 -> clint
[    0.000000] fixed up name for debug-controller@0 -> debug-controller
[    0.000000] fixed up name for gpio@64002000 -> gpio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller@c000000 -> interrupt-controller
[    0.000000] fixed up name for rom@10000 -> rom
[    0.000000] fixed up name for serial@64000000 -> serial
[    0.000000] fixed up name for spi@64001000 -> spi
[    0.000000] fixed up name for mmc@0 -> mmc
[    0.000000] fixed up name for tlclk -> tlclk
[    0.000000]  <- unflatten_device_tree()
[    0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcab0 [attach() failed for %s with error %d
[    0.000000] ] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03eff0020 [(null)] | [cpu]

Output til QEMU

                SIFIVE, INC.
5555555555555555555555555
5555                   5555
5555                     5555
5555                       5555
5555       5555555555555555555555
5555       555555555555555555555555
5555                             5555
5555                               5555
5555                                 5555
5555555555555555555555555555          55555
55555           555555555           55555
55555           55555           55555
55555           5           55555
55555                   55555
55555               55555
55555           55555
55555       55555
55555   55555
555555555
55555
5
SiFive RISC-V Core IP
{
#address-cells = <0x00000002>;
#size-cells = <0x00000002>;
compatible = "riscv-virtio";
model = "riscv-virtio,qemu";
chosen {
linux,initrd-start = <0x00000000 0x88000000>;
linux,initrd-end = <0x00000000 0x88442b86>;
riscv,kernel-start = <0x00000000 0x80200000>;
riscv,kernel-end = <0x00000000 0x80c482ac>;
bootargs = "";
stdout-path = <0x2f756172 0x74403130 0x30303030>;
}
uart@10000000 {
interrupts = <0x0000000a>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
clock-frequency = <0x00384000>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10000000 0x00000000 0x00000100>;
compatible = "ns16550a";
}
test@100000 {
reg = <0x00000000 0x00100000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "sifive,test0";
}
virtio_mmio@10008000 {
interrupts = <0x00000008>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10008000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10007000 {
interrupts = <0x00000007>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10007000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10006000 {
interrupts = <0x00000006>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10006000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10005000 {
interrupts = <0x00000005>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10005000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10004000 {
interrupts = <0x00000004>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10004000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10003000 {
interrupts = <0x00000003>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10003000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10002000 {
interrupts = <0x00000002>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10002000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10001000 {
interrupts = <0x00000001>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10001000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
cpus {
#address-cells = <0x00000001>;
#size-cells = <0x00000000>;
timebase-frequency = <0x00989680>;
cpu@0 {
device_type = "cpu";
reg = <0x00000000>;
status = "okay";
compatible = "riscv";
riscv,isa = "rv64imafdcsu";
mmu-type = "riscv,sv48";
clock-frequency = <0x3b9aca00>;
interrupt-controller {
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
interrupt-controller;
compatible = "riscv,cpu-intc";
linux,phandle = <0x00000001>;
phandle = <0x00000001>;
}
}
}
memory@80000000 {
device_type = "memory";
reg = <0x00000000 0x80000000 0x00000000 0x40000000>;
}
soc {
#address-cells = <0x00000002>;
#size-cells = <0x00000002>;
compatible = "simple-bus";
ranges;
pci@30000000 {
interrupt-map-mask = <0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000007>;
interrupt-map = <0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000022 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000022 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000022 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000022>;
ranges = <0x01000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x03000000 0x00000000 0x00010000 0x02000000 0x00000000 0x40000000 0x00000000 0x40000000 0x00000000 0x40000000>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x30000000 0x00000000 0x10000000>;
dma-coherent;
bus-range = <0x00000000 0x000002ff>;
linux,pci-domain = <0x00000000>;
device_type = "pci";
compatible = "pci-host-ecam-generic";
#size-cells = <0x00000002>;
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
#address-cells = <0x00000003>;
}
interrupt-controller@c000000 {
linux,phandle = <0x00000002>;
phandle = <0x00000002>;
riscv,ndev = <0x00000035>;
riscv,max-priority = <0x00000007>;
reg-names = "control";
reg = <0x00000000 0x0c000000 0x00000000 0x04000000>;
interrupts-extended = <0x00000001 0x0000000b 0x00000001 0x00000009>;
interrupt-controller;
compatible = "riscv,plic0";
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
#address-cells = <0x00000000>;
}
clint@2000000 {
interrupts-extended = <0x00000001 0x00000003 0x00000001 0x00000007>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x02000000 0x00000000 0x00010000>;
compatible = "riscv,clint0";
}
}
}
[    0.000000] HART = 0 DTB = 80e00000
[    0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 0, uname:
[    0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 1, uname: chosen
[    0.000000] Looking for initrd properties...
[    0.000000] initrd_start=0x88000000  initrd_end=0x88442b86
[    0.000000] Command line is: earlyprintk
[    0.000000] dt_root_size_cells = 2
[    0.000000] dt_root_addr_cells = 2
[    0.000000] memory scan node memory@80000000, reg size 16,
[    0.000000]  - 80000000 ,  40000000
[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Sat Jul 6 12:14:41 MSK 2019
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[    0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (4467590 bytes)
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] INITIAL: ffffffe000c00000
[    0.000000]  -> unflatten_device_tree()
[    0.000000] Unflattening device tree:
[    0.000000] magic: d00dfeed
[    0.000000] size: 00000d56
[    0.000000] version: 00000011
[    0.000000]   size is 14192, allocating...
[    0.000000]   unflattening (____ptrval____)...
[    0.000000] fixed up name for  ->
[    0.000000] fixed up name for chosen -> chosen
[    0.000000] fixed up name for uart@10000000 -> uart
[    0.000000] fixed up name for test@100000 -> test
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10008000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10007000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10006000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10005000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10004000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10003000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10002000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10001000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for cpus -> cpus
[    0.000000] fixed up name for cpu@0 -> cpu
[    0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller -> interrupt-controller
[    0.000000] fixed up name for memory@80000000 -> memory
[    0.000000] fixed up name for soc -> soc
[    0.000000] fixed up name for pci@30000000 -> pci
[    0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller@c000000 -> interrupt-controller
[    0.000000] fixed up name for clint@2000000 -> clint
[    0.000000]  <- unflatten_device_tree()
[    0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effec00 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effeee8 [memory] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff0b0 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff320 [pci] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff858 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efffd58 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu @(____ptrval____) s29400 r8192 d32040 u69632
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 258055
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: earlyprintk
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[    0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[    0.000000] Memory: 949716K/1046528K available (6565K kernel code, 342K rwdata, 2564K rodata, 208K init, 832K bss, 96812K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000] rcu:     RCU event tracing is enabled.
[    0.000000] rcu:     RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[    0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[    0.000000] plic: mapped 53 interrupts to 2 (out of 2) handlers.
[    0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
[    0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[    0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[    0.000000] HART = 0 DTB = 80e00000
[    0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 0, uname:
[    0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 1, uname: chosen
[    0.000000] Looking for initrd properties...
[    0.000000] initrd_start=0x88000000  initrd_end=0x88442b86
[    0.000000] Command line is: earlyprintk
[    0.000000] dt_root_size_cells = 2
[    0.000000] dt_root_addr_cells = 2
[    0.000000] memory scan node memory@80000000, reg size 16,
[    0.000000]  - 80000000 ,  40000000
[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Sat Jul 6 12:14:41 MSK 2019
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[    0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (4467590 bytes)
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] INITIAL: ffffffe000c00000
[    0.000000]  -> unflatten_device_tree()
[    0.000000] Unflattening device tree:
[    0.000000] magic: d00dfeed
[    0.000000] size: 00000d56
[    0.000000] version: 00000011
[    0.000000]   size is 14192, allocating...
[    0.000000]   unflattening (____ptrval____)...
[    0.000000] fixed up name for  ->
[    0.000000] fixed up name for chosen -> chosen
[    0.000000] fixed up name for uart@10000000 -> uart
[    0.000000] fixed up name for test@100000 -> test
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10008000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10007000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10006000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10005000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10004000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10003000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10002000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10001000 -> virtio_mmio
[    0.000000] fixed up name for cpus -> cpus
[    0.000000] fixed up name for cpu@0 -> cpu
[    0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller -> interrupt-controller
[    0.000000] fixed up name for memory@80000000 -> memory
[    0.000000] fixed up name for soc -> soc
[    0.000000] fixed up name for pci@30000000 -> pci
[    0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller@c000000 -> interrupt-controller
[    0.000000] fixed up name for clint@2000000 -> clint
[    0.000000]  <- unflatten_device_tree()
[    0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effec00 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effeee8 [memory] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff0b0 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff320 [pci] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff858 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efffd58 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[    0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu @(____ptrval____) s29400 r8192 d32040 u69632
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 258055
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: earlyprintk
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[    0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[    0.000000] Memory: 949716K/1046528K available (6565K kernel code, 342K rwdata, 2564K rodata, 208K init, 832K bss, 96812K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000] rcu:     RCU event tracing is enabled.
[    0.000000] rcu:     RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[    0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[    0.000000] plic: mapped 53 interrupts to 2 (out of 2) handlers.
[    0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
[    0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[    0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[    0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 20.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=100000)
[    0.000000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.000000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.000000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.020000] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[    0.020000] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[    0.020000] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
[    0.050000] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[    0.050000] random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x76/0x17a with crng_init=0
[    0.050000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[    0.050000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.060000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.090000] vgaarb: loaded
[    0.090000] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.090000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.090000] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.090000] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.090000] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[    0.090000] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <[email protected]>
[    0.090000] PTP clock support registered
[    0.100000] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
[    0.100000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[    0.110000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.110000] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[    0.110000] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[    0.110000] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[    0.110000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[    0.110000] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.110000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.110000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.120000] Unpacking initramfs...
[    0.590000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
[    0.620000] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251)
[    0.620000] io scheduler noop registered
[    0.620000] io scheduler deadline registered
[    0.620000] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[    0.620000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[    0.620000] io scheduler kyber registered
[    0.620000] shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
[    0.690000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[    0.690000] 10000000.uart: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x10000000 (irq = 10, base_baud = 230400) is a 16550A
[    0.720000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[    0.720000] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[    0.720000] [drm] amdgpu kernel modesetting enabled.
[    0.730000] loop: module loaded
[    0.730000] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[    0.740000] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k
[    0.740000] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[    0.740000] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    0.740000] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[    0.740000] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[    0.740000] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[    0.740000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[    0.740000] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[    0.740000] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[    0.740000] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[    0.750000] Segment Routing with IPv6
[    0.750000] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
[    0.750000] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    0.750000] Key type dns_resolver registered
[    0.760000] ALSA device list:
[    0.760000]   No soundcards found.
[    0.770000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 208K
[    0.770000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
[    0.770000] Run /init as init process

("Tidsstemplede" linjer udsendes af kernen, foran dem er træet udlæst af BBL) På den ene side læses FDT'en med succes, på den anden side opnås en form for nonsens i den parsede " objekt” træ.

Under fejlfindingsprocessen indså jeg, at BBL ikke kunne læse den "dobbelte" adresse, ikke fordi der var en fejl i konfigurationen, men simpelthen fordi rodnoden havde #address-cells = <1>; #size-cells = <1>;.

Ved at udvide fejlretningsoutputtet så jeg, at der pegede på type и name "slået", og på en ret mærkelig måde: deres første byte (startende fra nul) blev nulstillet, noget som 0xabcdef -> 0xab00ef. Jeg var nødt til at bruge en velkendt taktik: at kende adresserne, hvor den beskadigede hukommelse er placeret, tilføje den til funktionen printk udskrive disse data. Nå, selve udfordringerne printk spred dem, hvor der er få af dem. Ak, det er ikke blevet meget tydeligere. Så begyndte jeg at konsultere de adskilte objdump version, indstille brudpunkter manuelt og gennemgå det problematiske afsnit af koden trin for trin. Og så blev en mystisk og ubehagelig ting opdaget: hvis jeg straks satte et brudpunkt et sted relativt langt fra den kendte-gode tilstand, så vil jeg stoppe ved det, se den allerede beskadigede hukommelse. Men hvis du stille og roligt forsøger at snige dig ind på hende trin for trin, lykkes det fejlen at gemme sig! Det lugter som en ødelagt hukommelsescontroller og cache, der skjuler fejlen, hvis du konstant anmoder om den nødvendige værdi. Hvad hvis…

Udskiftning af hukommelse

Jeg klamrede mig til muligheden for at løse et problem, der ikke var på min side, og gik ud fra, at jeg måske lige havde modtaget en ødelagt memory stick. Så huskede jeg, at en ti år gammel netbook ikke kun er en bærbar computer, men også en værdifuld kilde til DDR2 SO-DIMM. Som en bonus kan du sætte hukommelse fjernet fra brættet ind i det og få Memtest til at hænge næsten øjeblikkeligt (Linux, forresten, indlæst næsten til den grafiske shell. Men det er bedre ikke at gentage dette eksperiment, hvis du værdsætter oplysningerne på monterede diske ...). På den ene side kan vi antage, at hukommelsen simpelthen ikke passede til netop denne netbook. På den anden side kunne han starte! Der var håb om, at hukommelsen simpelthen var "brudt", og problemet var ikke i min indpakning.

Det betyder, at du skal prøve at starte midlertidigt med netbook-hukommelse. Desværre ved Quartus 18 ikke, hvordan man opgraderer denne IP Core, så den kan redigeres. Det betyder, at tiden endelig er kommet til at lære at oprette nye instanser. Alt viste sig at være ret simpelt: vi kigger i IP-kataloget efter varen DDR2 SDRAM-controller med ALTMEMPHY Intel FPGA IP, og vi får en blok med samme interface som før. Det eneste problem er at indstille de korrekte hukommelsesindstillinger.

Hent parametrene for hukommelsesmodulet

Der er en forholdsvis oplagt måde at konfigurere modulet på: Læs parametrene fra SPD'en. Faktisk, hvis en almindelig computer læser SPD-data og konfigurerer controlleren baseret på dem, så lad os trække disse data fra på en eksisterende netbook og indtaste dem i en tabel.

Dette gøres på Ubuntu meget simpelt: du skal installere pakken i2c-tools, indlæs moduler eeprom и i2c-i801 (Jeg er dog ikke sikker på, at den anden driver vil fungere overalt), så løb decode-dimms:

decode-dimms output

# decode-dimms version 6231 (2014-02-20 10:54:34 +0100)
Memory Serial Presence Detect Decoder
By Philip Edelbrock, Christian Zuckschwerdt, Burkart Lingner,
Jean Delvare, Trent Piepho and others
Decoding EEPROM: /sys/bus/i2c/drivers/eeprom/0-0050
Guessing DIMM is in                             bank 1
---=== SPD EEPROM Information ===---
EEPROM Checksum of bytes 0-62                   OK (0x00)
SPD Revision                                    Invalid
Fundamental Memory type                         Unknown (0x00)
---=== Manufacturing Information ===---
Manufacturer                                    Undefined
Part Number                                     Undefined
Decoding EEPROM: /sys/bus/i2c/drivers/eeprom/4-0050
Guessing DIMM is in                             bank 1
---=== SPD EEPROM Information ===---
EEPROM Checksum of bytes 0-62                   OK (0x00)
SPD Revision                                    Invalid
Fundamental Memory type                         Unknown (0x00)
---=== Manufacturing Information ===---
Manufacturer                                    Undefined
Part Number                                     Undefined
Decoding EEPROM: /sys/bus/i2c/drivers/eeprom/6-0050
Guessing DIMM is in                             bank 1
---=== SPD EEPROM Information ===---
EEPROM Checksum of bytes 0-62                   OK (0x76)
# of bytes written to SDRAM EEPROM              128
Total number of bytes in EEPROM                 256
Fundamental Memory type                         DDR2 SDRAM
SPD Revision                                    1.2
---=== Memory Characteristics ===---
Maximum module speed                            800 MHz (PC2-6400)
Size                                            1024 MB
Banks x Rows x Columns x Bits                   8 x 13 x 10 x 64
Ranks                                           2
SDRAM Device Width                              16 bits
Module Height                                   30.0 mm
Module Type                                     SO-DIMM (67.6 mm)
DRAM Package                                    Planar
Voltage Interface Level                         SSTL 1.8V
Module Configuration Type                       No Parity
Refresh Rate                                    Reduced (7.8 us) - Self Refresh
Supported Burst Lengths                         4, 8
tCL-tRCD-tRP-tRAS                               6-6-6-18
Supported CAS Latencies (tCL)                   6T, 5T, 4T
Minimum Cycle Time                              2.50 ns at CAS 6 (tCK min)
3.00 ns at CAS 5
3.75 ns at CAS 4
Maximum Access Time                             0.40 ns at CAS 6 (tAC)
0.45 ns at CAS 5
0.50 ns at CAS 4
Maximum Cycle Time (tCK max)                    8.00 ns
---=== Timing Parameters ===---
Address/Command Setup Time Before Clock (tIS)   0.17 ns
Address/Command Hold Time After Clock (tIH)     0.25 ns
Data Input Setup Time Before Strobe (tDS)       0.05 ns
Data Input Hold Time After Strobe (tDH)         0.12 ns
Minimum Row Precharge Delay (tRP)               15.00 ns
Minimum Row Active to Row Active Delay (tRRD)   10.00 ns
Minimum RAS# to CAS# Delay (tRCD)               15.00 ns
Minimum RAS# Pulse Width (tRAS)                 45.00 ns
Write Recovery Time (tWR)                       15.00 ns
Minimum Write to Read CMD Delay (tWTR)          7.50 ns
Minimum Read to Pre-charge CMD Delay (tRTP)     7.50 ns
Minimum Active to Auto-refresh Delay (tRC)      60.00 ns
Minimum Recovery Delay (tRFC)                   127.50 ns
Maximum DQS to DQ Skew (tDQSQ)                  0.20 ns
Maximum Read Data Hold Skew (tQHS)              0.30 ns
---=== Manufacturing Information ===---
Manufacturer                                    Samsung
Manufacturing Location Code                     0x02
Part Number                                     M4 70T2864QZ3-CF7
Revision Code                                   0x3351
Manufacturing Date                              2009-W34
Assembly Serial Number                          0x79C64E9A
Number of SDRAM DIMMs detected and decoded: 3

Problemet er, at nogle tidspunkter ikke er angivet her, så lad os tage den anden vej.

Hvad står der på vores moduler:

Del 4: Kører stadig Linux på RocketChip RISC-VDel 4: Kører stadig Linux på RocketChip RISC-V

I dette tilfælde er inskriptionen på selve hukommelseschippene mere interessant: K4T1G164QQ-HCF7. Ved at skrive denne linje i Google får vi et datablad på flere dusin sider med alle de nødvendige parametre, som pænt kan inkluderes i IP Core-egenskaberne. Vær bare opmærksom på måleenhederne: et eller andet sted ns, et eller andet sted - ps, og nogle gange endda deler tCK. Jeg vil ikke lære dig, hvad du skal være opmærksom på - jeg konfigurerede en masse ting selv tilfældigt (jeg kan ikke garantere, at du ikke kan "brænde" hukommelsen eller FPGA på denne måde). Jeg vil lige henlede din opmærksomhed på dette: Jeg kunne ikke få controlleren til at virke i meget lang tid, og det sidste trin var erkendelsen af, at jeg var nødt til at kontrollere bredden af ​​alle hukommelsesgrænseflader for overholdelse af den genererede Verilog-kode : når alt kommer til alt, når i MemIfBundle angivet val mem_ba = IO(Output(UInt(2.W))), og der er 8 banker (dvs. en adresse på 3 bit bred), så har vi kun output fra hukommelsescontrolleren, der hænger i luften - et problem, men ikke kritisk, så alt er syntetiseret, men virker ikke.

Måske ville alt fungere med det gamle modul, hvis controlleren blev opdateret, men indtil videre er jeg for doven til at håndtere potentielle flydende fejl: Jeg har nok af mine egne.

Altså efter flytning timebase-frequency i DTS fra det specifikke CPU-niveau til nodeniveauet cpus (ifølge kernens ganske forståelige anmodning) får vi:

Skjult tekst

[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Tue Jul 9 22:42:36 MSK 2019
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[    0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (16777216 bytes)
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[    0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[    0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu @(____ptrval____) s29400 r8192 d32040 u69632
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 258055
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: debug console=ttySIF0,125200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 loglevel=7 rootwait
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[    0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[    0.000000] Memory: 937696K/1046528K available (6565K kernel code, 343K rwdata, 2564K rodata, 208K init, 832K bss, 108832K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000] rcu:     RCU event tracing is enabled.
[    0.000000] rcu:     RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[    0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[    0.000000] plic: mapped 8 interrupts to 1 (out of 2) handlers.
[    0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1d854df40, max_idle_ns: 3526361616960 ns
[    0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[    0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 2.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=10000)
[    0.020000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.030000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.040000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.140000] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[    0.190000] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[    0.190000] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
[    0.220000] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.300000] random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x76/0x17a with crng_init=0
[    0.330000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[    0.340000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.380000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    1.850000] vgaarb: loaded
[    1.870000] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    1.900000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    1.910000] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    1.920000] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    1.930000] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[    1.940000] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <[email protected]>
[    1.950000] PTP clock support registered
[    1.970000] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
[    2.010000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[    2.600000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    2.640000] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[    2.650000] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[    2.670000] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[    2.700000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[    2.720000] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    2.730000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    2.750000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    2.770000] Unpacking initramfs...
[   23.980000] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive
[   24.030000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
[   25.020000] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251)
[   25.030000] io scheduler noop registered
[   25.040000] io scheduler deadline registered
[   25.050000] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[   25.060000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[   25.060000] io scheduler kyber registered
[   25.120000] sifive_gpio 64002000.gpio: SiFive GPIO chip registered 6 GPIOs
[   25.150000] shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
[   28.870000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[   28.940000] sifive-serial 64000000.serial: unable to find controller clock
[   28.950000] sifive-serial: probe of 64000000.serial failed with error -2
[   28.980000] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[   28.990000] [drm] amdgpu kernel modesetting enabled.
[   29.500000] loop: module loaded
[   29.610000] sifive_spi 64001000.spi: Unable to find bus clock
[   29.620000] sifive_spi: probe of 64001000.spi failed with error -2
[   29.640000] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[   29.680000] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k
[   29.690000] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[   29.700000] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[   29.710000] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[   29.720000] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[   29.750000] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[   29.790000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[   29.800000] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[   29.820000] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[   29.900000] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[   29.960000] Segment Routing with IPv6
[   29.960000] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
[   30.020000] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[   30.020000] Key type dns_resolver registered
[   30.070000] bootconsole [early0] uses init memory and must be disabled even before the real one is ready
[   30.080000] bootconsole [early0] disabled

Hvorefter intet synligt sker.

Nu kan du prøve at håndtere tre problemer:

[   23.980000] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive
...
[   28.940000] sifive-serial 64000000.serial: unable to find controller clock
...
[   29.610000] sifive_spi 64001000.spi: Unable to find bus clock

...og stopper også output til konsollen.

Det er slet ikke svært at overvinde to problemer med frekvenser: du skal tilføje point clocks ind i undertræerne for de påkrævede enheder, for nemheds skyld giver det et tydeligt etiketnavn til noden tlclk:

diff --git a/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts b/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts
index 4b2cebc..1347e76 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts
+++ b/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@
L8: serial@64000000 {
compatible = "sifive,uart0";
interrupt-parent = <&L0>;
+                        clocks = <&tlclk>;
interrupts = <2>;
reg = <0x64000000 0x1000>;
reg-names = "control";
@@ -107,6 +109,7 @@
interrupt-parent = <&L0>;
interrupts = <1>;
reg = <0x64001000 0x1000>;
+                        clocks = <&tlclk>;
reg-names = "control";
L12: mmc@0 {
compatible = "mmc-spi-slot";
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@
voltage-ranges = <3300 3300>;
};
};
-                L11: tlclk {
+                tlclk: tlclk {
#clock-cells = <0>;
clock-frequency = <25000000>;
clock-output-names = "tlclk";

Ved at tilføje linjen #define pr_debug printk til begyndelsen af ​​filen init/initramfs.c, som viser en besked om skrald i stedet for initramfs, får vi en lidt mere detaljeret besked:

[    2.760000] Unpacking initramfs...
[    2.770000] Detected gzip compressed data
[   23.940000] Detected (null) compressed data
[   23.970000] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive

Det vil sige, det er skraldet måske ikke i stedet for initramfs, og вместе.

Okay, han fandt noget, måske er det nok. Hvor blev konsollen af? Søgningen giver et link til problemet på Github: linux kunne ikke bringes op på vc707-kortet — det viser sig, at UART alene ifølge chaufføren ikke engang er værd at tale om. Men korrektion dateret 11. juli 2018 - et år siden. Det viste sig, at denne forpligtelse aldrig nåede ind i træet, hvorfra jeg bygger kernen. Ved manuelt at anvende denne patch fik jeg en fungerende Linux! Det viste sig, at problemet med initramfs virkelig ikke var kritisk.

At logge ind som bruger=root, password=sifive, kunne jeg uden problemer (bortset fra at forstå, at GPIO-nummeret har en base, hvorfra alt beregnes, og som blot skal læses fra den tilsvarende pseudo-fil) igennem sysfs tænde LED'en på tavlen.

Som sidste gang vedhæfter jeg en tekstvideo af Linux-lancering. Når konsollen skifter fra earlyprintk til standarden, opstår der en slags skrald, svarende til outputtet, når UART-hastigheden er indstillet forkert. Interessant nok klarede spilleren sig igennem dette "rod".

Del 4: Kører stadig Linux på RocketChip RISC-V

Kilde: www.habr.com