{"id":103808,"date":"2022-04-18T09:36:46","date_gmt":"2022-04-18T07:36:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap"},"modified":"2022-04-18T09:36:46","modified_gmt":"2022-04-18T07:36:47","slug":"proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/da\/blog\/news\/proekt-celestial-razvivaet-sborku-ubuntu-s-flatpak-vmesto-snap","title":{"rendered":"Celestial-projektet udvikler en version af Ubuntu med Flatpak i stedet for Snap","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Beta-udgaven af distributionen CelOS (Celestial OS) er blevet pr\u00e6senteret, som er en omskrivning af Ubuntu 22.04, hvor pakkeh\u00e5ndteringsv\u00e6rkt\u00f8jet Snap er blevet erstattet med Flatpak. I stedet for at installere ekstra applikationer fra Snap Store-kataloget, tilbydes integration med Flathub-kataloget. St\u00f8rrelsen p\u00e5 installationsbilledet er 3,7 GB. Projektets resultater distribueres under GPLv3-licensen. <\/p>\n

Sammens\u00e6tningen inkluderer et udvalg af GNOME-applikationer, der distribueres i Flatpak-format, samt mulighed for hurtig installation af yderligere programmer fra Flathub-kataloget. Den brugerflade, der tilbydes, er den almindelige GNOME med Adwaita-temaet, i den form det udvikles af hovedprojektet, uden at anvende det tema, der tilbydes i Ubuntu, Yaru. Den standard installer er Ubiquity. <\/p>\n

Fra standardleveringen er pakkerne aisleriot, gnome-mahjongg, gnome-mines, gnome-sudoku, evince, libreoffice, rhythmbox, remmina, shotwell, thunderbird, totem, snapd, firefox, gedit, cheese, gnome-calculator, gnome-calendar, gnome-font-viewer, gnome-characters og ubuntu-session blevet udeladt. Tilf\u00f8jet er deb-pakkerne gnome-tweak-tool, gnome-software, gnome-software-plugin-flatpak, Flatpak og gnome-session, samt flatpak-pakkerne Adwaita-dark, Epiphany, gedit, Cheese, Calculator, clocks, Calendar, Photos, Characters, font-viewer, Contacts, Weather og Flatseal.

\"Celestial-projektet<\/center> <\/p>\n

Forskellene mellem Flatpak og Snap ligger i, at Snap tilbyder et lille grundl\u00e6ggende runtime i form af en container baseret p\u00e5 de monolitiske udgivelser af Ubuntu Core, mens Flatpak udover det grundl\u00e6ggende runtime ogs\u00e5 anvender yderligere og separat opdaterbare runtime-lag (bundle) med standardiserede s\u00e6t af afh\u00e6ngigheder til at k\u00f8re applikationer. Snap flytter derfor st\u00f8rstedelen af de anvendte biblioteker til pakkerne (senest er det muligt at flytte store biblioteker, s\u00e5som GNOME og GTK-biblioteker, til f\u00e6lles pakker), mens Flatpak tilbyder f\u00e6lles bundle-s\u00e6t af biblioteker til forskellige pakker (for eksempel er bibliotekerne, der er n\u00f8dvendige for at k\u00f8re applikationer i GNOME eller KDE, flyttet til bundlet), hvilket g\u00f8r pakkerne mere kompakte. <\/p>\n

Til levering af Flatpak-pakker anvendes et billede baseret p\u00e5 OCI-specifikationen (Open Container Initiative), mens Snap bruger montering af billeder i SquashFS-format. Til isolering i Flatpak anvendes Bubblewrap-laget (som bruger cgroups, namespaces, Seccomp og SELinux), og til organisering af adgang til ressourcer uden for containeren anvendes portalmekanismen. I Snap anvendes cgroups, namespaces, Seccomp og AppArmor til isolering, mens tilkoblingsgr\u00e6nseflader bruges til interaktion med omverdenen og andre pakker. Snap udvikles under fuld kontrol af Canonical, mens Flatpak-projektet er uafh\u00e6ngigt, giver en mere fuldst\u00e6ndig integration med GNOME og er ikke bundet til et enkelt repository.
\n
Kilde: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0431\u0435\u0442\u0430-\u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 CelOS (Celestial OS), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443 Ubuntu 22.04, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 Snap \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0451\u043d \u043d\u0430 Flatpak. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 Snap Store \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c Flathub. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 3.7 \u0413\u0411. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv3. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 GNOME, 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