{"id":103071,"date":"2022-01-24T15:36:48","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T13:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bf-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b9-%d0%be%d1%81-phantom-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b1%d0%b0%d0%b7%d0%b5-genode-%d0%b1"},"modified":"2022-01-24T15:36:48","modified_gmt":"2022-01-24T13:36:50","slug":"prototip-otechestvennoj-os-phantom-na-baze-genode-b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/prototip-otechestvennoj-os-phantom-na-baze-genode-b","title":{"rendered":"Prototypen af det indenlandske operativsystem Phantom baseret p\u00e5 Genode vil v\u00e6re klar inden \u00e5rets udgang.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Dmitry Zavalishin talte om projektet til portering af den virtuelle maskine i operativsystemet Phantom til at fungere i milj\u00f8et af det mikrokerne-baserede operativsystem Genode. I et interview n\u00e6vnes det, at hovedversionen af Phantom allerede er klar til pilotprojekter, og at versionen baseret p\u00e5 Genode vil blive klargjort til brug ved \u00e5rets slutning. P\u00e5 projektets hjemmeside er der dog kun en fungerende konceptuel prototypen offentliggjort, hvis stabilitet og funktionalitet endnu ikke er n\u00e5et et niveau, der er egnet til industriel brug, og blandt de n\u00e6rmeste planer n\u00e6vnes oprettelsen af en alfa-version, der er egnet til eksperimenter af eksterne udviklere. <\/p>\n

Koden til projektet distribueres under LGPL-licensen, men den seneste \u00e6ndring i det prim\u00e6re repository er dateret til november 2019. Den offentlige aktivitet relateret til projektet er koncentreret i et repository med en fork til Genode, som siden december 2020 er blevet vedligeholdt af Anton Antonov, en studerende fra universitetet i Innopolis. <\/p>\n

Operativsystemet Phantom har udviklet sig siden begyndelsen af 2000'erne som et personligt projekt af Dmitrij Zavalisin, og fra 2010 blev det overdraget til firmaet Digital Zone, som er grundlagt af Dmitrij. Systemet er bem\u00e6rkelsesv\u00e6rdigt for sin fokus p\u00e5 h\u00f8j p\u00e5lidelighed og brugen af konceptet 'alt er et objekt' i stedet for 'alt er en fil', hvilket g\u00f8r det muligt at undg\u00e5 brug af filer ved at gemme hukommelsens tilstand og k\u00f8re i et kontinuerligt cyklus. Applikationer i Phantom afsluttes ikke, men s\u00e6ttes blot p\u00e5 pause og genoptager arbejdet fra det afbrudte punkt. Alle variabler og datakonstruktioner kan gemmes s\u00e5 l\u00e6nge, som applikationen har brug for, uden at programm\u00f8ren specielt beh\u00f8ver at bekymre sig om datagenerering. <\/p>\n

Applikationer i Phantom kompilere til bytecode, som k\u00f8rer p\u00e5 en stakbaseret virtuel maskine, der ligner Java-virtuel maskine. Den virtuelle maskine sikrer persistens af applikationernes hukommelse \u2014 systemet tager periodisk snapshots af den virtuelle maskines tilstand og gemmer dem p\u00e5 et permanent medie. Efter nedlukning eller uventet afslutning kan arbejdet forts\u00e6tte fra det seneste gemte hukommelsessnapshot. Snapshots oprettes asynkront og uden at pause den virtuelle maskines drift, men i snapshot'et fastholdes et \u00f8jebliksbillede, som om den virtuelle maskine blev stoppet, gemt til disk og derefter genstartet. <\/p>\n

Alle applikationer k\u00f8rer i et f\u00e6lles globalt adresseomr\u00e5de, som eliminerer behovet for kontekstskift mellem kernen og applikationerne samt v\u00e6sentligt forenkler og accelererer interaktionen mellem de k\u00f8rende applikationer p\u00e5 den virtuelle maskine, som kan udveksle objekter gennem referenceoverf\u00f8rsel. Adgangsopdelingen sker p\u00e5 objektniveau, hvor referencer kun kan opn\u00e5s gennem det relevante metodeopkald (pointeraritmetik findes ikke). Enhver data, inklusive numeriske v\u00e6rdier, behandles som separate objekter. <\/p>\n

For applikationen ser arbejdet sammenh\u00e6ngende ud og er uafh\u00e6ngigt af genstart af operativsystemet, uventede afslutninger og nedlukninger af computeren. Programmeringsmodellen for Phantom sammenlignes med at k\u00f8re applikationer, der aldrig stopper. server<\/a> Som en af de prim\u00e6re metoder til applikationsudvikling overvejes portering af Java-programmer til Phantom, hjulpet af ligheden mellem Phantom's virtuelle maskine og JVM. Ud over bytecode-kompilatoren til Java-sproget planl\u00e6gger projektet at skabe kompilatorer til Python og C#, samt implementere en overs\u00e6tter fra mellemformat til WebAssembly. <\/p>\n

For at udf\u00f8re operationer, der kr\u00e6ver h\u00f8j ydeevne, s\u00e5som videobehandling og lydbehandling, er der mulighed for at k\u00f8re bin\u00e6re objekter med native kode i separate tr\u00e5de (LLVM bruges til at opbygge bin\u00e6re objekter). For adgang til kernefunktioner er nogle klasser i VM ('interne' klasser) implementeret p\u00e5 operativsystemets kernet niveau. Der er en POSIX-lag til at k\u00f8re Linux-applikationer, der emulerer kald, der er n\u00f8dvendige for Unix-processers drift (persistens for applikationer i POSIX-laget er endnu ikke sikret).

\"Prototypen<\/center> <\/p>\n

The traditional Phantom OS, in addition to the virtual machine, includes its own kernel with thread implementation, a memory manager, a garbage collector, synchronization mechanisms, an input\/output system, and drivers for hardware interaction, which significantly complicates the project's readiness for widespread use. Components with a network stack, graphics subsystem, and user interface are developed separately. Notably, the graphics subsystem and window manager operate at the kernel level. <\/p>\n

To enhance stability, portability, and security, an attempt has been made to port the Phantom virtual machine to work with components of the open microkernel operating system Genode, which is supervised by the German company Genode Labs. A special build environment based on Docker has been prepared for those who wish to experiment with Phantom on Genode. <\/p>\n

Using Genode will allow the use of already proven microkernels and drivers, as well as move drivers to user space (currently, drivers are written in C and run at the kernel level of Phantom). This will include the opportunity to use the seL4 microkernel, which has undergone mathematical verification of reliability, confirming that the implementation fully complies with the specifications set in a formal language. The possibility of preparing a similar reliability proof for the Phantom virtual machine is being considered, which would allow for the verification of the entire OS environment. <\/p>\n

Som det prim\u00e6re anvendelsesomr\u00e5de for Genode-baserede porte n\u00e6vnes udviklingen af applikationer til forskellige industrielle og indlejrede enheder. I \u00f8jeblikket er der allerede forberedt et s\u00e6t \u00e6ndringer til den virtuelle maskine, og der er tilf\u00f8jet funktionelle bindingslag til Genode for at sikre persistence af kernekomponenter og de vigtigste lave niveau-gr\u00e6nseflader. Det bem\u00e6rkes, at virtual machine<\/a> Phantom kan allerede k\u00f8re i et 64-bit milj\u00f8 p\u00e5 Genode, men det er stadig n\u00f8dvendigt at implementere drift af VM i persisterende tilstand, redesignere driver underlaget og tilpasse Genode-komponenter med netv\u00e6rkstrukturen og den grafiske underst\u00f8ttelse.

\"Prototypen<\/center>
\"Prototypen<\/center>
\"Prototypen<\/center>
\n
Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0417\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Phantom \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0421 Genode. \u0412 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f Phantom \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043a \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c, \u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Genode \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 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