{"id":100747,"date":"2021-07-12T16:22:38","date_gmt":"2021-07-12T14:22:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-opublikoval-pervyj-stabilnyj-vypusk-linux-distributiva-cbl-mariner"},"modified":"2021-07-12T16:22:38","modified_gmt":"2021-07-12T14:22:39","slug":"microsoft-opublikoval-pervyj-stabilnyj-vypusk-linux-distributiva-cbl-mariner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/microsoft-opublikoval-pervyj-stabilnyj-vypusk-linux-distributiva-cbl-mariner","title":{"rendered":"Microsoft har offentliggjort den f\u00f8rste stabile udgave af Linux-distributionen CBL-Mariner","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Microsoft har offentliggjort distributionen af CBL-Mariner 1.0 (Common Base Linux Mariner), som er markeret som det f\u00f8rste stabile udgivelse af projektet. CBL-Mariner udvikles som en universel grundplatform for Linux-milj\u00f8er, der anvendes i cloud-infrastruktur, edge-systemer og forskellige Microsoft-tjenester. Projektet sigter mod at forene de Linux-l\u00f8sninger, der anvendes i Microsoft, og forenkle vedligeholdelsen af Linux-systemer af forskellige slags. <\/p>\n

Distributionen tilbyder et lille standard s\u00e6t af grundpakker, der fungerer som en universel basis for opbygning af indhold til containere, v\u00e6rt-milj\u00f8er og tjenester, der k\u00f8rer i cloud-infrastrukturer og p\u00e5 edge-enheder. Mere komplekse og specialiserede l\u00f8sninger kan skabes ved at tilf\u00f8je ekstra pakker over CBL-Mariner, men basen for alle s\u00e5danne systemer forbliver u\u00e6ndret, hvilket forenkler vedligeholdelsen og forberedelsen af opdateringer. <\/p>\n

For eksempel anvendes CBL-Mariner som grundlag for mini-distributionen WSLg, der leverer komponenter til det grafiske stack for at muligg\u00f8re k\u00f8rsel af GUI-applikationer fra Linux i milj\u00f8er baseret p\u00e5 WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux). Grundlaget for denne distribution forbliver u\u00e6ndret, og den udvidede funktionalitet realiseres ved at inkludere ekstra pakker med kompositter. serveren<\/a> Weston, XWayland, PulseAudio og FreeRDP. <\/p>\n

CBL-Mariner's build-system g\u00f8r det muligt at generere b\u00e5de separate RPM-pakker baseret p\u00e5 SPEC-filer og kildekoder samt monolitiske systembilleder, der dannes ved hj\u00e6lp af rpm-ostree v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer og opdateres atomisk uden at blive opdelt i separate pakker. Derfor underst\u00f8ttes der to modeller til opdatering: gennem opdatering af enkeltpakker og gennem opbygning og opdatering af hele systembilledet. Distributionen inkluderer kun de mest n\u00f8dvendige komponenter og er optimeret til minimalt forbrug af hukommelse og diskplads samt for h\u00f8j opstartshastighed. Distributionen er ogs\u00e5 bem\u00e6rkelsesv\u00e6rdig ved at inkludere forskellige ekstra mekanismer til at \u00f8ge sikkerheden. <\/p>\n

Projektet anvender tilgangen 'maksimal sikkerhed som standard'. Der tilbydes mulighed for filtrering af systemopkald ved hj\u00e6lp af seccomp-mekanismen, kryptering af diskpartitioner og verifikation af pakker ved digital underskrift. Under opbygningen er beskyttelsesmetoder mod stack-overflow, buffer-overl\u00f8b og format-string problemer ( _FORTIFY_SOURCE, -fstack-protector, -Wformat-security, relro) som standard aktiveret. De underst\u00f8ttede metoder til randomisering af adresseomr\u00e5de i Linux-kernen er aktiveret, samt mekanismer til beskyttelse mod angreb relateret til symbolske links, mmap, \/dev\/mem og \/dev\/kmem. For de hukommelsesomr\u00e5der, hvor kerne- og moduldata placeres, er der indstillet en kun-l\u00e6se-tilstand, og udf\u00f8relse af kode er forbudt. Der er desuden mulighed for at forhindre indl\u00e6sning af kerne-moduler efter systeminitialisering. Til filtrering af netv\u00e6rkspakker er v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jer fra iptables blevet anvendt. <\/p>\n

\u0413\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 ISO-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439 (c\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Ubuntu 18.04). \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 RPM-\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 3300 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e iso-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c: git clone https:\/\/github.com\/microsoft\/CBL-Mariner.git cd CBL-Mariner\/toolkit sudo make iso REBUILD_TOOLS=y REBUILD_PACKAGES=n CONFIG_FILE=.\/imageconfigs\/full.json <\/p>\n

Til styring af tjenester og opstart anvendes systemmanageren systemd. Pakkeh\u00e5ndterere RPM og DNF (version tdnf fra vmWare) leveres til pakkeh\u00e5ndtering. SSH-serveren aktiveres ikke som standard. Der tilbydes en installationsprogram til installation af distributionen, som kan fungere i b\u00e5de tekst- og grafiske tilstande. Installationsprogrammet giver mulighed for installation med et komplet eller basis s\u00e6t pakker, og det tilbyder et interface til valg af diskpartition, valg af v\u00e6rtsnavn og oprettelse af brugere.

\"Microsoft<\/center>
\n
Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 CBL-Mariner 1.0 (Common Base Linux Mariner), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 CBL-Mariner \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux-\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435, edge-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445 Microsoft. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 Microsoft Linux-\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Linux-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":100748,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100747","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Microsoft har offentliggjort den f\u00f8rste stabile udgivelse af Linux-distributionen CBL-Mariner | ProHoster","description":"Microsoft har offentliggjort 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